【摘要】：廢舊輪胎是一種資源,含有許多有益于改善瀝青性能的成分,利用廢舊輪胎膠粉改善瀝青的性能,不論對提高瀝青路面的使用性能、降低造價還是在節(jié)約社會資源和環(huán)境保護方面都有著巨大的經(jīng)濟價值和社會意義。然而,橡膠瀝青技術(shù)對于我國公路界來說還是一項新技術(shù),由于缺乏經(jīng)驗和規(guī)范性的要求,在橡膠瀝青結(jié)合料和混合料的組成設(shè)計、生產(chǎn)工藝、評價指標(biāo)、試驗標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、施工技術(shù)與質(zhì)量控制等方面還存在不少問題。本文對橡膠瀝青的評價指標(biāo)、溫拌橡膠瀝青及其SMA混合料技術(shù)、橡膠瀝青的生產(chǎn)質(zhì)量控制技術(shù)進行了研究。本文首先通過對25℃針入度和錐入度兩個指標(biāo)在評價橡膠瀝青稠度(或軟硬程度)方面的相關(guān)性、試驗數(shù)據(jù)的離散性和指標(biāo)對橡膠瀝青力學(xué)作用原理的差異等方面的綜合研究,揭示了錐入度作為橡膠瀝青這種固-液兩相材料的評價指標(biāo)更具有科學(xué)適用性,提出采用25℃錐入度代替目前的針入度作為橡膠瀝青的技術(shù)評價指標(biāo)。此外,通過進一步對橡膠瀝青錐入抗剪強度的規(guī)律特點、作為橡膠瀝青評價指標(biāo)的可行性及其指標(biāo)的允許變化范圍的研究,首次提出了可以采用錐入抗剪強度(25℃)作為橡膠瀝青的技術(shù)評價指標(biāo)。對25℃彈性恢復(fù)和回彈恢復(fù)兩個指標(biāo)在評價橡膠瀝青彈性性能方面的異同、指標(biāo)試驗原理、影響兩種彈性試驗結(jié)果的機理等多方面進行了研究。結(jié)果表明,回彈恢復(fù)試驗中橡膠瀝青的受力狀態(tài)和在實際路面中的受力狀態(tài)更為接近,且檢測結(jié)果不受膠粉顆粒周圍應(yīng)力集中的影響,對橡膠瀝青彈性特性的表征更科學(xué)合理,因此提出用25℃回彈恢復(fù)替代我國目前采用的彈性恢復(fù)作為橡膠瀝青彈性性能的評價指標(biāo)。我國現(xiàn)有的橡膠瀝青技術(shù)評價體系主要是沿襲的SBS等聚合物改性瀝青的評價體系,本文對我國現(xiàn)有的橡膠瀝青技術(shù)評價體系進行了修正,提出了更適宜于橡膠瀝青這種固-液兩相膠結(jié)材料的技術(shù)評價體系以及相應(yīng)的試驗儀器、試驗方法。在施工控制方面,針對橡膠瀝青生產(chǎn)過程中膠粉摻量偏差控制薄弱的現(xiàn)狀,研究了膠粉摻量偏差對橡膠瀝青性能指標(biāo)的影響,提出了橡膠瀝青的施工控制指標(biāo)。通過有機降黏型Sasobit溫拌劑和表面活性類溫拌劑對橡膠瀝青性能影響的研究,得出了不同溫拌劑對橡膠瀝青的影響特性,給出了橡膠瀝青膠結(jié)料溫拌劑選擇的建議。通過對橡膠瀝青和溫拌橡膠瀝青的黏度穩(wěn)定性進行研究得出,Sasobit不但對橡膠瀝青有顯著降黏作用,而且能使橡膠瀝青的黏度穩(wěn)定性更好,有利于保證橡膠瀝青性能和施工工藝的穩(wěn)定。對橡膠瀝青SMA混合料的溫拌劑類型與摻量選擇、拌和與壓實施工溫度確定、溫拌工藝對混合料溫拌降溫效果的影響等問題進行了研究。研究表明,對于橡膠瀝青SMA混合料的溫拌施工,按照變溫擊實馬歇爾試驗法,采用Sasobit溫拌劑并按濕法工藝摻入橡膠瀝青質(zhì)量的2%以上時可以達到比相應(yīng)熱拌施工溫度降低20~30℃的施工要求,橡膠瀝青混合料可按150~160℃的拌和溫度進行生產(chǎn)。最后驗證了Sasobit溫拌橡膠瀝青SMA混合料的路用性能及評價指標(biāo)。對橡膠瀝青預(yù)混攪拌技術(shù)、生產(chǎn)工藝和質(zhì)量控制技術(shù)進行了研究,通過對攪拌流體的理論分析和動力學(xué)仿真,優(yōu)化了橡膠瀝青預(yù)混攪拌設(shè)備和工藝參數(shù),應(yīng)用PID串級溫度控制系統(tǒng)對橡膠瀝青的反應(yīng)溫度進行控制,提高了溫度控制精度水平。通過鋪筑試驗路段檢驗,溫拌橡膠瀝青混合料的路用性能和工后檢測均達到了項目對相應(yīng)熱拌混合料施工的技術(shù)要求,節(jié)能減排效果明顯,表明所采用的溫拌施工工藝是可行的。
[Abstract]:Waste tire is a kind of resource, which contains many ingredients beneficial to improving asphalt performance. Using waste tire rubber powder to improve asphalt performance is of great economic value and social significance in improving asphalt pavement performance, reducing cost or saving social resources and environmental protection. It is still a new technology for China's highway industry. Due to lack of experience and standardization, there are still many problems in the design of rubber bitumen binder and mixture, production process, evaluation index, test standard, construction technology and quality control. SMA mixture technology, the production quality control technology of rubber bitumen is studied. Firstly, the correlation of the consistency of rubber bitumen (or soft and hard), the discreteness of the test data and the difference of the principle of the force of rubber bitumen are studied by the two indexes of 25 degrees centigrade and cone penetration. The evaluation index of the solid liquid two phase material as the rubber bitumen is more scientific and applicable. It is proposed that the penetration of 25 centigrade is used instead of the current needle penetration as the technical evaluation index of rubber bitumen. In addition, it is feasible to be used as the evaluation index of rubber bitumen by further analyzing the regularity of the shear strength of the rubber bitumen. In the study of the allowable range of the property and its indexes, the technical evaluation index of the taper shear strength (25 degrees C) as rubber bitumen is proposed for the first time. The differences and similarities of the elastic properties of rubber bitumen, the principle of the index test and the mechanism of affecting the results of the two kinds of elastic tests, are the two indexes of elastic recovery