車輛噪聲多普勒效應(yīng)與聲屏障優(yōu)化方法研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-17 00:20
【摘要】：當前,道路交通噪聲給沿線居民的生活帶來了嚴重的影響,在道路旁建造聲屏障是控制交通噪聲的主要措施,但聲屏障較高的建設(shè)成本制約了其大面積應(yīng)用。另外,車輛行駛噪聲具有多普勒效應(yīng),使聲屏障的聲學(xué)設(shè)計變得更為復(fù)雜。為使聲屏障參數(shù)設(shè)計更合理,降低聲屏障建設(shè)成本,有必要對車輛行駛噪聲多普勒效應(yīng)及聲屏障優(yōu)化方法做進一步研究。根據(jù)多普勒效應(yīng)原理和聲學(xué)理論研究了車輛行駛噪聲多普勒效應(yīng)對受聲點聲壓級的影響。通過研究多普勒頻移與車輛行駛參數(shù)的關(guān)系,建立了多普勒效應(yīng)車輛行駛噪聲模型,基于該模型分析車輛噪聲多普勒效應(yīng)對受聲點聲壓級的影響因素。研究表明:多普勒頻移引起的A計權(quán)頻率響應(yīng)和受聲點聲壓級的變化,是導(dǎo)致車輛迎面駛來和背離駛?cè)r受聲點聲壓級差異的主要因素;車速越高,多普勒效應(yīng)對受聲點聲壓級的影響越明顯,經(jīng)計算,輕型車以120 km/h迎面駛來比背離駛?cè)r受聲點聲壓級高2.3 dB(A),重型車以70 km/h駛來比駛?cè)r受聲點聲壓級高1.5 dB(A)。研究了基于車輛噪聲多普勒效應(yīng)的聲屏障優(yōu)化設(shè)計方法。通過考慮交通車流的有效長度,以及把晝、夜間交通噪聲源視為線聲源和點聲源分別進行計算,使交通噪聲預(yù)測模型更符合實際交通狀況;以聲屏障的建造位置、聲屏障的高度和車輛駛來端和駛?cè)ザ寺暺琳系难由扉L度為設(shè)計變量,以聲屏障建設(shè)成本為目標函數(shù),以聲屏障幾何參數(shù)和受聲區(qū)域噪聲指標為約束條件,進行基于車輛噪聲多普勒效應(yīng)的聲屏障優(yōu)化設(shè)計。研究表明:相比聲屏障設(shè)計規(guī)范中的傳統(tǒng)方法,采用該優(yōu)化方法進行設(shè)計可使聲屏障建造成本降低5.13%。利用聲學(xué)仿真軟件Raynoise對基于車輛噪聲多普勒效應(yīng)的聲屏障優(yōu)化設(shè)計方法進行驗證。通過軟件模擬交通車流、車輛噪聲多普勒效應(yīng)、聲屏障及其他聲環(huán)境建立聲學(xué)仿真模型,計算仿真環(huán)境下聲屏障的降噪效果,對聲屏障優(yōu)化設(shè)計方法進行驗證。仿真結(jié)果顯示,采用該優(yōu)化方法進行聲屏障聲學(xué)設(shè)計,受聲區(qū)域晝、夜間等效聲壓級及峰值噪聲均能滿足聲環(huán)境質(zhì)量標準。通過Raynoise對聲屏障降噪問題的仿真,可為研究聲屏障優(yōu)化設(shè)計控制交通噪聲提供參考。
[Abstract]:At present, the road traffic noise has brought serious influence to the life of the residents along the road. The construction of the noise barrier beside the road is the main measure to control the traffic noise, but the high construction cost of the noise barrier restricts its wide application. In addition, vehicle driving noise has Doppler effect, which makes acoustic design of noise barrier more complicated. In order to make the design of sound barrier parameters more reasonable and reduce the construction cost of noise barrier, it is necessary to further study the Doppler effect of vehicle driving noise and the optimization method of sound barrier. According to the principle of Doppler effect and acoustic theory, the influence of Doppler effect of vehicle driving noise on the sound pressure level at the sound point is studied. Based on the study of the relationship between Doppler frequency shift and vehicle driving parameters, the vehicle driving noise model with Doppler effect is established. Based on the model, the influence factors of vehicle noise Doppler effect on the sound pressure level at the sound point are analyzed. The results show that the variation of A weighted frequency response and sound pressure level caused by Doppler frequency shift is the main factor leading to the difference of sound pressure level between the sound points when the vehicle is heading in front of the vehicle and moving away from the sound point. The higher the speed, the more obvious the effect of Doppler effect on the sound pressure level at the sound point. It is calculated that the light vehicle will come and go at 120 km/h, 2.3 dB (A), higher than the sound pressure level at the point of departure. Heavy vehicles drive back and forth at 70 km/h, 1.5 dB (A). Higher than the sound pressure level at the point of sound when driving away The optimal design method of noise barrier based on Doppler effect of vehicle noise is studied. By considering the effective length of traffic flow and considering the day and night traffic noise source as the line sound source and the point sound source, the traffic noise prediction model is more in line with the actual traffic situation. Taking the construction position of sound barrier, the height of sound barrier and the extension length of sound barrier at and off the end of vehicle as design variables, taking the construction cost of sound barrier as objective function, the geometric parameters of sound barrier and the noise index of sound region are taken as constraint conditions. The optimal design of noise barrier based on Doppler effect of vehicle noise is carried out. The research shows that compared with the traditional method in the design code of the noise barrier, the design cost of the sound barrier can be reduced by 5.13g by using the optimization method. The acoustic simulation software Raynoise is used to validate the optimal design method of noise barrier based on the Doppler effect of vehicle noise. The acoustic simulation model is established by simulating the traffic flow, the Doppler effect of vehicle noise, the noise barrier and other sound environments. The noise reduction effect of the noise barrier in the simulation environment is calculated, and the optimization design method of the noise barrier is verified. The simulation results show that the acoustic design of acoustic barrier using this optimization method can meet the sound environmental quality standards in the daytime, nocturnal equivalent sound pressure level and peak noise. The simulation of noise reduction of noise barrier by Raynoise can provide a reference for studying the optimal design of noise barrier and controlling traffic noise.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.91;U417
