發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-04 20:00

【摘要】：采用減隔震措施可以有效的提升橋梁抗震性能。依據(jù)抗震原則的理念,需要次要結(jié)構(gòu)在地震時(shí)先于橋梁主體結(jié)構(gòu)變形破壞,起到消耗地震能量保護(hù)橋梁主體不受破壞的目的�；诖嗽瓌t,在地震高發(fā)區(qū)域橋梁設(shè)計(jì)往往會增設(shè)減隔震措施,但通常使用的抗震措施諸如鉛芯橡膠支座、連梁裝置以及橡膠墊片等或多或少的存在價(jià)格高昂、空間狹長不易安裝等問題。而另一方面,安置在主梁兩側(cè)控制主梁位移的限位擋塊卻往往被忽視,目前國內(nèi)規(guī)范對其性能構(gòu)造也沒有明確的規(guī)定,僅僅作為構(gòu)造措施用于主梁限位。我國普遍采用的混凝土擋塊在地震中因易于受損而無法發(fā)揮作用。綜合上述兩方面原因,設(shè)計(jì)者們試圖設(shè)計(jì)一種低屈服點(diǎn)限位鋼擋塊,它具有制作簡單、安裝便捷且耗能效果優(yōu)異的優(yōu)勢,將其應(yīng)用于廣大中小橋梁,具有廣闊的前景。鑒于上述考慮,制作了五種型號的鋼擋塊,采用軟鋼材料并且腹板中間挖有不同尺寸的槽孔使其易于變形耗能。本論文通過試驗(yàn)手段對擁有五種不同槽孔尺寸的鋼擋塊進(jìn)行模擬地震條件的荷載試驗(yàn)并將得到的結(jié)論與數(shù)值仿真分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行比。與耗能規(guī)律的探究和性能參數(shù)的確定,并將試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與對驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)可靠性。主要的試驗(yàn)和研究工作內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下:對鋼擋塊進(jìn)行理論受力分析,并利用有限元分析軟件ANSYS對五種鋼擋塊進(jìn)行數(shù)值仿真分析,為之后的荷載試驗(yàn)提供理論數(shù)據(jù)支持。對鋼擋塊的母材軟鋼進(jìn)行材料拉伸試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明獲得的鋼材屈服強(qiáng)度、抗拉強(qiáng)度、彈性模量以及泊松比等物理參數(shù)符合設(shè)計(jì)要求,該類鋼材可以供荷載試驗(yàn)使用。對五種槽孔尺寸的鋼擋塊分別進(jìn)行底部固定的單行推力荷載試驗(yàn),取得荷載位移曲線、應(yīng)力應(yīng)變曲線等數(shù)據(jù),對之后的試驗(yàn)提供實(shí)踐支持。對其中兩種不同槽孔尺寸的擋塊進(jìn)行底部固定的往返滯回加載試驗(yàn),取得滯回曲線等數(shù)據(jù)分析探究不同尺寸擋塊的耗能規(guī)律。將試驗(yàn)得到的數(shù)據(jù)擬合出性能參數(shù)與ANSYS數(shù)值仿真分析結(jié)果對比驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)可靠性,可為國內(nèi)外此類荷載試驗(yàn)提供參考。而得到的鋼擋塊性能參數(shù)和耗能規(guī)律可為該類產(chǎn)品的深入研發(fā)推廣提供理論和試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)支持。也可為國內(nèi)抗震規(guī)范和修編提供合理性意見。
[Abstract]:The seismic performance of bridges can be effectively improved by using seismic isolation measures. According to the concept of seismic principle, it is necessary for the secondary structure to be deformed and destroyed before the main structure of the bridge during the earthquake, so as to expend seismic energy to protect the main body of the bridge from damage. Based on this principle, seismic isolation measures are often added in the design of bridges with high earthquake incidence, but the commonly used seismic measures such as lead-core rubber bearings, beam connecting devices and rubber gaskets are more or less expensive. The space narrow is not easy to install and so on. On the other hand, the limited block placed on the two sides of the main beam to control the displacement of the main beam is often ignored. At present, there are no clear provisions on the performance structure of the main beam in the domestic code, which is only used as a structural measure to limit the position of the main beam. The concrete block which is widely used in our country is unable to play its role in earthquake because it is easy to be damaged. For the above two reasons, the designers try to design a low yield point limited steel block, which has the advantages of simple fabrication, convenient installation and excellent energy dissipation effect. It has a broad prospect in the application of small and medium-sized bridges. In view of the above considerations, five types of steel blocks are made, which are made of mild steel material and have different sizes of grooves in the middle of the web so that they can easily deform and consume energy. In this paper, the load tests of steel blocks with five different sizes of slot holes are carried out to simulate the seismic conditions by means of experimental means, and the results obtained are compared with the results of numerical simulation. The reliability of the test was verified by the test results and the determination of the performance parameters. The main contents and conclusions of the experiment and research are as follows: the theoretical force analysis of steel retaining block is carried out, and the numerical simulation analysis of five steel retaining blocks is carried out by using finite element analysis software ANSYS, which provides theoretical data support for the later load test. The results of tensile test on the base metal mild steel of steel block show that the obtained physical parameters, such as yield strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, meet the design requirements, and this kind of steel can be used for load test. The single thrust load test with fixed bottom is carried out on the steel block of five kinds of slot sizes, and the data of load displacement curve, stress strain curve and so on are obtained, which provide practical support for the later test. In this paper, two kinds of baffles with different sizes of slot holes are subjected to round-trip hysteretic loading tests with fixed bottom, and the hysteretic curves are obtained to analyze the energy dissipation laws of the blocks with different sizes. The performance parameters obtained from the test are compared with the results of ANSYS numerical simulation to verify the reliability of the test, which can provide a reference for this kind of load test at home and abroad. The obtained performance parameters and energy dissipation rules of steel block can provide theoretical and experimental data for the further development and popularization of this kind of products. It can also provide reasonable advice for domestic seismic code and revision.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U442.55

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 郭良友;橋梁中間鉸的索式抗震阻尼器的設(shè)計(jì)[J];國外橋梁;2001年02期

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本文編號：2223181