【摘要】：隨著城市建設(shè)的發(fā)展和地下空間的開發(fā),大型水下盾構(gòu)隧道正朝著超長、大斷面、高水壓和地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜的方向發(fā)展,這對盾構(gòu)隧道的抗震研究提出了更高的要求和挑戰(zhàn)。然而,過去人們普遍認(rèn)為,地下結(jié)構(gòu)受周圍土體約束,較難受到地震災(zāi)害的影響,導(dǎo)致地下結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震研究嚴(yán)重滯后于地上結(jié)構(gòu)。盾構(gòu)隧道作為地下結(jié)構(gòu)的重要組成部分,其整體縱向抗震的研究相對較少,且大型盾構(gòu)法隧道結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)尚未真正經(jīng)受強(qiáng)震作用的考驗。為保障高烈度區(qū)大型盾構(gòu)法隧道的安全,探索新型有效的隧道抗震、減震措施十分有必要。本文依托某大型水下盾構(gòu)隧道工程,結(jié)合盾構(gòu)隧道縱向抗震相關(guān)理論,建立能反映盾構(gòu)隧道整體縱向受力特性的有限元模型,分析結(jié)構(gòu)在地震作用下的動力響應(yīng);針對隧道沿縱向土層變換處,環(huán)縫接頭張開量超過防水限值的情況,提出了一種“啞鈴式”形狀記憶合金(SMA)柔性減震節(jié)點,布置于盾構(gòu)隧道管環(huán)薄弱位置,并開展一系列不同SMA材料形式的力學(xué)性能試驗,探討SMA柔性減震節(jié)點用于隧道的可行性。具體研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)歸納、總結(jié)盾構(gòu)隧道縱向抗震計算常見的分析模型和分析方法,對不同分析模型和分析方法優(yōu)缺點、適用條件進(jìn)行對比,并給出隧道接頭彈簧參數(shù)的計算方法;通過總結(jié)地震動參數(shù)確定方法和人工合成地震波相關(guān)理論,以及ANSYS/LS-DYNA的無反射邊界理論,確定可以采用時域法生成譜擬合人工地震波及得到粘性人工邊界,為后續(xù)隧道縱向抗震奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。(2)依托某大型水下盾構(gòu)隧道工程,采用梁-彈簧模型理論,利用ABAQUS軟件,建立盾構(gòu)隧道整體縱向有限元模型;基于經(jīng)典廣義反應(yīng)位移法及無反射邊界(non-reflecting boundary)理論,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA軟件,建立隧道位置處土體三維有限元模型,分析得到土體的位移時程響應(yīng),并將該位移響應(yīng)通過地層彈簧賦予盾構(gòu)隧道縱向梁-彈簧模型;進(jìn)而對在不同地震波作用下的盾構(gòu)隧道進(jìn)行整體縱向地震響應(yīng)分析。(3)盾構(gòu)隧道縱向地震響應(yīng)分析表明,隧道沿縱向土層變換處,環(huán)縫接頭張開量超過防水限值�；诖藛栴},本文提出了一種“啞鈴式”形狀記憶合金柔性盾構(gòu)隧道減震節(jié)點,結(jié)合局部接頭螺栓加強(qiáng),對隧道結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行減震效果分析,效果良好。為考查這種SMA柔性減震節(jié)點的工程使用可行性,本文開展了一系列不同形式的SMA力學(xué)性能試驗,包括SMA絲、棒、絞線和不同形式板材,通過對比分析其主要力學(xué)性能指標(biāo),選擇SMA直實心板作為工程可實施應(yīng)用對象。實際SMA性能結(jié)果的減震計算也顯示了較好的減震效果,從而為SMA柔性減震節(jié)點應(yīng)用于隧道工程項目,提供了有效的參考和依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of urban construction and the development of underground space, large underwater shield tunnel is developing towards the direction of super long, large section, high water pressure and complex geological conditions, which puts forward higher requirements and challenges to the seismic research of shield tunnel. However, in the past, it was generally believed that the underground structure is restricted by the surrounding soil, so it is difficult to be affected by the earthquake disaster, resulting in the seismic research of the underground structure lagging behind the ground structure seriously. As an important part of underground structure, the longitudinal seismic research of shield tunnel is relatively few, and the large shield tunnel structure system has not really withstood the test of strong earthquake. In order to ensure the safety of large shield tunneling in high intensity area, it is necessary to explore new and effective aseismic tunnel. In this paper, based on a large underwater shield tunnel project, a finite element model which can reflect the longitudinal stress characteristics of shield tunnel is established, and the dynamic response of the structure under earthquake is analyzed by combining the longitudinal seismic theory of shield tunnel. In view of the situation that the opening capacity of the ring joint exceeds the waterproof limit, a "dumbbell" shape memory alloy (SMA) flexible damping joint is proposed, which is arranged in the weak position of the tube ring of the shield tunnel. A series of mechanical properties tests of different SMA materials were carried out to discuss the feasibility of using SMA flexible damping joints in tunnels. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) summing up the common analysis models and methods of longitudinal seismic calculation of shield tunnel, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different analysis models and analysis methods, and the applicable conditions. The calculation method of spring parameters of tunnel joint is given. By summing up the method of determining parameters of ground motion and the theory of synthetic seismic wave and ANSYS/LS-DYNA 's theory of non-reflection boundary, it is determined that the artificial seismic boundary can be obtained by using time-domain method to generate spectrum fitting artificial seismic wave. It lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent longitudinal seismic resistance of the tunnel. (2) based on a large underwater shield tunnel project, the whole longitudinal finite element model of shield tunnel is established by using the beam-spring model theory and ABAQUS software. Based on the classical generalized response displacement method and the theory of non-reflective boundary (non-reflecting boundary), the three-dimensional finite element model of soil mass at tunnel location is established by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, and the displacement time-history response of soil is obtained. The displacement response is given to the longitudinal beam-spring model of shield tunnel through the ground spring. Then the longitudinal seismic response of shield tunnel under different seismic waves is analyzed. (3) the longitudinal seismic response analysis of shield tunnel shows that the opening quantity of ring joint exceeds the waterproof limit value. Based on this problem, a kind of "dumbbell" shape memory alloy flexible shield tunnel damping joint is proposed in this paper. In order to test the engineering feasibility of the SMA flexible damping joint, a series of different kinds of SMA mechanical properties tests were carried out, including SMA wire, bar, stranded wire and different forms of plate. The main mechanical performance indexes were compared and analyzed. SMA solid board is chosen as the object of engineering application. The calculation of the actual SMA performance results also shows a good damping effect, which provides an effective reference and basis for the application of SMA flexible damping joints in tunnel projects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U459.5;U452.28

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本文編號：2299235