【摘要】：本文對(duì)應(yīng)用較廣的盾構(gòu)法和頂管法隧道施工技術(shù)和應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了介紹,在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)以螺旋向土中旋轉(zhuǎn)來提供前行拉力的新型隧道掘進(jìn)機(jī)的現(xiàn)場行進(jìn)進(jìn)行了研究。本著實(shí)踐創(chuàng)造理論,理論指導(dǎo)實(shí)踐的科學(xué)原則。對(duì)前期進(jìn)行的螺旋牽拉力試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行分析,建立螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)與土體相互作用的理論模型,以摩爾-庫倫理論為基礎(chǔ),采用對(duì)剪切面積分的方法推導(dǎo)螺旋的極限拉力計(jì)算公式。并據(jù)此結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的掘進(jìn)機(jī)阻力計(jì)算公式確定了掘進(jìn)機(jī)在幾種不同土層中的自行進(jìn)可行性,為后期掘進(jìn)機(jī)的現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)提供理論指導(dǎo)和支持。按照前期理論計(jì)算結(jié)果完成掘進(jìn)機(jī)的螺旋選型,在掘進(jìn)機(jī)內(nèi)部布設(shè)拉力傳感器及壓力傳感器,對(duì)掘進(jìn)機(jī)在前行過程中螺旋所提供的牽拉力進(jìn)行量測,完成螺旋與土體之間相互作用及掘進(jìn)機(jī)受到的摩擦阻力的分析研究。通過安裝于伺服電機(jī)上的扭矩傳感器,對(duì)螺旋在土中旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)受到的扭矩進(jìn)行量測,完成對(duì)螺旋行進(jìn)狀態(tài)的分析研究。通過對(duì)螺旋牽拉自行進(jìn)式掘進(jìn)機(jī)行進(jìn)過程中遇到的各類問題的分析和解決,最終完成了掘進(jìn)機(jī)的現(xiàn)場行進(jìn)試驗(yàn)。通過試驗(yàn)研究和分析,得出結(jié)論如下:1掘進(jìn)機(jī)的螺旋:(1)扁截面螺旋破壞時(shí)為整體剪切面的破壞,圓截面螺旋破壞時(shí)剪切面會(huì)逐個(gè)螺距的破壞,屬于各個(gè)擊破。所以扁截面螺旋所能提供的極限牽拉力較圓截面螺旋大。(2)試驗(yàn)中初始使用的同向螺旋會(huì)對(duì)掘進(jìn)機(jī)產(chǎn)生附加的扭矩,使掘進(jìn)機(jī)發(fā)生旋轉(zhuǎn)。因此采用正反螺旋才能保證掘進(jìn)機(jī)的順利行進(jìn)。(3)對(duì)粘性土質(zhì),圓柱上纏繞螺旋在向土中旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)可以預(yù)先起到加密土體的作用,增大螺旋與土體之間作用的剪切力且可以提高螺旋剛度。2掘進(jìn)機(jī)的自行進(jìn)研究:(1)以摩爾-庫倫破壞理論為基礎(chǔ),采用積分的方法得出螺旋極限牽拉力的公式可以用于螺旋牽拉自行進(jìn)式掘進(jìn)機(jī)的極限牽拉力計(jì)算。(2)通過計(jì)算可以得出試驗(yàn)時(shí)所采用的螺旋規(guī)格和參數(shù),在采用10個(gè)有效螺距的情況下,能完全滿足螺旋牽拉自行進(jìn)式掘進(jìn)機(jī)在粉土和粉質(zhì)粘土中自行走的要求。(3)計(jì)算和試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,螺旋牽拉力在粉土、粉質(zhì)粘土中較砂性土中大。(4)計(jì)算得到螺旋牽拉力在砂土中不能滿足牽拉自身前行的要求。但可以考慮采取在砂性土層中采取諸如螺旋前方注漿等先行土體補(bǔ)強(qiáng)措施,實(shí)現(xiàn)掘進(jìn)機(jī)在砂土中的自行進(jìn)。(5)從根本上改變了掘進(jìn)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)理念,破除了傳統(tǒng)的把土當(dāng)作制約掘進(jìn)機(jī)前行的“敵人”,采用了“化敵(土)為友,為我所用”的新型理念。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the tunnel construction technology and current application status of shield and pipe jacking method are introduced. Based on this, the field travel of a new type of tunnel tunneling machine with spiral rotation in soil to provide forward pulling force is studied. In the light of the theory of practical creation, the theory guides the scientific principle of practice. The theoretical model of the interaction between the helical structure and the soil is established by analyzing the helical retraction test carried out in the early stage. Based on the Mohr-Coulomb theory, the calculation formula of the ultimate tensile force of the helix is derived by the method of shear area division. Based on the existing formulas of roadheader resistance calculation, the self-advancing feasibility of roadheader in several different soil layers is determined, which provides theoretical guidance and support for the field test of roadheader in the later stage. According to the results of previous theoretical calculation, the screw type selection of the roadheader is completed, and the tension sensors and pressure sensors are arranged inside the roadheader to measure the pulling force provided by the roadheader in the process of moving forward. The interaction between spiral and soil and friction resistance of roadheader are studied. Through the torque sensor installed on the servo motor, the torque of the screw rotating in the soil is measured, and the analysis and research of the spiral traveling state are completed. Through the analysis and solution of all kinds of problems encountered in the traveling process of the self-propelled roadheader with helical traction, the field traveling test of the roadheader is finally completed. Through experimental study and analysis, the conclusions are as follows: (1) the spiral of the roadheader is the failure of the whole shear plane when the spiral of the flat section is destroyed, and the shear plane will destroy one by one when the spiral of the circular section is broken, which belongs to each of them. Therefore, the limit pull force provided by flat section spiral is larger than that of round section spiral. (2) the initial coaxial helix used in the test will produce additional torque to the roadheader and make the roadheader rotate. Therefore, the use of positive and negative spirals can ensure the smooth progress of the roadheader. (3) for the viscous soil, the spiral winding on the cylinder can play the role of infill the soil in advance when it rotates into the soil. Increasing the shear force between the screw and the soil and increasing the helical stiffness. 2 the self-advancing research of the roadheader: (1) based on the Mohr-Coulomb failure theory, The formula of the helical limit pulling force can be used to calculate the limit pull force of the self-propelled roadheader with spiral traction by integral method. (2) the helical specifications and parameters used in the test can be obtained by calculation. Under the condition of 10 effective pitch, it can fully meet the requirement of self-running of the self-propelled roadheader in silt and silty clay. (3) the calculation and test results show that the helical traction force is in silt. The results show that the spiral pulling force in sandy soil can not meet the requirements of pulling itself. However, we can consider taking measures to strengthen the soil in sand soil, such as grouting in front of the spiral, so as to realize the self-improvement of the roadheader in the sand. (5) the design concept of the roadheader has been fundamentally changed. In addition to the traditional "enemy" that restricts the roadheader, it adopts the new idea of "turning the enemy (earth) into a friend and using it for me".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U455.31

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