【摘要】：公路設(shè)置回頭曲線是當(dāng)路線受到地形高差的限制,路線無法依靠自然展線延長距離克服高差,或利用自然展線將付出巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)、安全及環(huán)境代價(jià)時(shí)所采取的一種平面線形形式,并廣泛運(yùn)用于設(shè)計(jì)速度較低的公路線形設(shè)計(jì)中。隨著社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,干線公路向山區(qū)縱深延伸,設(shè)計(jì)理念也在不斷進(jìn)步。當(dāng)采用自然展線無法克服控制點(diǎn)間高差時(shí),因設(shè)置回頭曲線比采用螺旋展線具有更好的經(jīng)濟(jì)性及更有效地利用地形條件的潛力,開始受到設(shè)計(jì)人員的重視。但山區(qū)干線公路設(shè)置回頭曲線仍處于探索階段,在山區(qū)干線公路如何設(shè)置回頭曲線、把握技術(shù)指標(biāo)、保障行車安全,仍需要進(jìn)行深入研究。從平面線形、設(shè)計(jì)速度、平曲線轉(zhuǎn)角等要素,對山區(qū)干線公路回頭曲線進(jìn)行了界定,并歸納其形式與線形組成;從設(shè)置回頭曲線的地形條件、保障行車安全、工程經(jīng)濟(jì)性、環(huán)境保護(hù)及通行能力等方面,提出了山區(qū)干線公路設(shè)置回頭曲線的影響因素。確定了實(shí)際行駛速度作為山區(qū)干線公路回頭曲線的設(shè)計(jì)速度;基于回頭曲線的線形組成及汽車橫向穩(wěn)定性,并將主、輔曲線分開考慮,分別給出了圓曲線最小半徑取值;基于大型車的動力性能給出了回頭曲線的最大縱坡取值;通過研究回頭曲線路段的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)橫斷面組合形式,結(jié)合回頭曲線的特點(diǎn)和汽車特性,給出了回頭曲線的路面加寬值及最大超高率取值;提出了回頭曲線路段對視距的要求;通過對相鄰回頭曲線間過渡段的界定,并通過對駕駛員在回頭曲線路段的駕駛操作行為的分析,得到了相鄰回頭曲線間過渡段最小長度取值。通過Trucksim仿真軟件建立回頭曲線的道路模型,選取行駛速度、側(cè)向加速度、行駛軌跡線、輪胎垂直反力及方向盤轉(zhuǎn)角角速度峰值等指標(biāo),對山區(qū)干線公路回頭曲線技術(shù)指標(biāo)的安全性進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。借鑒國內(nèi)外關(guān)于山區(qū)干線公路的安全保障措施的研究成果,結(jié)合回頭曲線的線形特征及設(shè)置方法,從設(shè)置限速標(biāo)志牌、路肩隆聲帶、線形誘導(dǎo)標(biāo)、加強(qiáng)護(hù)欄、交通標(biāo)志、避險(xiǎn)車道,提升路面摩擦系數(shù)等方面提出了回頭曲線的安全保障措施。
[Abstract]:The setting back curve of highway is when the route is limited by the height difference of the terrain, the route can't rely on the natural line to extend the distance to overcome the height difference, or the use of the natural line will pay a great deal of money. It is widely used in the design of highway alignment with low speed. With the development of social economy, the trunk highway extends to the mountain area, and the design idea is progressing. When the height difference between the control points can not be overcome by using the natural line, the retrograde curve is more economical than the spiral curve and the potential of making more effective use of the terrain conditions, so the designers begin to pay more attention to it. However, the retrograde curve of mountain trunk highway is still in the exploration stage. How to set up the back curve, grasp the technical index and guarantee the safety of driving still need to be deeply studied in the mountain trunk highway. The paper defines the turning back curve of mountain trunk highway from the elements of plane alignment, design speed, flat curve angle and so on, and induces its form and linear composition. From the aspects of setting up the terrain condition of turning back curve, ensuring the safety of driving, engineering economy, environmental protection and traffic capacity, this paper puts forward the influence factors of setting back curve of mountain trunk highway. The actual driving speed is determined as the design speed of the turning back curve of the mountain trunk highway, based on the linear composition of the turning curve and the lateral stability of the vehicle, the minimum radius of the circle curve is given respectively by considering the main and auxiliary curves separately. The maximum longitudinal slope value of the return curve is given based on the dynamic performance of the large vehicle. By studying the standard cross section combination form of the back curve section, combining the characteristics of the back curve and the characteristics of the vehicle, the road widening value and the maximum ultra high rate value of the back curve section are given, and the requirements of the turning back curve section on the sight distance are put forward. Through the definition of the transition section between the adjacent turning back curves and the analysis of the driver's driving operation behavior in the section of the turning back curve, the minimum length of the transition section between the adjacent turning back curves is obtained. The road model of turning back curve is established by Trucksim software. The parameters such as driving speed, lateral acceleration, track line, tire vertical reaction force and angular velocity peak of steering wheel are selected. The safety of the technical index of turning back curve of mountain trunk highway is verified. Referring to the research results of safety and security measures of mountain trunk highway at home and abroad, combining with the linear characteristics and setting methods of the back curve, from setting up the speed limit sign, the road shoulder rising vocal cord, the linear guiding sign, strengthening the guardrail, the traffic sign, The safety measures of turning back curve are put forward in the aspects of avoiding lane and raising the friction coefficient of road surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U412.34

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