圬工橋加固優(yōu)化及穩(wěn)定性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-21 15:28
【摘要】：圬工橋在我國存在非常普遍,在70年代以前,我國的橋梁大多都是圬工橋�，F(xiàn)在隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,橋梁運(yùn)營載荷的不斷增加,自然環(huán)境的不斷影響,地震等自然災(zāi)害的破壞等,現(xiàn)存的圬工橋目前普遍存在著承載力不足等現(xiàn)象,甚至有的圬工橋損壞程度過大直至坍塌。因此對圬工橋進(jìn)行承載力以及抗震的研究有非常重要的意義,對圬工橋進(jìn)行加固優(yōu)化研究能為損壞橋梁的加固設(shè)計(jì)提供有價(jià)值的參考依據(jù)。在圬工橋的靜力分析方面,本文主要對圬工橋的缺陷影響,洪水沖擊影響以及極限承載力方面做了詳細(xì)的分析研究。通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)圬工橋的缺陷位于拱腳內(nèi)部時(shí)對結(jié)構(gòu)影響最大,缺陷處出現(xiàn)應(yīng)力集中,應(yīng)力增大40%左右,因此要堅(jiān)決避免此類缺陷出現(xiàn),設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)可以考慮把拱設(shè)計(jì)成中間薄兩端厚的變截面形式。在洪水作用下圬工橋接受沖擊的一側(cè)應(yīng)力減小50%左右,另一側(cè)應(yīng)力增大6%左右,因此設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)要加強(qiáng)接受洪水沖擊一側(cè)的結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度。本文通過對圬工橋進(jìn)行幾何非線性以及幾何材料雙重非線性分析發(fā)現(xiàn),圬工橋在雙重非線性下的極限活荷載系數(shù)是只考慮幾何非線性情況下的1/3左右,雙重非線性下的結(jié)果要與實(shí)際情況更為接近,也更為準(zhǔn)確。經(jīng)過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),橋梁荷載橫向布置為偏載時(shí),圬工橋的極限活荷載系數(shù)要比中載時(shí)小4%左右,這說明圬工橋在偏載作用下結(jié)構(gòu)更為不利。在經(jīng)過不同的加固后,圬工橋結(jié)構(gòu)得到了明顯的改善,正常最大位移減小20%左右,極限最大位移減小30%左右。在不同的加固方法中,加肋加固法不僅能節(jié)約材料還能有效加固,是最為理想的加固方法。在圬工橋的動力分析方面,本文主要對加固前后的圬工橋進(jìn)行了不同地震波作用下的地震響應(yīng)分析。經(jīng)過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在不同地震作用下,加固前后圬工橋在橫橋方向比較穩(wěn)定,位移變化僅8%左右;而順橋向和豎向的位移變化相當(dāng)劇烈10%~30%不等,說明在進(jìn)行抗震加固設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),要加強(qiáng)順橋向與豎向的抗震設(shè)計(jì);所有地震作用下的應(yīng)力減小變化不大,均在13%左右,這說明加固能夠使圬工橋很好地抵抗地震應(yīng)力的產(chǎn)生,能在地震過程中起到很好的抗震作用。
[Abstract]:Masonry bridges are very common in China. Before 1970s, most of them were masonry bridges. Now with the continuous development of economy, the continuous increase of bridge operation load, the unceasing influence of natural environment, the destruction of natural disasters such as earthquake, the existing masonry bridges are generally lack of bearing capacity and so on. Even some masonry bridges are too damaged to collapse. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the bearing capacity and seismic resistance of masonry bridges. The study of strengthening and optimization of masonry bridges can provide valuable reference for the strengthening design of damaged bridges. In the aspect of static analysis of masonry bridge, the influence of defects, flood impact and ultimate bearing capacity of masonry bridge are studied in detail in this paper. It is found that when the defects of the masonry bridge are located inside the arch foot, they have the greatest influence on the structure, and the stress concentration appears in the defects, and the stress increases by about 40%. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the occurrence of such defects. In design, the arch can be designed as a variable cross section with thin intermediate ends. Under the action of flood, the stress on one side of the bridge is reduced by about 50%, and the stress on the other side is increased by about 6%. By analyzing the geometric nonlinearity of masonry bridge and the double nonlinearity of geometric material, it is found in this paper that the ultimate live load coefficient of masonry bridge under double nonlinearity is about one third of that in the case of geometric nonlinearity. The results under double nonlinearity should be closer to the actual situation and more accurate. It is found that the ultimate live load coefficient of the masonry bridge is about 4% less than that of the middle load when the bridge load is arranged laterally, which indicates that the structure of the masonry bridge is more unfavorable under the eccentric load. After different reinforcement, the structure of masonry bridge is obviously improved, the normal maximum displacement is reduced by about 20%, and the ultimate maximum displacement is reduced by about 30%. Among the different reinforcement methods, the ribbed reinforcement method can not only save materials but also reinforce effectively, so it is the most ideal reinforcement method. In the aspect of dynamic analysis of masonry bridges, the seismic responses of masonry bridges before and after strengthening are analyzed under different