【摘要】：層狀雙羥基金屬復合氫氧化物(LDHs)是一種具有層狀結構的超分子材料,對紫外光線具有反射、散射和吸收作用,能有效降低紫外光對有機材料的破壞,改善SBS改性瀝青的耐紫外老化性能。由于LDHs中主板金屬元素的組成、層間客體陰離子的種類等因素均會影響著LDHs的抗紫外線的能力,因此研究不同組成結構的LDHs對SBS改性瀝青耐老化性能的影響規(guī)律,可為制備耐老化性能優(yōu)良的SBS改性瀝青提供實驗和理論指導。本文分別選用清潔工藝生產(chǎn)的Mg-Al LDHs,傳統(tǒng)共沉淀法與成核/晶化隔離法生產(chǎn)的Mg-Al LDHs,以及不同金屬元素組成的Zn-Mg-Al LDHs,采用X-射線熒光光譜(XRF)、傅立葉變換紅外光譜(FTIR)、掃描電鏡(SEM)、X-射線衍射(XRD)等手段分析表征了不同LDHs的組成與結構,利用紫外-可見光譜(UV-VIS)測試了不同LDHs的紫外反射性能;將不同LDHs摻加到SBS改性瀝青中,研究了不同LDHs對SBS改性瀝青物理、紫外老化和熱氧老化性能的影響。主要研究結論如下:(1)傳統(tǒng)工藝制備的Mg-Al LDHs與清潔生產(chǎn)工藝制備的Mg-Al LDHs層間距相同,但粒徑差異較大,前者粒徑為50~100nm,后者粒徑為300~400nm。紫外-可見光譜分析表明,LDHs對紫外光線的屏蔽阻隔效果與LDHs的粒徑大小以及層板金屬元素的組成有關:LDHs的粒徑與紫外光線的波長相差越小,紫外阻隔能力越好;在Mg-Al LDHs金屬層板中引入Zn元素,可明顯提高LDHs對紫外光線UVC段的吸收效果。(2)不同種類LDHs對SBS改性瀝青的軟化點和低溫柔度的影響均較小,隨著LDHs摻量增加,SBS改性瀝青的低溫柔度也基本不變,而軟化點略微增大。(3)LDHs可顯著的提升SBS改性瀝青的耐紫外光老化能力,其改善效果主要與LDHs的粒徑大小有關:LDHs的粒徑與紫外光線的波長越接近,SBS改性瀝青耐紫外光老化的能力越好。所以使用粒徑范圍為200~400nm的LDHs,可大大降低太陽光中UVB與UVA波段的紫外線對瀝青的老化作用。LDHs層板金屬元素的變化對SBS改性瀝青耐紫外光老化能力的影響較小,LDHs板層引入Zn元素并沒有明顯提高改性瀝青耐紫外光老化的能力。(4)LDHs可有效降低熱氧老化后瀝青軟化點與低溫柔度的變化,改善SBS改性瀝青耐熱氧老化的能力。這可能是因為LDHs的片層結構能阻隔氧氣進入SBS改性瀝青內(nèi)部,減少瀝青在熱與氧作用下的老化反應。(5)對于使用不同基質(zhì)瀝青制備的不同SBS改性瀝青,LDHs對它們物理性能的影響均很小,但對它們耐紫外光老化性能影響則有較大差異:瀝青所含飽和分、芳香分等輕組分較少時,耐老化性更為優(yōu)異。
[Abstract]:Layered double hydroxyl metal hydroxide (LDHs) is a kind of supramolecular material with layered structure, which can reflect, scatter and absorb ultraviolet rays, which can effectively reduce the destruction of organic materials by ultraviolet light. The UV aging resistance of SBS modified asphalt was improved. Because the composition of main board metal elements and the kinds of guest anions in LDHs affect the UV resistance of LDHs, the effects of LDHs with different composition on the aging resistance of SBS modified asphalt are studied. It can provide experimental and theoretical guidance for the preparation of SBS modified asphalt with excellent aging resistance. In this paper, Mg-Al LDHs produced by clean process, Mg-Al LDHs produced by conventional co-precipitation and nucleation / crystallization isolation method, and Zn-Mg-Al LDHs made of different metal elements were selected. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning were used. The composition and structure of different LDHs were characterized by means of electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The UV reflectance of different LDHs was measured by UV-VIS, and the effects of LDHs on physical, ultraviolet aging and thermal oxygen aging properties of SBS modified asphalt were studied by adding different LDHs into SBS modified asphalt. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the interlayer spacing of Mg-Al LDHs prepared by traditional process is the same as that of Mg-Al LDHs prepared by cleaner production process, but the particle size of the former is 50 ~ 100nm, while the latter is 300 ~ 400nm. The UV-Vis spectrum analysis shows that the shielding barrier effect of LDHs on UV lines is related to the size of LDHs and the composition of metal elements in laminate. The smaller the difference between the diameter of LDHs and the wavelength of UV lines is, the better the UV barrier ability is. When Zn element was introduced into Mg-Al LDHs metal laminates, the absorption effect of LDHs on UV UVC segment could be improved obviously. (2) the effects of different LDHs on softening point and low softness of SBS modified asphalt were small. With the increase of LDHs content, the low softness of SBS modified asphalt is almost unchanged, while the softening point is slightly increased. (3) LDHs can significantly improve the UV aging resistance of SBS modified asphalt. The improvement effect is mainly related to the particle size of LDHs. The closer the diameter of w LDHs to the wavelength of UV ray is, the better the resistance to UV aging of SBS modified asphalt is. So using LDHs with particle size range of 200~400nm can greatly reduce the aging effect of UVB and UVA-band ultraviolet rays on asphalt. The effect of metal elements on the UV aging resistance of 200~400nm modified asphalt is smaller than that of LDHs. (4) LDHs can effectively reduce the change of softening point and low tenderness of modified asphalt after thermal oxygen aging. Improve the heat and oxygen aging ability of SBS modified asphalt. This may be because the lamellar structure of LDHs prevents oxygen from entering the SBS modified asphalt. Reduce the aging reaction of asphalt under the action of heat and oxygen. (5) the effect of LDHs on the physical properties of different SBS modified asphalt prepared from different base asphalt is very small. However, the effect on their UV aging resistance is quite different: when the asphalt contains saturated fraction and less light component, such as aromatics, the aging resistance of asphalt is better.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U414

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