高速公路運(yùn)營管理節(jié)能技術(shù)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-06 15:26
【摘要】：伴隨社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,能源短缺已經(jīng)成為影響全球政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重大戰(zhàn)略問題。我國作為能源消耗的主要國家,面臨了來自國內(nèi)外的巨大發(fā)展壓力,環(huán)境與發(fā)展的矛盾問題已難以維持社會進(jìn)步的平衡。同時,持續(xù)發(fā)展帶來社會對交通運(yùn)輸需求的快速擴(kuò)大,近些年交通運(yùn)輸行業(yè)持續(xù)加強(qiáng)公路運(yùn)輸基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),不斷增強(qiáng)公路運(yùn)輸保障能力。同時,交通運(yùn)輸行業(yè)的能源消耗也在不斷增加,占全社會總能耗的比重也在逐年提升。為維持運(yùn)營和管理能力,提供安全和高效通行水平,高速公路運(yùn)營管理過程消耗了大量的能源,尤其以電能消耗為主,約占整個交通運(yùn)輸行業(yè)電能消耗的13%以上。為有效節(jié)約高速公路運(yùn)營管理電能消耗,降低高速公路運(yùn)營管理成本,圍繞高速公路運(yùn)營管理工作,從可再生能源、節(jié)能設(shè)施、節(jié)能控制等多方面已應(yīng)用了多項(xiàng)節(jié)能技術(shù)。但是,目前高速公路運(yùn)營管理節(jié)能技術(shù)通常只針對某一特定能耗環(huán)節(jié),系統(tǒng)性應(yīng)用及研究缺乏,針對其節(jié)能應(yīng)用效果也未進(jìn)行整體、系統(tǒng)的綜合考量,導(dǎo)致運(yùn)營管理者難以針對節(jié)能工作做出科學(xué)合理的評價(jià)與決策,因此限制了高速公路運(yùn)營管理節(jié)能技術(shù)的效能發(fā)揮及推廣應(yīng)用。本文圍繞“分析現(xiàn)狀—能耗估算—挖掘潛力—技術(shù)分析—解決方案—科學(xué)決策—效果評價(jià)”的主線,以解決高速公路運(yùn)營管理節(jié)能技術(shù)的系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用問題為核心,開展了高速公路運(yùn)營管理設(shè)施的能耗現(xiàn)狀分析、能耗估算方法、節(jié)能技術(shù)特征、節(jié)能技術(shù)多屬性評價(jià)與決策方法、能耗分項(xiàng)計(jì)量與節(jié)能效果評價(jià)等內(nèi)容的研究。首先分析了高速公路運(yùn)營管理能耗的現(xiàn)狀特點(diǎn):能耗結(jié)構(gòu)以電能消耗為主要構(gòu)成;主要能耗集中于收費(fèi)站、管理中心、隧道和沿線設(shè)施;高速公路運(yùn)營管理能耗較高,節(jié)能潛力較大,以上特點(diǎn)為本論文的研究提供了先決條件和基礎(chǔ)支撐。其次,針對高速公路運(yùn)營管理能耗難以直接獲取的條件,提出了運(yùn)營管理能耗的估算方法,該方法以采集少量且容易獲取的能耗相關(guān)參數(shù)為前提,根據(jù)高速公路運(yùn)營管理能耗現(xiàn)狀及特點(diǎn)分析的數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合能耗指標(biāo)的分析方法,建立能耗估算模型的廣域因子集,通過基于循環(huán)后退多元再回歸分析的方法,將廣域因子集中對估算結(jié)果影響不顯著的因子剔除,形成最終的模型因子集,該因子集的維度低于廣域因子集,因此能夠加大觀測數(shù)值的深度,根據(jù)深度更大的觀測值和維度更低的因子集建立能耗估算模型。再次,結(jié)合電能流動鏈路的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),分析了高速公路運(yùn)營管理主要節(jié)能技術(shù)的原理、組成和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)要素,開展了針對節(jié)能技術(shù)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)、工程現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)和模擬仿真試驗(yàn),得到了各項(xiàng)節(jié)能技術(shù)的技術(shù)特征、應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域、應(yīng)用效果、技術(shù)局限、發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ燃夹g(shù)要素。然后,系統(tǒng)研究了梯形模糊數(shù)和節(jié)能技術(shù)的多屬性評價(jià)與決策方法,研究分析了AHP確權(quán)的方法和基于梯形模糊數(shù)的多屬性決策方法以及模糊評價(jià)語言和梯形模糊數(shù)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系,提出了梯形模糊數(shù)決策矩陣進(jìn)行多屬性賦權(quán)和決策賦權(quán)的方法,構(gòu)建可能度矩陣和排序向量,進(jìn)而求出決策的最優(yōu)解。最后,提出了基于高速公路運(yùn)營管理能耗數(shù)據(jù)分類的系統(tǒng)性、適用及可獲取性、簡單性的原則,建立了高速公路運(yùn)營管理分項(xiàng)能耗模型,提出了有效負(fù)載估計(jì)模型和等效估計(jì)模型用于分項(xiàng)能耗的估計(jì),提出了分項(xiàng)能耗拆分的方法和模型;并以節(jié)能量為目標(biāo),提出了測量關(guān)鍵節(jié)能參數(shù)/估算輔助節(jié)能參數(shù)、測量全部節(jié)能參數(shù)、整體能耗測量、估算或模擬的節(jié)能量評價(jià)方法及其適用技術(shù)條件。通過本文的研究,解決了高速公路運(yùn)營管理能耗數(shù)據(jù)的分析、節(jié)能潛力的挖掘、節(jié)能技術(shù)特征的分析、節(jié)能方案的評價(jià)與決策、能耗的分項(xiàng)計(jì)量以及節(jié)能應(yīng)用效果評價(jià)等問題,為高速公路運(yùn)營管理節(jié)能技術(shù)的應(yīng)用提供了科學(xué)、合理、有效的技術(shù)支撐。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and economy, the shortage of energy has become a major strategic issue affecting the global political and economic development. As the main country of energy consumption, China is facing great pressure from both home and abroad. The contradiction between environment and development has been difficult to maintain the balance of social progress. With the rapid expansion of traffic and transportation demand, in recent years, the transportation industry continues to strengthen the construction of highway transportation infrastructure and continuously enhance the capacity of highway transportation guarantee. At the same time, the energy consumption of the transportation industry is increasing, and the proportion of the total energy consumption of the whole society is also rising year by year. The operation and management process of the expressway consumes a lot of energy, especially the power consumption, accounting for more than 13% of the energy consumption in the whole transportation industry. It can effectively save the power consumption of the highway operation and management, reduce the cost of the management of the expressway operation, and revolve around the operation and management of the freeway, from the renewable energy. Many energy-saving technologies have been applied in energy saving facilities, energy saving control and so on. However, at present, the energy-saving technology of expressway operation management is usually only aimed at a certain energy consumption link, the systematic application and research are lacking, and the overall consideration of its energy saving application has not been carried out, and the comprehensive consideration of the system results in the operation managers difficult to aim at energy saving workers. In order to make scientific and rational evaluation and decision, it restricts the efficiency and popularization of energy-saving technology of expressway operation management. This paper focuses on the main line of "analysis of the status quo - energy consumption estimation - mining potential - technical analysis solution - scientific decision - effect evaluation", in order to solve the energy-saving technology of highway operation management. At the core, the energy consumption status analysis, energy consumption estimation method, energy saving technology characteristics, energy saving technology multi attribute evaluation