本文編號：2383305
[Abstract]:At present, the road traffic noise has brought serious influence to the life of the residents along the road. The construction of the noise barrier beside the road is the main measure to control the traffic noise, but the high construction cost of the noise barrier restricts its wide application. In addition, vehicle driving noise has Doppler effect, which makes acoustic design of noise barrier more complicated. In order to make the design of sound barrier parameters more reasonable and reduce the construction cost of noise barrier, it is necessary to further study the Doppler effect of vehicle driving noise and the optimization method of sound barrier. According to the principle of Doppler effect and acoustic theory, the influence of Doppler effect of vehicle driving noise on the sound pressure level at the sound point is studied. Based on the study of the relationship between Doppler frequency shift and vehicle driving parameters, the vehicle driving noise model with Doppler effect is established. Based on the model, the influence factors of vehicle noise Doppler effect on the sound pressure level at the sound point are analyzed. The results show that the variation of A weighted frequency response and sound pressure level caused by Doppler frequency shift is the main factor leading to the difference of sound pressure level between the sound points when the vehicle is heading in front of the vehicle and moving away from the sound point. The higher the speed, the more obvious the effect of Doppler effect on the sound pressure level at the sound point. It is calculated that the light vehicle will come and go at 120 km/h, 2.3 dB (A), higher than the sound pressure level at the point of departure. Heavy vehicles drive back and forth at 70 km/h, 1.5 dB (A). Higher than the sound pressure level at the point of sound when driving away The optimal design method of noise barrier based on Doppler effect of vehicle noise is studied. By considering the effective length of traffic flow and considering the day and night traffic noise source as the line sound source and the point sound source, the traffic noise prediction model is more in line with the actual traffic situation. Taking the construction position of sound barrier, the height of sound barrier and the extension length of sound barrier at and off the end of vehicle as design variables, taking the construction cost of sound barrier as objective function, the geometric parameters of sound barrier and the noise index of sound region are taken as constraint conditions. The optimal design of noise barrier based on Doppler effect of vehicle noise is carried out. The research shows that compared with the traditional method in the design code of the noise barrier, the design cost of the sound barrier can be reduced by 5.13g by using the optimization method. The acoustic simulation software Raynoise is used to validate the optimal design method of noise barrier based on the Doppler effect of vehicle noise. The acoustic simulation model is established by simulating the traffic flow, the Doppler effect of vehicle noise, the noise barrier and other sound environments. The noise reduction effect of the noise barrier in the simulation environment is calculated, and the optimization design method of the noise barrier is verified. The simulation results show that the acoustic design of acoustic barrier using this optimization method can meet the sound environmental quality standards in the daytime, nocturnal equivalent sound pressure level and peak noise. The simulation of noise reduction of noise barrier by Raynoise can provide a reference for studying the optimal design of noise barrier and controlling traffic noise.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.91;U417
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