and resilience recovery at 25 degrees C. The results show that the stress state of rubber bitumen in the rebound recovery test is closer to the stress state in the actual pavement, and the test results are not affected by the stress concentration around the rubber particles, and the elastic characteristic of rubber bitumen is more scientific and reasonable. Therefore, it is proposed to replace the current recovery in China by 25 C springback. The elastic recovery is used as the evaluation index of the elastic properties of rubber bitumen. The existing evaluation system of rubber asphalt technology in China is mainly the evaluation system of SBS and other polymer modified bitumen. In this paper, the existing technical evaluation system of rubber asphalt in China is revised, and it is more suitable for rubber bitumen as a solid liquid two phase cementation. The technical evaluation system of materials and the corresponding test instruments and test methods. In the field of construction control, in view of the weakness of rubber pitch deviation control in the production process of rubber bitumen, the influence of the offset of rubber powder on the performance index of rubber bitumen is studied, and the construction control index of rubber asphalt is put forward. Through the organic viscosity reduction Sasobit The influence of warm mixing agent and surface active agent on the performance of rubber bitumen was studied. The influence characteristics of different warm mixing agents on rubber bitumen were obtained. The selection of warm mixing agent for rubber asphalt cementing material was given. Through the study of the viscosity stability of rubber bitumen and warm mixed rubber asphalt, Sasobit not only had significant effect on rubber bitumen. The viscosity stability of rubber bitumen is better and it can ensure the stability of rubber bitumen performance and construction technology. The research on the influence of the temperature mixing process on the temperature mixing effect of the mixture of rubber asphalt SMA mixture, the selection of the type and content of the mixing and the mixing and compaction, the influence of the warm mixing process on the temperature and temperature of the mixture and so on. According to the warm mixing of rubber bitumen SMA mixture, according to the temperature variable compaction Marshall test method, the construction requirements of 20~30 C can be reduced to 20~30 C than the corresponding hot mix construction temperature when the Sasobit warm mixing agent is added to the quality of rubber asphalt according to the wet process. The rubber asphalt mixture can be produced at the mixing temperature of 150~160 C. Finally, the road performance and evaluation index of Sasobit warm mixed rubber asphalt SMA mixture are verified. The premixed mixing technology of rubber bitumen, production technology and quality control technology are studied. Through the theoretical analysis and dynamic simulation of the mixing fluid, the pre mixing and mixing equipment and process parameters of rubber asphalt are optimized, and the cascade temperature of PID is applied. The degree control system controls the reaction temperature of rubber bitumen and improves the level of temperature control precision. Through the test of the pavement test section, the road performance and post test of the warm mixed rubber asphalt mixture have reached the technical requirements for the construction of the corresponding hot mix mixture, and the effect of the joint energy reduction is obvious, indicating the warm mixing construction adopted. The process is feasible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U414
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本文編號：2159319