【摘要】：港口航道通過能力的計算是沿海港口航道規(guī)劃建設的重要課題。確定一個科學、準確的計算分析方法能提高泊位裝卸效率,降低船舶待泊成本。然而港口航道通過能力的計算具有隨機因素多,船舶密度通常比較大,航道情況復雜多變等情況,因此采用傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)驗公式計算港口航道通過能力在準確性上還不成熟。本文引入排隊論和離散仿真思想能夠較真實、準確解決港口航道通過能力計算問題。首先,介紹排隊論相關基礎理論和計算公式,詳細闡述M/M/C排隊模型,對該模型中排隊系統(tǒng)平均到達率、服務機構服務率、平均隊長、平均等待隊長、顧客等待時間和逗留時間公式進行推導。同時介紹離散系統(tǒng)仿真理論,將上述排隊論計算指標用于港口航道仿真建模中。其次,仿真建模開始階段提出港口航道通過能力的概念并分析其影響因素,修正了航道容量計算公式,以便計算仿真過程服務臺數(shù)量。仿真實現(xiàn)階段重點分析船舶到港規(guī)律和船舶在泊停時規(guī)律,利用離散仿真軟件Rockwell Arena中的Input Analyzer驗證船舶平均到達率服從泊松分布,修正船舶在泊停時服從二階愛爾朗分布。然后,借助Arena軟件可視化交互集成的特性,將其中的流程模塊(Flowchart Module)、數(shù)據(jù)模塊(Data Module)、實體(Entity)數(shù)據(jù),隊列(Queue)數(shù)據(jù)和資源(Resource)數(shù)據(jù)依據(jù)港口航道作業(yè)系統(tǒng)邏輯圖構建港口航道通過能力仿真模型,分析船舶到達時間間隔,船舶等待時間,船舶等待長度以及泊位利用率,并通過MATLAB繪制它們之間的關系圖,為航道規(guī)劃、改擴建提供依據(jù)。最后,將構建的港口航道通過能力仿真模型在具體港口常熟港進行應用分析。同時計算出評價港口航道通過能力的各項參數(shù)和港口服務水平(AWT/AST),所建立的仿真模型可以實現(xiàn)動態(tài)的改變船舶到達規(guī)律,以期得到最佳航道容量和泊位利用率。并且模型輸出結果和港口實際統(tǒng)計資料對比,證明本文利用排隊論思想建立的仿真模型具有較好的真實性和準確性。
[Abstract]:The calculation of the passage capacity of the port channel is an important subject in the planning and construction of the coastal port channel. Determining a scientific and accurate calculation and analysis method can improve the berth handling efficiency and reduce the ship's waiting cost. However, the calculation of the passage capacity of the port channel has many random factors, such as the ship density is usually relatively large, the waterway situation is complex and changeable, so it is not mature to use the traditional empirical formula to calculate the passage capacity of the port channel. In this paper, the theory of queue and discrete simulation can be used to solve the problem of calculating the passing capacity of port and waterway accurately. First of all, the basic theory and calculation formula of queuing theory are introduced, and the M/C queuing model is described in detail. The average arrival rate of queuing system, service rate of service organization, average queue length, average waiting length in this model are discussed. The formula of customer waiting time and staying time is derived. At the same time, the theory of discrete system simulation is introduced, and the above calculation index of queuing theory is applied to the simulation modeling of port and waterway. Secondly, at the beginning of simulation modeling, the concept of port waterway passing capacity is put forward and its influence factors are analyzed, and the calculation formula of channel capacity is revised to calculate the number of service desks in the simulation process. In the stage of simulation, the law of ship arrival and the law of ship stopping at berth are analyzed, and the distribution of average arrival rate from Poisson is verified by Input Analyzer in the discrete simulation software Rockwell Arena, and the second order Erlang distribution is corrected. Then, with the help of the feature of visual interactive integration of Arena software, the process module, (Flowchart Module), data module, (Data Module), entity (Entity) data is used. According to the logic diagram of port channel operation system, the simulation model of port channel passing capacity is constructed by queue (Queue) data and resource (Resource) data, and the ship arrival time interval, ship waiting time, ship waiting length and berth utilization ratio are analyzed. The relationship between them is drawn by MATLAB, which provides the basis for channel planning, reconstruction and extension. Finally, the simulation model of port waterway capacity is applied to Changshu port. At the same time, the parameters and port service level (AWT/AST) are calculated to evaluate the passage capacity of the port channel. The simulation model can dynamically change the arrival rule of the ship, in order to obtain the optimal channel capacity and berth utilization ratio. The comparison between the model output and the port statistical data proves that the simulation model based on queuing theory is reliable and accurate.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U652;U697

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前3條

1 趙智幫;李鑫;;航道通過能力的計算方法[J];港工技術;2011年06期

2 朱俊;張瑋;;基于跟馳理論的內(nèi)河航道通過能力計算模型[J];交通運輸工程學報;2009年05期

3 周鵬飛;史瑞粉;魏曉曉;;港區(qū)航道系統(tǒng)綜合通過能力仿真建模研究[J];系統(tǒng)仿真學報;2013年06期

相關碩士學位論文 前5條

1 林莉君;基于仿真的蘇申內(nèi)港線航道通過能力分析[D];上海交通大學;2011年

2 陳琦;船舶進出港安全間距對沿海港口航道通過能力的影響[D];大連理工大學;2011年

3 田野;航道通過能力的研究與評定[D];大連海事大學;2002年

4 商劍平;黃驊港航道通過能力的仿真模型研究[D];大連理工大學;2005年

5 吳丹;基于系統(tǒng)仿真的港口航道通過能力研究[D];大連理工大學;2007年

，

本文編號：2252601