【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,城市快速路交通擁堵問題日益凸顯,嚴(yán)重影響城市生態(tài)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展�？焖俾烦隹谠训梨i閉與快速路交通擁堵緊密相關(guān),它既是快速路擁堵的結(jié)果,也是大范圍長時(shí)間嚴(yán)重交通擁堵的重要原因之一。具體而言,在城市快速路上,交通擁堵一旦形成,可能會(huì)上溯數(shù)公里,蔓延覆蓋一系列出口匝道,使這些出口匝道流量減小,形成出口匝道鎖閉。由于出流減小,原本可以經(jīng)由這些出口駛離快速路的車輛被困于快速路主線,又進(jìn)一步加速了擁堵的惡化與蔓延。因此,出口匝道鎖閉現(xiàn)象同快速路嚴(yán)重交通擁堵互為因果。目前,有關(guān)匝道鎖閉的專門研究尚未見文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道。本文從理論模型分析和仿真驗(yàn)證兩個(gè)角度,全面深入地探討出口匝道鎖閉現(xiàn)象的機(jī)理和相關(guān)影響。首先,從交通流理論角度,建立瓶頸觸發(fā)條件,分析出口匝道鎖閉現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的機(jī)理。其次,利用宏觀交通仿真系統(tǒng)METANET、微觀交通仿真系統(tǒng)VISSIM和一個(gè)自主研發(fā)的宏觀二階交通仿真模型,針對擁有不同瓶頸的兩條城市快速路建立適宜的仿真模型,通過交通仿真驗(yàn)證數(shù)學(xué)分析結(jié)果,深入分析匝道鎖閉條件下的城市快速路交通流輸入-輸出穩(wěn)態(tài)特性,詳細(xì)考察匝道鎖閉對交通需求、出匝率、OD率的敏感性,并結(jié)合匝道鎖閉問題,探討城市快速路網(wǎng)絡(luò)狀態(tài)的基本圖屬性。再次,本論文研究快速路入口匝道控制對消除快速路交通擁堵和避免匝道鎖閉的重要影響。本論文工作對城市快速路交通管理與控制具有重要借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy in our country, the problem of urban expressway traffic congestion is becoming increasingly prominent, which seriously affects the sustainable development of urban ecology. Freeway exit ramp locking is closely related to expressway traffic congestion, which is not only the result of expressway congestion, but also one of the important reasons for large-scale serious traffic congestion. Specifically, once traffic jams are formed on urban expressways, they may be traced back to several kilometers, spreading over a series of exit ramps, reducing the flow of these exit ramps, and forming exit ramp locking. As the outflow decreases, vehicles that could have left the freeway via these exits are trapped in the main line of the expressway, further accelerating the deterioration and spread of congestion. Therefore, the phenomenon of exit ramp locking and serious traffic congestion are cause and effect. At present, the special research on ramp locking has not been reported in literature. In this paper, the mechanism of exit ramp locking and its influence are discussed from two aspects: theoretical model analysis and simulation verification. Firstly, from the view of traffic flow theory, the bottleneck trigger condition is established, and the mechanism of exit ramp locking is analyzed. Secondly, using the macro traffic simulation system METANET, micro traffic simulation system VISSIM and a macro second order traffic simulation model developed by ourselves, an appropriate simulation model for two urban express routes with different bottlenecks is established. Through traffic simulation to verify the results of mathematical analysis, the input-output steady-state characteristics of urban expressway traffic flow under the condition of ramp locking are deeply analyzed, and the sensitivity of ramp locking to traffic demand, turn out rate and OD rate is investigated in detail. Combined with the problem of ramp locking, the basic map attributes of urban expressway network are discussed. Thirdly, this paper studies the important effect of ramp control on eliminating traffic congestion and avoiding ramp locking. This paper has important reference significance for urban expressway traffic management and control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U491

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本文編號(hào)：2223259