seismic waves. It is found that under different earthquake conditions, masonry bridges before and after strengthening are relatively stable in the direction of the transverse bridge, and the displacement changes are only about 8%, while the displacement along the bridge and the vertical direction range from 10% to 30%, indicating that in the design of seismic reinforcement, It is necessary to strengthen the seismic design along the bridge direction and vertical direction; the stress decreases little under all earthquakes, and is about 13%, which shows that the reinforcement can make the masonry bridge resist the occurrence of earthquake stress very well. Can play a very good seismic action in the earthquake process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U445.72
本文編號：2285529
[Abstract]:Masonry bridges are very common in China. Before 1970s, most of them were masonry bridges. Now with the continuous development of economy, the continuous increase of bridge operation load, the unceasing influence of natural environment, the destruction of natural disasters such as earthquake, the existing masonry bridges are generally lack of bearing capacity and so on. Even some masonry bridges are too damaged to collapse. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the bearing capacity and seismic resistance of masonry bridges. The study of strengthening and optimization of masonry bridges can provide valuable reference for the strengthening design of damaged bridges. In the aspect of static analysis of masonry bridge, the influence of defects, flood impact and ultimate bearing capacity of masonry bridge are studied in detail in this paper. It is found that when the defects of the masonry bridge are located inside the arch foot, they have the greatest influence on the structure, and the stress concentration appears in the defects, and the stress increases by about 40%. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the occurrence of such defects. In design, the arch can be designed as a variable cross section with thin intermediate ends. Under the action of flood, the stress on one side of the bridge is reduced by about 50%, and the stress on the other side is increased by about 6%. By analyzing the geometric nonlinearity of masonry bridge and the double nonlinearity of geometric material, it is found in this paper that the ultimate live load coefficient of masonry bridge under double nonlinearity is about one third of that in the case of geometric nonlinearity. The results under double nonlinearity should be closer to the actual situation and more accurate. It is found that the ultimate live load coefficient of the masonry bridge is about 4% less than that of the middle load when the bridge load is arranged laterally, which indicates that the structure of the masonry bridge is more unfavorable under the eccentric load. After different reinforcement, the structure of masonry bridge is obviously improved, the normal maximum displacement is reduced by about 20%, and the ultimate maximum displacement is reduced by about 30%. Among the different reinforcement methods, the ribbed reinforcement method can not only save materials but also reinforce effectively, so it is the most ideal reinforcement method. In the aspect of dynamic analysis of masonry bridges, the seismic responses of masonry bridges before and after strengthening are analyzed under different seismic waves. It is found that under different earthquake conditions, masonry bridges before and after strengthening are relatively stable in the direction of the transverse bridge, and the displacement changes are only about 8%, while the displacement along the bridge and the vertical direction range from 10% to 30%, indicating that in the design of seismic reinforcement, It is necessary to strengthen the seismic design along the bridge direction and vertical direction; the stress decreases little under all earthquakes, and is about 13%, which shows that the reinforcement can make the masonry bridge resist the occurrence of earthquake stress very well. Can play a very good seismic action in the earthquake process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U445.72
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