【摘要】：危險貨物作為一種特種貨物,在其運輸過程中,容易發(fā)生事故,造成人身傷亡、財產(chǎn)毀損和環(huán)境污染,因此,為了保障人民生命財產(chǎn)安全,保護生態(tài)環(huán)境,維護危險貨物運輸各方當事人的合法權(quán)益,必須準確合理的選擇危險貨物運輸路線,采取相應(yīng)的防護措施,確保危險貨物安全、迅速、經(jīng)濟及便利地運達運輸目的地,這樣才能減少危險貨物運輸事故,降低事故造成的財產(chǎn)損失,提高危險貨物運輸?shù)陌踩院托�。本文以危險貨物道路運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化為研究對象,首先,在應(yīng)急救援機構(gòu)應(yīng)急能力可靠度分析的基礎(chǔ)上,定義了危險貨物運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急能力可靠度,以分段函數(shù)為基礎(chǔ)構(gòu)建了危險貨物運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的節(jié)點和路段的應(yīng)急能力可靠度的計算模型,并建立了考慮危險貨物種類的風險模型;然后,結(jié)合危險貨物運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)急能力可靠度模型和風險模型,構(gòu)建了風險確定的危險貨物運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)多目標雙層規(guī)劃模型,其中,上層模型以應(yīng)急能力可靠度、風險和時間為優(yōu)化目標,下層模型采用用戶均衡模型,在多目標遺傳算法和交通分配算法的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計了雙層規(guī)劃模型求解算法,并進行了案例研究和結(jié)果分析;再次,建立了風險不確定的危險貨物運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)魯棒雙層規(guī)劃模型,上層模型以應(yīng)急能力可靠度、風險和時間為優(yōu)化目標,下層模型采用用戶均衡模型,設(shè)計了雙層規(guī)劃模型求解算法,并進行了案例研究和結(jié)果分析;最后,建立了OD需求不確定的危險貨物運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)魯棒雙層規(guī)劃模型,上層模型以應(yīng)急能力可靠度、風險和時間為優(yōu)化目標,下層模型采用用戶均衡模型,設(shè)計了雙層規(guī)劃模型求解算法,并進行了案例研究和結(jié)果分析。研究結(jié)果表明,本論文中分別設(shè)計的風險確定的危險貨物運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)多目標雙層規(guī)劃模型,風險不確定的危險貨物運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)魯棒雙層規(guī)劃模型和OD需求不確定的危險貨物運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)魯棒雙層規(guī)劃模型對危險貨物運輸?shù)臎Q策者科學(xué)合理選擇危險貨物運輸路徑,提高危險貨物運輸?shù)陌踩煽啃?降低危險貨物的運輸風險,提高運輸效率等方面具有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:As a kind of special goods, dangerous goods are prone to accidents in the course of transportation, resulting in personal casualties, property damage and environmental pollution. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of people's lives and property and to protect the ecological environment, In order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties involved in the transport of dangerous goods, it is necessary to select the route of transport of dangerous goods accurately and reasonably, and take appropriate protective measures to ensure the safe, rapid, economical and convenient transportation of dangerous goods to the transport destination, Only in this way can the transportation accidents of dangerous goods be reduced, the property loss caused by the accidents be reduced, and the safety and efficiency of dangerous goods transportation be improved. In this paper, the optimization of road transport network of dangerous goods is taken as the research object. Firstly, based on the analysis of the reliability of emergency response capacity of emergency relief agencies, the reliability of emergency response capacity of dangerous goods transportation network is defined. Based on the piecewise function, the reliability model of the node and section of dangerous goods transportation network is built, and the risk model considering the type of dangerous goods is established. Combined with the emergency capability reliability model and risk model of dangerous goods transportation network, a multi-objective bilevel programming model of dangerous goods transportation network is constructed, in which the upper layer model is based on the reliability of emergency capability. Risk and time are the optimization objectives. The lower level model adopts user equilibrium model. Based on the multi-objective genetic algorithm and traffic assignment algorithm, the two-level programming model solution algorithm is designed, and the case study and result analysis are carried out. Thirdly, The robust bilevel programming model of dangerous goods transportation network with uncertain risk is established. The upper layer model takes the reliability, risk and time of emergency response as the optimization objective, and the lower level model adopts the user equilibrium model, and designs a bilevel programming model solving algorithm. Finally, the robust bilevel programming model of dangerous goods transportation network with uncertain OD requirements is established. The upper level model is based on the reliability, risk and time of emergency response. The lower level model adopts the user equilibrium model, designs the algorithm of solving the bilevel programming model, and carries on the case study and the result analysis. The results show that the multi-objective bilevel programming model for risk determination of dangerous goods transportation network is designed in this paper. The robust bilevel programming model of dangerous goods transport network with uncertain risk and the robust bilevel programming model of dangerous goods transport network with uncertain OD requirements are scientific and reasonable for the decision makers of dangerous goods transportation. Improving the safety and reliability of dangerous goods transportation, reducing the transportation risk of dangerous goods and improving transportation efficiency have certain reference value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U492.336.3

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