and decision-making method, energy consumption measurement and energy saving effect evaluation are carried out. First, the current characteristics of energy consumption of expressway operation management are analyzed, energy consumption is analyzed. The main energy consumption is mainly composed of electric energy consumption; the main energy consumption is concentrated in the toll station, management center, tunnel and along the facilities along the road. The high energy consumption and high energy saving potential of the highway operation management provide the prerequisites and basic support for the research of this paper. Secondly, the conditions for the energy consumption of the expressway operation management are difficult to be directly obtained by needle. The estimation method of energy consumption in operation management is proposed. This method is based on the parameters of energy consumption related to the acquisition of a small amount and easy access. According to the data of the energy consumption status and characteristics of the expressway operation management and the analysis method of the energy consumption index, a wide domain factor set of the energy consumption estimation model is set up. The method of analysis is to remove the factors that have not significant influence on the estimated results, and form the final model factor set. The dimension of the factor set is lower than the wide area factor set. Therefore, it can add the depth of the survey values and establish the energy consumption estimation model based on the greater depth of observation and the lower factor set of the dimension. The characteristics of the structure of the flow link, the principle, the composition and the key technical elements of the main energy saving technology of the highway operation and management are analyzed. The laboratory test, the field test and the simulation test of the energy saving technology are carried out. The technical characteristics, application field, application effect, technical limitation and development potential of various energy-saving technologies are obtained. Then, the multi attribute evaluation and decision method of the trapezoid fuzzy number and energy saving technology are systematically studied. The method of AHP confirmation and the multi attribute decision method based on the trapezoid fuzzy number and the transformation relation between the fuzzy evaluation language and the trapezoid fuzzy number are studied and analyzed, and the multi attribute of the trapezoid fuzzy number decision matrix is proposed. The method of empowerment and decision empowerment is constructed, the possibility matrix and the sort vector are constructed, and then the optimal solution of the decision is obtained. Finally, the system based on the classification of the energy consumption data of the expressway operation management is put forward, the principle of applicability and accessibility and simplicity, the energy consumption model of the management of the expressway operation management is set up, and the effective load estimation model is put forward. The model and the equivalent estimation model are used to estimate the energy consumption of the sub item, and the method and model of the separation of energy consumption are put forward. The method of measuring the key energy saving parameters, estimating the auxiliary energy saving parameters, measuring all the energy saving parameters, measuring the overall energy consumption, estimating or simulating the energy saving parameters, and its applicable technical conditions are put forward. The research of this paper has solved the analysis of energy consumption data of the highway operation management, the mining of energy saving potential, the analysis of the characteristics of energy saving technology, the evaluation and decision of the energy saving scheme, the sub measurement of energy consumption and the evaluation of energy saving application effect, which provide a scientific, reasonable and effective technical support for the application of energy saving technology for the operation and management of the expressway. Support.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491
，
本文編號：2168146
[Abstract]:With the development of society and economy, the shortage of energy has become a major strategic issue affecting the global political and economic development. As the main country of energy consumption, China is facing great pressure from both home and abroad. The contradiction between environment and development has been difficult to maintain the balance of social progress. With the rapid expansion of traffic and transportation demand, in recent years, the transportation industry continues to strengthen the construction of highway transportation infrastructure and continuously enhance the capacity of highway transportation guarantee. At the same time, the energy consumption of the transportation industry is increasing, and the proportion of the total energy consumption of the whole society is also rising year by year. The operation and management process of the expressway consumes a lot of energy, especially the power consumption, accounting for more than 13% of the energy consumption in the whole transportation industry. It can effectively save the power consumption of the highway operation and management, reduce the cost of the management of the expressway operation, and revolve around the operation and management