發(fā)布時間：2018-09-08 06:20

【摘要】：交通問題一直困擾著各個大中型城市,尤其隨著經濟的快速發(fā)展和機動車保有量的增加,交通擁擠問題變得越來越嚴重。城市道路交通問題己經嚴重影響了社會經濟的健康發(fā)展,那么,緩解道路交通擁擠已經成為了刻不容緩、亟待解決的問題。這也是政府部門和交通研究者必須履行的職責。因此,本文對交通擁擠收費進行研究,對西安某路段進行擁擠道路雙層收費模型的建立,通過對擁擠雙層收費模型的研究以及仿真并結合交通需求管理的優(yōu)點,有效促進交通資源的利用,提高交通效率。本文的主要內容如下:首先,本文對交通擁擠收費進行了概述,分別介紹交通擁擠收費的概念理論以及擁擠收費的相關定價理論,其次對道路擁擠收費的各種分類方法進行介紹,并對國內外道路擁擠收費的理論研究成果進行概述,也介紹了擁擠收費的模型理論。然后以新加坡、斯德哥爾摩、倫敦、香港等城市為例,簡介城市道路擁擠收費政策的國內外應用現狀實施結果。其次,本文對靜態(tài)和動態(tài)的交通擁擠收費模型的建立分別進行介紹,運用改進的Logit算法對交通流量進行分配,完善現有的動態(tài)交通分配模型,以居民出行路徑選擇的路線為數據,對擁擠收費區(qū)域路段做界定。采用雙層收費模型,上層模型用來確定收費策略,下層滿足出行者的路徑選擇。最后,對建立好的模型用VISSIM進行仿真,將擁擠收費的應用展現出來。先利用擁擠收費模型建立虛擬路網,對各參數進行設置,然后進行多次仿真,對道路擁擠的實施效果進行綜合分析并加以改進,對擁擠路段進行收費的定價。最終根據建模以及仿真結果,以具體圖表形式呈現,說明了實施擁擠收費策略對于緩解交通擁擠有著重要的意義,達到了有效緩解交通擁擠的目的。
[Abstract]:Traffic problems have been puzzling large and medium-sized cities, especially with the rapid development of economy and the increase of vehicle ownership, traffic congestion has become more and more serious. The problem of urban road traffic has seriously affected the healthy development of social economy, so alleviating road traffic congestion has become an urgent problem to be solved. This is also the responsibility of government departments and traffic researchers. Therefore, this paper studies traffic congestion charges, builds a two-layer toll model for a section of Xi'an road congestion, through the study of congestion double-layer toll model and simulation, combined with the advantages of traffic demand management. Effectively promote the use of traffic resources, improve traffic efficiency. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, this paper gives an overview of traffic congestion charges, introduces the concept theory of traffic congestion charges and the related pricing theory of congestion charges. Secondly, it introduces the classification methods of road congestion pricing, summarizes the theoretical research results of road congestion pricing at home and abroad, and also introduces the model theory of congestion pricing. Then take Singapore, Stockholm, London, Hong Kong and other cities as examples, introduce the implementation results of the domestic and international application of urban road congestion pricing policy. Secondly, this paper introduces the establishment of static and dynamic traffic congestion toll models, and uses the improved Logit algorithm to allocate traffic flow, and improves the existing dynamic traffic allocation model. Taking the route chosen by residents as data, the section of congestion toll area is defined. The upper layer model is used to determine the charging strategy, and the lower layer satisfies the route choice of the traveler. Finally, the established model is simulated with VISSIM to show the application of congestion charge. Firstly, the virtual road network is established by using congestion toll model, then the parameters are set up, and then the simulation is carried out for several times, and the comprehensive analysis and improvement of the implementation effect of congestion are carried out, and the pricing of toll collection on congested sections is carried out. Finally according to the modeling and simulation results presented in the form of specific charts the implementation of congestion charging strategy for reducing traffic congestion has an important significance to achieve the purpose of reducing traffic congestion.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491

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本文編號：2229631