【摘要】：盾構(gòu)法因其安全高效、優(yōu)質(zhì)環(huán)保的特點(diǎn),已經(jīng)成為隧道工程領(lǐng)域的主流工法之一。同步注漿作為盾構(gòu)推進(jìn)過(guò)程中的重要工序,對(duì)于地表沉降控制、緩解圍巖變形等至關(guān)重要。目前同步注漿材料主要分為單液漿和雙液漿,總體看來(lái),水泥-水玻璃雙液漿膠凝時(shí)間短、早期強(qiáng)度高,在軟土地層和富水地層盾構(gòu)施工中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。但傳統(tǒng)水泥-水玻璃雙液漿耐久性差,抗水溶蝕能力差,而且成本高。在傳統(tǒng)水-水玻璃雙液漿的基礎(chǔ)上,復(fù)合水泥基-水玻璃雙液漿用粉煤灰和礦渣代替部分水泥摻入,利用堿激發(fā)粉煤灰和礦渣活性的特點(diǎn),最終形成由低CaO/SiO2的C-S-H膠凝體和耐久性很好的無(wú)定形類(lèi)沸石類(lèi)物質(zhì)共同構(gòu)成的密實(shí)體結(jié)構(gòu),有效提高了雙液漿耐久性,同時(shí)降低了成本。本文開(kāi)展了漿液特性試驗(yàn),研究了粉料比例、水玻璃摻量、水灰比對(duì)復(fù)合水泥基-水玻璃雙液漿流動(dòng)性能、穩(wěn)定性能、膠凝性能的影響規(guī)律,總結(jié)出適合盾構(gòu)隧道同步注漿施工的最優(yōu)配合比。同時(shí),還研究粉料拌合方式對(duì)新拌A漿液性能的影響和養(yǎng)護(hù)條件對(duì)結(jié)石體抗壓強(qiáng)度的影響。此外,將雙液漿環(huán)狀結(jié)石體置于模擬地層中養(yǎng)護(hù),探究了復(fù)合水泥基-水玻璃雙液漿在實(shí)際地層中的強(qiáng)度發(fā)展規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)粉煤灰和礦渣代替部分水泥摻入,雙液漿的流動(dòng)度降低約10%,早期強(qiáng)度降低10%～15%,但是膠凝時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)40%～80%,A漿液泌水率降低32%。水玻璃摻量為0.25～0.3時(shí),雙液漿流動(dòng)性能較好,膠凝時(shí)間容易控制,結(jié)石體抗壓強(qiáng)度高。水灰比增大,雙液漿流動(dòng)性增強(qiáng)、膠凝時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),但是抗壓強(qiáng)度和穩(wěn)定性有所降低。(2)粉料拌合時(shí),二次添加拌合水會(huì)導(dǎo)致A漿液泌水率增加約15%,流動(dòng)性增強(qiáng);二次添加粉料會(huì)導(dǎo)致A漿液泌水率減小約20%,流動(dòng)性增強(qiáng)。在滿(mǎn)足工程泌水率要求(5%)的前提下,二次添加拌合水更有利于A漿液的流動(dòng)性能改善。(3)利用冪函數(shù)擬合曲線(xiàn),可以得到復(fù)合水泥基-水玻璃雙液漿的回彈測(cè)強(qiáng)曲線(xiàn),相對(duì)誤差在10%以?xún)?nèi),且相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.74,相關(guān)性良好,以此可以確定復(fù)合水泥基-水玻璃雙液漿的回彈值與抗壓強(qiáng)度之間的關(guān)系。環(huán)狀結(jié)石體在模擬地層中養(yǎng)護(hù),7d時(shí)抗壓強(qiáng)度為12.5MPa,56d時(shí)抗壓強(qiáng)度達(dá)到28.6MPa,能夠很好地滿(mǎn)足盾構(gòu)隧道同步注漿要求。
[Abstract]:Shield method has become one of the main engineering methods in tunnel engineering field because of its safety and efficiency, high quality and environmental protection. Synchronous grouting, as an important procedure in shield tunneling, is very important for controlling surface subsidence and alleviating surrounding rock deformation. At present, the synchronous grouting materials are mainly divided into single slurry and double liquid slurry. In general, the cement-water glass double liquid slurry has short gelation time and high early strength, so it has been widely used in shield construction of soft soil layer and water-rich ground layer. But the traditional cement-water glass double-liquid slurry has poor durability, poor water dissolution resistance and high cost. On the basis of traditional water-water glass double liquid slurry, composite cement base water glass double liquid slurry uses fly ash and slag instead of some cement, and uses alkali to excite fly ash and slag activity. Finally, a dense solid structure composed of C-S-H cementitious with low CaO/SiO2 and amorphous zeolites with good durability is formed, which effectively improves the durability of double liquid slurry and reduces the cost. The effects of powder ratio, water glass content and water / cement ratio on the fluidity, stability and cementing properties of composite cement-based water glass double slurry were studied in this paper. The optimal mix ratio suitable for synchronous grouting construction of shield tunnel is summarized. At the same time, the influence of powder mixing mode on the performance of fresh A slurry and the influence of curing conditions on the compressive strength of stone body were also studied. In addition, the double liquid slurry annular stone body was put into the simulated formation and the strength development law of the composite cement base and water glass double liquid slurry in the actual formation was investigated. The results are as follows: (1) when fly ash and slag are added in place of some cement, the fluidity and early strength of double slurry decrease by about 10 and 10 / 15 respectively, but the gelation time is prolonged by 40% and 80%, and the bleeding rate of slurry decreases by 32%. When the amount of water glass is 0.25o 0.3, the fluidity of double slurry is better, the gelation time is easy to control, and the compressive strength of stone is high. With the increase of water-cement ratio, the fluidity and the gelation time of the two-liquid slurry increased, but the compressive strength and stability decreased. (2) when the powder was mixed, the secondary mixing water would increase the bleeding rate of A slurry by about 15%, and the fluidity would increase; The secondary addition of powder will reduce the bleeding rate of A slurry by about 20% and enhance the fluidity. On the premise of meeting the requirement of engineering bleeding rate (5%), the secondary mixing water is more favorable to improve the fluidity of A slurry. (3) by using the power function fitting curve, the rebound strength curve of compound cement base and water glass double liquid slurry can be obtained. The relative error is less than 10%, and the correlation coefficient is 0.74, so the relationship between the rebound value and the compressive strength of the composite cement-based water glass double slurry can be determined. The compressive strength of annular stone is 28.6MPa when it is maintained in simulated stratum for 7 days, and the compressive strength is 12.5 MPA / 56d, which can meet the requirement of synchronous grouting in shield tunnel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U455.43

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