【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國貨運事業(yè)的發(fā)展及高速公路建設速度的加快,高速公路運輸已成為道路運輸?shù)闹匾M成部分,貨運車輛在交通組成中所占比例不斷增加,比如,天津市境內(nèi)高速公路網(wǎng)交通量的統(tǒng)計分析顯示,在所有交通組成中,載重貨車總數(shù)逐年增加,其中一年的分析結(jié)果顯示載重15噸以上的大型貨車比例更是超過了貨車總數(shù)的60%,加之我國高速公路對載重貨車采用的是計重收費的收費標準,貨運部門為降低運輸成本、提高運輸收益,載重貨車的大型化和重型化日益明顯。此外,與發(fā)達國家相比,我國載重貨車在總交通組成中比重較大,車輛類型繁雜,各車型的尺寸及動力性能等差異較大,且超載現(xiàn)象嚴重,載重貨車對交通流的正常運行干擾較大,從而降低了高速公路收費站的通行能力。本文分析高速公路收費站通行能力,介紹了高速公路收費站的基本問題以及收費站附近的交通行為。貨車對高速公路收費站通行能力影響分析,分析了載貨車輛的運行模式,尤其是載貨車輛在收費站處計重收費車道的運行模式。提出通過設置強制分流設施及各種輔助設施(包括指示標志、強制減速設施、速度反饋標志),將小型車和大貨車強制分流,提高收費站的使用效率。最后提出了提高重載交通占有率較大路段收費站通行能力的改善措施,提出實行貨車計重ETC收費車道提高收費站通行能力,介紹貨車計重ETC前期實施技術(shù),對實行貨車計重ETC收費站通行能力影響進行仿真分析。應用VISSIM軟件對本文提出的高速公路收費站通行能力改善措施進行仿真驗證。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of China's freight industry and the acceleration of highway construction, highway transportation has become an important part of road transportation, and the proportion of freight vehicles in the traffic composition has been increasing, such as, Statistical analysis of the traffic volume of the highway network in Tianjin shows that the total number of heavy trucks has increased year by year in all traffic components. The results of one year's analysis show that the proportion of large trucks with a load of more than 15 tons exceeds 60% of the total number of trucks. In addition, the highway in our country adopts a charge standard for heavy trucks, so the freight transport department aims to reduce transportation costs. Increase transportation income, load truck's large-scale and heavy-duty become more and more obvious. In addition, compared with the developed countries, the proportion of heavy trucks in the total traffic composition in China is larger, the types of vehicles are complicated, the size and dynamic performance of each type of vehicles vary greatly, and the phenomenon of overloading is serious. The heavy truck interferes with the normal operation of traffic flow, which reduces the capacity of toll station. This paper analyzes the capacity of expressway toll station, introduces the basic problems of expressway toll station and the traffic behavior near the toll station. This paper analyzes the influence of freight cars on the capacity of highway toll stations and analyzes the operation mode of cargo vehicles, especially the operation mode of load charging lanes at toll stations. It is put forward that small cars and large trucks can be forced to be separated by setting up mandatory diversion facilities and various auxiliary facilities (including indication signs, forced deceleration facilities and speed feedback signs), so as to improve the efficiency of the use of toll stations. Finally, the paper puts forward some measures to improve the capacity of toll station in heavy haul traffic section with large traffic share, puts forward the implementation of ETC toll lane for truck weighing to improve the capacity of toll station, and introduces the pre-implementation technology of ETC for truck weight measurement. The influence of carrying out ETC toll station on freight car capacity is simulated and analyzed. By using VISSIM software, the paper simulates the improvement measures of toll collection station capacity proposed in this paper.
【學位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491

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