【摘要】：城市公共交通具有集約高效、節(jié)能環(huán)保的優(yōu)點,優(yōu)先發(fā)展公共交通已成為我國的重要戰(zhàn)略,而公交路權(quán)優(yōu)先是公交優(yōu)先的重要抓手和有力保障。目前,時空路權(quán)綜合優(yōu)先在我國有部分工程實踐案例,但普遍缺乏優(yōu)先效果層面的評估,因而實施效果較差,未能真正提升公共交通的服務(wù)水平。因此,本文的研究目的是,以多情景仿真系統(tǒng)探究公交時空路權(quán)綜合優(yōu)先的實施效果,并總結(jié)公交路權(quán)優(yōu)先效果的評估方法。本論文首先進行了未設(shè)置公交專用道路段的實地調(diào)查,選擇南京市中山路長江路—珠江路路段和中山路—珠江路交叉口,獲取高峰小時的地點車速和交通量數(shù)據(jù),得到了后續(xù)仿真建模的基礎(chǔ)。然后對獲得數(shù)據(jù)進行初步分析,得出了現(xiàn)狀交通運行狀況,作為路權(quán)優(yōu)先效果的原始對照。通過理論準(zhǔn)備,介紹了路外側(cè)和路內(nèi)側(cè)公交專用道的特點,給出三種信號控制方式,分別是無信號優(yōu)先、傳統(tǒng)信號優(yōu)先和預(yù)感應(yīng)信號優(yōu)先,旨在提供原始對照的同時豐富時間路權(quán)優(yōu)先方法。通過方式組合設(shè)計了六種時空路權(quán)綜合優(yōu)先情景,體現(xiàn)綜合優(yōu)先的特點,以期通過多情景測試找出最佳組合方式。利用VISSIM_COM接口進行VISSIM信號控制模塊的二次開發(fā),從而能夠在VISSIM里面實現(xiàn)六種測試情景。從公交車、社會車輛和乘客的角度給出評價指標(biāo),包括公交車車均延誤、平均停車延誤和平均停車次數(shù),社會車輛車均延誤、平均停車延誤以及人均行程時間,從而能夠全面反映優(yōu)先效果。研究結(jié)果表明,提供路權(quán)優(yōu)先能夠產(chǎn)生顯著的正面效益。設(shè)置公交專用道后,由于公交車和社會車輛各行其道,公交車受到的干擾減小,公交車的延誤有大幅度的降低,充分體現(xiàn)了公交專用道的基礎(chǔ)地位和重要作用。由于本案例中左轉(zhuǎn)車流量較大,因此設(shè)置路外側(cè)公交專用道效果更好。提供時間路權(quán)優(yōu)先后,公交車的運行效益有進一步的提升,體現(xiàn)出信號優(yōu)先錦上添花的作用。在路外側(cè)和路內(nèi)側(cè)專用道前提下,提供傳統(tǒng)信號優(yōu)先使得公交車車均延誤降低了4%和2%;提供預(yù)感應(yīng)信號優(yōu)先則降低了33%和20%。兩種優(yōu)先控制方式下,社會車輛的延誤增加值均控制在15%以內(nèi)。從人均行程時間角度上來看,本案例中,在采集的流量下,六種測試情景中,設(shè)置路外側(cè)專用道并提供預(yù)感應(yīng)信號優(yōu)先效果最好,能夠使得人均行程時間最小,也即找出了最佳組合方式。不同于傳統(tǒng)的單一路權(quán)的研究思路,本文提出的時空綜合路權(quán)優(yōu)先效果評估方法可以有效指導(dǎo)公交路權(quán)優(yōu)先的設(shè)置,為工程實踐提供依據(jù),具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Urban public transport has the advantages of intensive efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection. Priority to develop public transportation has become an important strategy in our country, and the priority of public transport right is an important grasp and powerful guarantee of public transport priority. At present, there are some engineering practice cases in our country, but there is a general lack of evaluation of priority effect level, so the implementation effect is poor, and the service level of public transportation can not be really improved. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the implementation effect of the comprehensive priority of bus traffic right in time and space by using multi-scenario simulation system, and to summarize the evaluation method of the priority effect of bus traffic right. In this paper, first of all, a field investigation is carried out on the road sections without bus lanes. The intersection of Changjiang Road and Zhujiang Road, Zhongshan Road and Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, is selected to obtain the local speed and traffic volume data of peak hours. The foundation of subsequent simulation modeling is obtained. Then the data obtained are analyzed preliminarily, and the current traffic operation condition is obtained, which is used as the original control of the priority effect of road rights. Through theoretical preparation, this paper introduces the characteristics of the bus lanes outside the road and the inner side of the road, and gives three signal control modes, namely, no signal priority, traditional signal priority and preemptive signal priority. The aim is to provide primordial contrast while enriching the time-based right-of-way approach. This paper designs six kinds of space-time road rights comprehensive priority scenarios by way combination, which embodies the characteristics of comprehensive priority, in order to find out the best combination mode through multi-scenario test. The second development of VISSIM signal control module is carried out by using VISSIM_COM interface, so that six test scenarios can be realized in VISSIM. From the point of view of bus, social vehicle and passenger, the evaluation index is given, including the average delay of bus, the average delay and the average number of times of stopping, the delay of vehicle, the average delay of stopping and the travel time per person. Thus, the priority effect can be fully reflected. The research results show that providing priority to road rights can bring about significant positive benefits. After the bus lane is set up, because the bus and the social vehicle go their own way, the interference of the bus is reduced, and the delay of the bus is greatly reduced, which fully reflects the basic position and the important role of the bus lane. Because of the large left-turn traffic in this case, it is better to set the outside bus lane. After giving priority to the time right, the operation efficiency of the bus will be further improved, which reflects the effect of signal priority. On the premise of the outside and the inside of the road, the traditional signal priority reduces the average delay of bus by 4% and 2%, and the priority of providing the presentiment signal reduces by 33% and 20%. Under the two priority control modes, the added value of social vehicle delay is controlled within 15%. From the point of view of per capita travel time, in this case, under the collected flow rate, in six test scenarios, it is the best to set up a special lane outside the road and provide a presentiment signal to give priority to the per capita travel time, which can make the per capita travel time minimum. That is, to find out the best combination. Different from the traditional research idea of single road right, the method proposed in this paper can effectively guide the establishment of bus traffic right priority, and provide the basis for engineering practice. It has a good application prospect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.17

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本文編號：2243633