【摘要】：近年來,環(huán)境問題日益加重,城市空氣污染亟待解決,電動汽車因其用能清潔、利于城市大氣污染防治等優(yōu)勢受到各國的廣泛關注。電動汽車的規(guī)模性發(fā)展勢必會為充電設施的規(guī)劃與建設帶來新的挑戰(zhàn)。充電樁是充電設施規(guī)劃建設的基本單元,合理的充電樁需求分析對電動汽車充電設施的建設有至關重要的作用,因此,本文將針對規(guī)模性電動汽車發(fā)展背景下的充電樁需求分析進行了研究與探討。本文首先對前人在電動汽車用電需求、車輛出行鏈模擬、充電設施需求分析等方面的研究進行了總結,分析了現(xiàn)有研究的優(yōu)點與不足。然后,基于前人研究,考慮到在某一區(qū)域內進行充電樁建設時,建設者更關心的是充電樁數(shù)量占停車位的比例(樁位比),而不是電動汽車數(shù)量與充電樁的比例,本文提出了充電樁需求分析的新思路:通過對電動汽車出行及充電行為的隨機模擬,得到車輛在各個區(qū)域的停車數(shù)量隨時間變化曲線和充電數(shù)量隨時間變化曲線,從而得到各個區(qū)域的樁位比和快慢速充電樁配置比例。本文提出了基于電動汽車出行隨機模擬的充電樁需求分析方法:通過對電動汽車在各地點停車時長的相似性分析,將不同地點歸類為六大類充電功能區(qū)域;考慮了用戶對電池荷電狀態(tài)變化的接受范圍;基于對車輛出行鏈中日出行次數(shù)、首次出行時刻、車輛目的轉移概率、行駛時長、停車時長、充電時長等各個出行和充電特征量的統(tǒng)計性分析,建立了電動汽車出行及充電模型,運用蒙特卡洛法分別模擬電動汽車在一日和一周兩種不同時間尺度下的出行鏈和在各目的地的充電樁需求比例,模擬中考慮了各區(qū)域內停車同時性和充電同時性問題。最后,結合實際行駛數(shù)據(jù),運用本文所建模型,輸入電動汽車模擬量和各類型電動汽車比例,即可得到各區(qū)域樁位比和快慢速充電樁配置比例。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the environmental problems are becoming more and more serious, and the urban air pollution needs to be solved urgently. Electric vehicles (EVs) have attracted wide attention in many countries because of their advantages of clean energy and good for the prevention and control of urban air pollution. The scale development of electric vehicles is bound to bring new challenges to the planning and construction of charging facilities. Charging pile is the basic unit of charging facility planning and construction. Reasonable demand analysis of charging pile plays an important role in the construction of electric vehicle charging facility. In this paper, the demand analysis of charging pile under the development background of scale electric vehicle is studied and discussed. In this paper, the previous research on electric vehicle power demand, vehicle travel chain simulation, charging facilities demand analysis and other aspects are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of the existing research are analyzed. Then, based on previous studies, considering that when building charging piles in a certain area, builders are more concerned about the proportion of charging piles in parking spaces (pile ratio) than the proportion of electric vehicles to charging piles. In this paper, a new idea of demand analysis of charging pile is presented. By simulating the trip and charging behavior of electric vehicle, the curve of parking number with time and the curve of charge quantity with time are obtained. The ratio of pile position and the proportion of fast and slow charging pile are obtained. In this paper, a method of charging pile demand analysis based on random simulation of electric vehicle trip is proposed. By analyzing the similarity of the length of parking time of electric vehicle in each location, the different locations are classified into six kinds of charging function areas. Taking into account the user's acceptance range of battery charge state change, based on the number of daily trips in the vehicle travel chain, the first trip time, the vehicle destination transfer probability, the driving time and the parking time, Based on the statistical analysis of the travel and charging characteristics of electric vehicles such as the length of the charging time, the travel and charging models of electric vehicles are established. Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the travel chain and the demand ratio of charging piles at different time scales of one day and one week respectively. The problem of parking synchronism and charging synchronism in each region is considered in the simulation. Finally, combining with the actual driving data and using the model established in this paper, the ratio of pile to position and the ratio of quick and slow charge pile in each region can be obtained by inputting the simulation quantity of electric vehicle and the proportion of each type of electric vehicle.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM910.6;U491.8

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本文編號：2139122