【摘要】：社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)是城市衛(wèi)生工作的重要組成部分,是實(shí)現(xiàn)人人享有初級(jí)衛(wèi)生保健目標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)環(huán)節(jié)。本研究結(jié)合西安市中心城區(qū)實(shí)際情況,以交通可達(dá)性為切入點(diǎn),分析了社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)空間布局特征,從城市規(guī)劃和交通工程兩大角度為解決“看病難”問題做出貢獻(xiàn)。首先在厘清社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)含義及特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,有針對性的分析了可達(dá)性的概念,然后從行政區(qū)劃、人口分布、設(shè)施服務(wù)能力、空間距離、交通阻抗五個(gè)方面研究了社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)可達(dá)性的影響因素,再以兼顧公平性和便捷性的空間布局目標(biāo)為前提,選取潛能模型來進(jìn)行社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)可達(dá)性評(píng)價(jià)。其次以西安市中心城區(qū)為研究對象,通過理論分析和實(shí)際調(diào)研相結(jié)合的方法,基于步行交通方式從路段阻抗和交叉口阻抗兩方面細(xì)致研究了交通阻抗的計(jì)算方法,得到55個(gè)社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)的阻抗系數(shù)。進(jìn)而對潛能模型進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)和優(yōu)化,借助Arc GIS技術(shù)建立西安市中心城區(qū)社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)地理信息數(shù)據(jù)庫并計(jì)算出25個(gè)街道辦事處行政區(qū)劃范圍的可達(dá)性指標(biāo)。最后利用分級(jí)比較和克里金插值法對步行阻抗和可達(dá)性結(jié)果進(jìn)行了空間分布分析,得到其空間分布特征,接著從土地資源供給、公共服務(wù)配建、道路交通規(guī)劃三方面深入剖析了可達(dá)性不均衡空間分布的原因,并從醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、城市規(guī)劃和交通工程三個(gè)角度對提高社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)可達(dá)性提出對策和建議。本研究得到陜西省教育廳專項(xiàng)科學(xué)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(14JK1417)的資助。
[Abstract]:Community health service is an important part of urban health work and the basic link to realize the goal of primary health care for all. Based on the actual situation of Xi'an city center and traffic accessibility, this paper analyzes the spatial layout characteristics of community health service institutions, and makes contributions to solve the problem of "difficult to see a doctor" from the two aspects of urban planning and traffic engineering. First of all, on the basis of clarifying the meaning and characteristics of community health service institutions, the concept of accessibility is analyzed, and then the concept of accessibility is analyzed from administrative divisions, population distribution, facilities service capacity, space distance. The factors affecting accessibility of community health service institutions were studied in five aspects of traffic impedance, and then the potential model was selected to evaluate the accessibility of community health service institutions on the premise of the spatial layout goal of considering fairness and convenience. Secondly, taking Xi'an city center as the research object, through the combination of theoretical analysis and practical investigation, the calculation method of traffic impedance is studied in detail from two aspects of road impedance and intersection impedance based on walking traffic mode. The impedance coefficient of 55 community health service institutions was obtained. Then the potential model was improved and optimized, and the geographic information database of community health service institutions in downtown Xi'an was established by using Arc GIS technology, and the reachability index of the administrative districts of 25 sub-district offices was calculated. Finally, by using hierarchical comparison and Kriging interpolation method, the spatial distribution of walking impedance and reachability is analyzed, and the spatial distribution characteristics are obtained. Then, from the supply of land resources and the construction of public services, In this paper, the causes of uneven spatial distribution of accessibility in three aspects of road traffic planning are analyzed, and the countermeasures and suggestions for improving the accessibility of community health service institutions are put forward from the perspectives of medical treatment, urban planning and traffic engineering. This research is supported by the Special Science Project (14JK1417) of Shaanxi Education Department.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491;R197.61

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本文編號(hào)：2174197