【摘要】：隧道圍巖的應(yīng)力分布是隧道穩(wěn)定性分析的基礎(chǔ),對應(yīng)力分布做出正確的計算關(guān)系到整個隧道的施工期及持久性的安全。以往應(yīng)力分布計算中的屈服準(zhǔn)則存在一定局限性,因此,利用準(zhǔn)確完善的隧道三維屈服準(zhǔn)則計算圍巖的應(yīng)力分布情況,具有重要工程意義;時間本身就是影響隧道應(yīng)力分布的重要因素,而應(yīng)力松弛效應(yīng)是應(yīng)力在時間軸上的具體表現(xiàn),應(yīng)力松弛是巖體流變研究的一個重要的組成部分,但由于要完成應(yīng)力松弛實驗需要極為嚴(yán)格的條件,因此實現(xiàn)難度非常大,研究也相對較少。同時應(yīng)力松弛的理論研究尚不充分,還需更多的理論性工作來揭示其實質(zhì)。本文針對隧道開挖初期圍巖的應(yīng)力重分布及長期流變作用下的應(yīng)力松弛效應(yīng),提出了基于GZZ準(zhǔn)則三維非線性隧洞應(yīng)力分布計算,并在此基礎(chǔ)上加入時間因素,建立計算模型,對隧道圍巖的應(yīng)力松弛行為進(jìn)行了研究,通過收集前人資料、理論分析推導(dǎo)及數(shù)值計算,實現(xiàn)了上述研究內(nèi)容,并討論其參數(shù)的確定方法,進(jìn)行了塑性區(qū)圍巖的應(yīng)變計算及擴(kuò)容和滲流力影響下的應(yīng)力分布計算,計算了長期流變情況下的黏彈塑性圍巖應(yīng)力松弛的具體特征。此研究可以為隧道的穩(wěn)定性設(shè)計提供參考,為工程施工提供一定的科學(xué)指導(dǎo)。本文的主要工作包括:1.對巖土類非線性破壞準(zhǔn)則以及其在工程中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了相關(guān)介紹。并介紹了適用于隧道圍巖的應(yīng)力松弛模型及方程。2.基于三維非線性的GZZ準(zhǔn)則對軸對稱隧道的塑性區(qū)應(yīng)力分布進(jìn)行理論推導(dǎo),并利用MATLAB編寫有限差分程序?qū)Ω唠A微分方程進(jìn)行計算。3.對考慮擴(kuò)容,內(nèi)摩擦角,滲流力等因素的隧道圍巖進(jìn)行了基于GZZ準(zhǔn)則的應(yīng)力分布推導(dǎo)計算。4.利用彈塑性應(yīng)力分布的計算結(jié)果作為流變的初始應(yīng)力場,圍繞西原模型建立起隧洞黏彈塑性圍巖應(yīng)力松弛的理論計算模型,并考慮空間開挖面效應(yīng)的影響,得到了與實際隧洞受力更相符的應(yīng)力松弛結(jié)果�？茖W(xué)地討論了流變模型的各個參數(shù)對圍巖應(yīng)力松弛的影響,并將理論計算與數(shù)值計算結(jié)果相對照,二者差別很小,說明了理論計算的正確性,可為工程實踐提供參考。
[Abstract]:The stress distribution of tunnel surrounding rock is the foundation of tunnel stability analysis. The correct calculation of the stress distribution is related to the safety of the whole tunnel during the construction period and the durability. The yield criterion used in stress distribution calculation in the past has some limitations. Therefore, it is of great engineering significance to calculate the stress distribution of surrounding rock by using the accurate and perfect three-dimensional yield criterion of tunnel. Time itself is an important factor affecting the stress distribution of tunnel, and stress relaxation effect is the concrete expression of stress on the time axis, and stress relaxation is an important part of the study of rock mass rheology. However, it is very difficult to complete the stress relaxation experiment and the research is relatively few. At the same time, the theoretical study of stress relaxation is not enough, and more theoretical work is needed to reveal its essence. Aiming at the stress redistribution of surrounding rock in the early stage of tunnel excavation and the stress relaxation effect under the effect of long-term rheology, a three-dimensional nonlinear tunnel stress distribution calculation based on GZZ criterion is proposed in this paper. Based on the calculation model, time factors are added to the calculation model. The stress relaxation behavior of surrounding rock of tunnel is studied. By collecting the previous data, theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, the above research contents are realized, and the method of determining the parameters is discussed. The strain calculation of the surrounding rock in plastic zone and the stress distribution under the influence of dilatancy and seepage force are carried out, and the specific characteristics of stress relaxation of viscoelastic-plastic surrounding rock under the condition of long-term rheology are calculated. This study can provide reference for the stability design of tunnel and scientific guidance for engineering construction. The main work of this paper includes: 1. The nonlinear failure criterion of rock and soil and its application in engineering are introduced. The stress relaxation model and equation for surrounding rock of tunnel are introduced. 2. Based on the three-dimensional nonlinear GZZ criterion, the plastic zone stress distribution of axisymmetric tunnel is derived theoretically, and the finite difference program written by MATLAB is used to calculate the higher order differential equation. The stress distribution of surrounding rock of tunnel based on GZZ criterion is deduced and calculated considering factors such as expansion, angle of internal friction and seepage force. 4. Using the result of elastic-plastic stress distribution as the initial stress field of rheology, the theoretical calculation model of stress relaxation of tunnel viscoelastic-plastic surrounding rock is established around the Xiyuan model, and the influence of spatial excavating surface effect is considered. The stress relaxation results are more consistent with the actual tunnel stress. The influence of various parameters of rheological model on stress relaxation of surrounding rock is discussed scientifically. The difference between theoretical calculation and numerical calculation is very small, which shows that the theoretical calculation is correct and can be used as a reference for engineering practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U451

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