of the freeway, from the renewable energy. Many energy-saving technologies have been applied in energy saving facilities, energy saving control and so on. However, at present, the energy-saving technology of expressway operation management is usually only aimed at a certain energy consumption link, the systematic application and research are lacking, and the overall consideration of its energy saving application has not been carried out, and the comprehensive consideration of the system results in the operation managers difficult to aim at energy saving workers. In order to make scientific and rational evaluation and decision, it restricts the efficiency and popularization of energy-saving technology of expressway operation management. This paper focuses on the main line of "analysis of the status quo - energy consumption estimation - mining potential - technical analysis solution - scientific decision - effect evaluation", in order to solve the energy-saving technology of highway operation management. At the core, the energy consumption status analysis, energy consumption estimation method, energy saving technology characteristics, energy saving technology multi attribute evaluation and decision-making method, energy consumption measurement and energy saving effect evaluation are carried out. First, the current characteristics of energy consumption of expressway operation management are analyzed, energy consumption is analyzed. The main energy consumption is mainly composed of electric energy consumption; the main energy consumption is concentrated in the toll station, management center, tunnel and along the facilities along the road. The high energy consumption and high energy saving potential of the highway operation management provide the prerequisites and basic support for the research of this paper. Secondly, the conditions for the energy consumption of the expressway operation management are difficult to be directly obtained by needle. The estimation method of energy consumption in operation management is proposed. This method is based on the parameters of energy consumption related to the acquisition of a small amount and easy access. According to the data of the energy consumption status and characteristics of the expressway operation management and the analysis method of the energy consumption index, a wide domain factor set of the energy consumption estimation model is set up. The method of analysis is to remove the factors that have not significant influence on the estimated results, and form the final model factor set. The dimension of the factor set is lower than the wide area factor set. Therefore, it can add the depth of the survey values and establish the energy consumption estimation model based on the greater depth of observation and the lower factor set of the dimension. The characteristics of the structure of the flow link, the principle, the composition and the key technical elements of the main energy saving technology of the highway operation and management are analyzed. The laboratory test, the field test and the simulation test of the energy saving technology are carried out. The technical characteristics, application field, application effect, technical limitation and development potential of various energy-saving technologies are obtained. Then, the multi attribute evaluation and decision method of the trapezoid fuzzy number and energy saving technology are systematically studied. The method of AHP confirmation and the multi attribute decision method based on the trapezoid fuzzy number and the transformation relation between the fuzzy evaluation language and the trapezoid fuzzy number are studied and analyzed, and the multi attribute of the trapezoid fuzzy number decision matrix is proposed. The method of empowerment and decision empowerment is constructed, the possibility matrix and the sort vector are constructed, and then the optimal solution of the decision is obtained. Finally, the system based on the classification of the energy consumption data of the expressway operation management is put forward, the principle of applicability and accessibility and simplicity, the energy consumption model of the management of the expressway operation management is set up, and the effective load estimation model is put forward. The model and the equivalent estimation model are used to estimate the energy consumption of the sub item, and the method and model of the separation of energy consumption are put forward. The method of measuring the key energy saving parameters, estimating the auxiliary energy saving parameters, measuring all the energy saving parameters, measuring the overall energy consumption, estimating or simulating the energy saving parameters, and its applicable technical conditions are put forward. The research of this paper has solved the analysis of energy consumption data of the highway operation management, the mining of energy saving potential, the analysis of the characteristics of energy saving technology, the evaluation and decision of the energy saving scheme, the sub measurement of energy consumption and the evaluation of energy saving application effect, which provide a scientific, reasonable and effective technical support for the application of energy saving technology for the operation and management of the expressway. Support.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491
，
本文編號：2168146
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