【摘要】：目前路面冷銑刨切削以其較高的作業(yè)效率和作業(yè)質(zhì)量,已成為瀝青路面維護(hù)時清除原有路面的最主要方式。瀝青路面冷銑刨切削機理的研究對于瀝青路面冷銑刨理論和技術(shù)的發(fā)展、改進(jìn)銑刨機設(shè)計、提高銑刨機作業(yè)效率等,無疑具有根本性的意義。瀝青路面冷銑刨切削作業(yè)時刀具的運動方式與穩(wěn)定土拌合機、滾筒采煤機和隧道掘進(jìn)機同屬于旋轉(zhuǎn)切削,但是作業(yè)介質(zhì)和作業(yè)機理完全不同。故本文首先對比探討多種瀝青混凝土本構(gòu)模型,最后選定JC本構(gòu)模型來表征材料特性;其次,通過對銑刨轉(zhuǎn)子的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理進(jìn)行理論研究,推導(dǎo)出刀尖運動軌跡與刀具受力表達(dá)式,并利用MATLAB描述了不同速度下刀尖的運動軌跡與刀尖速度變化規(guī)律以及不同刀具參數(shù)對于切削力的變化規(guī)律;然后在ABAQUS軟件環(huán)境下對不同切削速度以及不同切削深度下的應(yīng)力與應(yīng)變、切削溫度以及能量損耗等方面能進(jìn)行多次模擬仿真,得到刀具刀尖處應(yīng)力集中,所受應(yīng)力最大,等效應(yīng)變隨速度影響較小,在1.5左右波動,這和采用的剪切失效準(zhǔn)則相關(guān);切削速度對于切削溫度有較為明顯的影響;得到切削溫度與切削深度變化規(guī)律,切削深度越深加劇了刀具的磨損,并且切屑帶走的熱量引起損傷能量增加;切削深度對于切削力有較為明顯的影響。故對切削速度與切削深度的合理深入研究是有一定必要性的。本文采用虛擬數(shù)值技術(shù)進(jìn)行實際作業(yè)過程的模擬,能夠在理想狀態(tài)下顧全材料特性,并可以了解整個切削路面的瞬時過程,得到的變化云圖與數(shù)據(jù)對實際工況具有一定參考意義。同時可以對作業(yè)機理的分析作出預(yù)測或驗證,對切削機理深入研究提出了新思路,而且仿真分析也對刀具的設(shè)計、材料選擇以及切削過程中的切削速度和切削深度選用上具有很大指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:At present, cold milling and cutting of pavement has become the most important way to clear the original pavement during the maintenance of asphalt pavement because of its high working efficiency and working quality. The research on the cutting mechanism of cold milling planing of asphalt pavement is undoubtedly of fundamental significance to the development of theory and technology of cold milling planing on asphalt pavement, improving the design of milling machine and improving the working efficiency of milling machine. The moving mode of the cutting tool in cold milling and cutting of asphalt pavement belongs to rotary cutting, but the working medium and working mechanism are completely different from those of the stable soil mixer, the drum shearer and the tunnel tunneling machine. In this paper, several kinds of constitutive models of asphalt concrete are compared and discussed. Finally, JC constitutive model is chosen to characterize the material characteristics. Secondly, the structure and working principle of milling planer rotor are studied theoretically. The expression of tool tip motion track and cutting tool force is deduced, and the change law of tool tip motion track and cutting tip velocity under different speed is described by MATLAB. The change law of cutting force under different cutting tool parameters is also described. Then the stress and strain at different cutting speed and depth, cutting temperature and energy loss can be simulated several times under the environment of ABAQUS software, and the stress concentration at the cutter tip is obtained, and the maximum stress is obtained. The equivalent strain fluctuates slightly with the velocity, which is related to the shear failure criterion adopted, the cutting speed has obvious influence on the cutting temperature, and the variation law of cutting temperature and depth is obtained. The deeper the cutting depth is, the more the tool wear is aggravated, and the damage energy is increased due to the heat taken away by the chip, and the cutting depth has an obvious effect on the cutting force. Therefore, it is necessary to study the cutting speed and depth. In this paper, the virtual numerical technique is used to simulate the actual operation process, which can take into account the characteristics of the material in ideal state, and can also understand the instantaneous process of the whole cutting road surface. The obtained cloud map and data have certain reference significance to the actual working conditions. At the same time, it can predict or verify the analysis of the working mechanism, put forward a new idea for the further study of the cutting mechanism, and simulate the design of the cutting tool. The selection of material and cutting speed and depth in cutting process is of great significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U416.217

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