【摘要】：近年來,隨著城市化進程的加快,城市地鐵建設密度越來越大。城市既有建筑物密集,導致在地鐵建設過程中穿越既有建筑物和構筑物的情況時有發(fā)生,這無疑給地鐵建設增加了難度,也給地鐵的安全施工提出了新的嚴峻課題。地鐵在下穿既有建筑物過程中通常采用盾構隧道施工的方法,其中,在盾構下穿既有建筑物中需要采用樁基托換技術實現對建筑物的保護,因此,針對地鐵盾構隧道下穿既有建筑物樁基托換的安全問題,建立科學合理的風險評價方法顯得十分重要。本文在分析盾構隧道對地層、樁基、建筑物影響規(guī)律的基礎上,構建了盾構下穿既有建筑物樁基托換的風險管理體系,并結合廣州地鐵盾構下穿魚珠煤場宿舍A7樓工程,分析了盾構下穿既有建筑物樁基托換過程中主要風險因素,并針對主要風險要素制定相應的風險動態(tài)控制體系。為盾構下穿既有建筑物樁基托換施工提供了科學依據。主要工作如下:(1)分析了地鐵—地層—樁基—上部建筑物四者之間的相互作用關系。論文首先分析地鐵—地層—樁基—上部建筑物四者之間的關系,發(fā)現控制地層變形是保證盾構下穿既有建筑物的核心因素。接著在介紹盾構施工特點的基礎上分別介紹了盾構施工對地層的影響、地層變形對既有樁基的影響和地層變形對既有建筑物的影響。(2)構建了盾構下穿既有建筑物樁基托換風險管理體系。在分析了盾構隧道對地層、樁基、建筑物影響規(guī)律的基礎上,構建了盾構下穿既有建筑物樁基托換風險管理體系,識別出包括盾構隧道施工風險和建筑物自身風險在內的7大類36個風險因素。在對數據進行處理后利用專家知識建立貝葉斯網絡拓撲結構,并借助GeNIe2.0軟件參數學習的功能得到更為合理的盾構下穿既有建筑物樁基托換安全風險貝葉斯網絡。(3)以廣州地鐵盾構下穿魚珠煤場宿舍A7樓工程為例對風險管理體系進行應用。參照建立的盾構下穿既有建筑物樁基托換風險管理體系,結合廣州地鐵盾構下穿魚珠煤場宿舍A7樓工程,在識別出風險因素后,制作調查問卷獲取風險評價的基礎數據,并利用SPSS22.0軟件對基礎數據進行信度分析和效度分析。然后運用貝葉斯網絡自帶的算法,對得到的盾構下穿既有建筑物樁基托換安全風險貝葉斯網絡進行逆向推理、敏感性分析和最大致因鏈分析,找到對盾構下穿既有建筑物樁基托換安全影響較大的風險因素。針對較大的風險因素,制定相應的監(jiān)控體系和動態(tài)風險控制體系。監(jiān)控體系包括對主托梁受力的監(jiān)測、樓體傾斜和樓體結構變形的監(jiān)測、柱子沉降和千斤頂頂力的監(jiān)測。通過監(jiān)測數據實時對各風險因素進行反映,保證整個盾構隧道下穿既有建筑施工的安全。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, urban subway construction density is increasing. The density of the existing buildings in the city leads to the situation of passing through the existing buildings and structures in the process of subway construction, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of the subway construction and puts forward a new severe subject for the safe construction of the subway. The construction method of shield tunnel is usually used in the process of subway passing through the existing building, in which the pile foundation underpinning technique is needed to protect the building. It is very important to establish a scientific and reasonable risk assessment method to solve the safety problem of pile foundation underpinning under shield tunnel. On the basis of analyzing the influence of shield tunneling on stratum, pile foundation and building, this paper constructs the risk management system of pile foundation underpinning under shield tunneling, and combines with the A7 floor project of the dormitory of Yuzhu Coal Yard under shield tunneling in Guangzhou Metro. The main risk factors in the process of pile foundation replacement under shield machine are analyzed and the corresponding risk dynamic control system is established for the main risk factors. It provides scientific basis for pile foundation replacement construction under shield tunneling. The main works are as follows: (1) the interaction between the four subways, the stratum, the pile foundation and the upper building is analyzed. Firstly, the paper analyzes the relationship between the four persons of subway, stratum, pile foundation and upper building, and finds that controlling the deformation of stratum is the key factor to guarantee the penetration of existing building under shield. Then, on the basis of introducing the characteristics of shield construction, the influence of shield construction on stratum is introduced respectively. The influence of formation deformation on existing pile foundation and the influence of stratum deformation on existing building. (2) the risk management system of pile foundation underpinning under shield is constructed. On the basis of analyzing the influence of shield tunneling on stratum, pile foundation and building, the risk management system of pile foundation underpinning under shield tunneling is constructed. 36 risk factors including shield tunnel construction risk and building risk are identified. After processing the data, the topological structure of Bayesian network is established by using expert knowledge. With the help of the function of parameter learning of GeNIe2.0 software, a more reasonable Bayesian network for safety risk of pile foundation underpinning under shield tunneling is obtained. (3) the risk management system is applied to the A7 floor project of Yuzhu coal yard dormitory under shield tunneling in Guangzhou Metro. With reference to the established risk management system for pile foundation underpinning of existing buildings under shield tunneling, combined with the A7 floor project of the dormitory of Yuzhu Coal Yard under shield tunneling in Guangzhou Metro, after identifying the risk factors, a questionnaire was made to obtain the basic data of risk evaluation. The reliability and validity of basic data were analyzed by SPSS22.0 software. Then the Bayesian network with its own algorithm is used to carry out reverse reasoning, sensitivity analysis and maximum factor chain analysis to the security risk Bayesian network under shield tunneling pile foundation replacement of existing buildings. The risk factors affecting the safety of pile foundation underpinning under shield tunneling are found. According to the larger risk factors, the corresponding monitoring system and dynamic risk control system are established. The monitoring system includes the monitoring of the stress of the main bracket, the monitoring of the slope of the building and the deformation of the building structure, the monitoring of the settlement of the columns and the force of the Jack. The risk factors are reflected by monitoring data in real time to ensure the safety of the whole shield tunnel under the existing building construction.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U455.43;TU753

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