【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,能源開(kāi)發(fā)、礦山開(kāi)采、農(nóng)林畜牧以及城市建設(shè)的大量推進(jìn),工程車輛也隨之備受重視。由于目前對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)鉸接轉(zhuǎn)向工程車輛的研究、設(shè)計(jì)和制造落后于國(guó)外,因此對(duì)鉸接式車輛的相關(guān)特性的深入研究具有重要的實(shí)際意義,為此許多新型鉸接機(jī)構(gòu)的鉸接車輛不斷涌現(xiàn)。由于鉸接機(jī)構(gòu)具有轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑小,適應(yīng)能力強(qiáng),整體舒適性好,輪胎受力均勻等顯著特點(diǎn),所以被公認(rèn)為是目前工程車輛的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。三鉸型壓路機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)中心在鉸接機(jī)構(gòu)中間,轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)通過(guò)平衡連桿調(diào)整,減小了一半的推角,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)在安全區(qū)域作業(yè)且操舵性能良好;當(dāng)三鉸型壓路機(jī)的鉸接點(diǎn)處于前后輪軸線的中心位置時(shí),前后輪的轉(zhuǎn)向半徑相等且具有最小值,車輛轉(zhuǎn)向或直行的穩(wěn)定性高。運(yùn)用三維工程軟件對(duì)三鉸型壓路機(jī)和普通銷軸鉸接式壓路機(jī),在行駛速度不變而轉(zhuǎn)向角度變化的工況進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真對(duì)比,仿真曲線顯示三鉸型壓路機(jī)行駛平穩(wěn);在轉(zhuǎn)向角度不變行駛速度變化的情況下,仿真曲線顯示三鉸型壓路機(jī)兩側(cè)輪胎受力均勻,受力波動(dòng)較小,不易傾翻;在單輪越障工況下,三鉸型壓路機(jī)駕駛室不受壓輪越障影響,具有較好的舒適性和穩(wěn)定性,達(dá)到了預(yù)期目標(biāo)。針對(duì)如下三種工況,對(duì)三鉸型壓路機(jī)的鉸接機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有限元分析:在原地轉(zhuǎn)向工況下,通過(guò)三維工程軟件分析得出后支架所受力矩曲線;將力矩施加至兩側(cè)油缸鉸座處,對(duì)后支架進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。在爬坡工況下,通過(guò)計(jì)算得出在爬坡角度為55%時(shí)最大牽引力,將牽引力施加至前支架進(jìn)行有限元分析;通過(guò)對(duì)前支架后處理,分別對(duì)平衡連桿和后支架進(jìn)行有限元分析。在單輪越障工況下,通過(guò)三維工程軟件分析,測(cè)得三個(gè)球鉸所受反作用力,并將反作用力分別施加至平衡連桿、前支架和后支架,對(duì)其進(jìn)行有限元分析,結(jié)果顯示符合設(shè)計(jì)要求。本文結(jié)合當(dāng)前鉸接式壓路機(jī)的實(shí)際情況,全方面比較分析之后,設(shè)計(jì)出符合未來(lái)發(fā)展需求的三鉸型壓路機(jī);對(duì)鉸接式壓路機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)向運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)進(jìn)行了數(shù)學(xué)建模,并對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)向行駛時(shí)壓路機(jī)輪胎受力狀態(tài)進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)仿真,最后通過(guò)軟件對(duì)三鉸點(diǎn)鉸接機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)度校核,為鉸接式車輛鉸接機(jī)構(gòu)的研究提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the development of world economy, energy exploitation, mining, agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, as well as urban construction, engineering vehicles have been attached great importance. At present, the research on articulated steering engineering vehicles in China lags behind in design and manufacture, so it is of great practical significance to deeply study the related characteristics of articulated vehicles. For this reason, many new type hinge mechanism hinges the vehicle to emerge unceasingly. Because the hinge mechanism has the characteristics of small turning radius, strong adaptability, good overall comfort, uniform tire force and so on, it is recognized as the development trend of engineering vehicles at present. The rotation center of the three-hinged roller is in the middle of the hinged mechanism, and by adjusting the balance connecting rod when turning, the push angle is reduced by half, which can be operated in the safe area and has good steering performance. When the hinge point of the three-hinged roller is in the center position of the axis of the front and rear wheels, the steering radius of the front and rear wheels is equal and the minimum value is obtained. Three dimensional engineering software is used to compare the motion of the three-hinged roller with that of the common pin shaft roller under the condition of constant driving speed and changing steering angle. The simulation curve shows that the three-hinged roller is running smoothly. Under the condition that the steering angle is constant, the simulation curve shows that the tire on both sides of the three-hinged roller is uniform, the force fluctuation is small, and it is not easy to overturn. The cab of the three-hinged roller is not affected by the pressure wheel, and has good comfort and stability, and achieves the expected goal. In view of the following three working conditions, finite element analysis is carried out on the hinge mechanism of the three-hinged roller: under the condition of in-situ steering, the torque curve of the rear support is obtained by three-dimensional engineering software, and the torque is applied to the hinge seat of the two sides of the cylinder. The strength of the rear support was checked and optimized. Under the condition of slope climbing, the maximum traction force is obtained when the climbing angle is 55. The traction force is applied to the front bracket for finite element analysis. The balance connecting rod and the rear support are analyzed by finite element method respectively. Under the condition of single wheel surmounting obstacle, the reaction force of the three ball hinges is measured by three dimensional engineering software, and the reaction force is applied to the balance link, the front bracket and the rear support respectively, and the finite element analysis is carried out on them. The results show that it meets the design requirements. In this paper, according to the actual situation of the current articulated roller, after comparing and analyzing all aspects, a three-hinge roller is designed to meet the needs of future development, and the steering kinematics of the hinged roller is modeled. Finally, the strength of the three-hinge mechanism is checked by software, which provides a theoretical basis for the research of articulated mechanism of articulated vehicle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U415.521

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本文編號(hào)：2176768