泥質(zhì)頁巖隧道施工開挖與支護(hù)力學(xué)特性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-13 08:01
【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)公路交通的迅猛發(fā)展,在中西部多山地區(qū)地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜,在隧道的建設(shè)過程中經(jīng)常要穿越地質(zhì)條件差的地層,泥質(zhì)頁巖地層就是其中一種。由于泥質(zhì)頁巖遇水軟化等特性,使得隧道在施工過程中經(jīng)常發(fā)生大變形、塌方,嚴(yán)重威脅著工作人員的生命安全,帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。泥質(zhì)頁巖隧道設(shè)計(jì)與施工是目前的一道難題,因此,有必要結(jié)合工程實(shí)際對(duì)泥質(zhì)頁巖隧道開挖與支護(hù)過程中圍巖遇水軟化情況進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究。本文依托在建的宜昌陸城至漁洋關(guān)一級(jí)公路延伸段新建工程簸箕山隧道,根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際采取的設(shè)計(jì)和施工方法,結(jié)合理論研究、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬的研究方法和思路,對(duì)該隧道圍巖和支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了系列研究。通過對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)的變形數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)合隧道地質(zhì)勘探結(jié)果,得出該地層泥質(zhì)頁巖在遇水軟化前后各項(xiàng)力學(xué)參數(shù)的變化情況,圍巖在遇水軟化后,彈性模量和粘聚力都降低,泊松比增大,內(nèi)摩擦角減小,圍巖抵抗變形的能力減弱;泥質(zhì)頁巖隧道變形大,ZK55+590斷面上臺(tái)階周邊收斂61.05mm,下臺(tái)階周邊收斂3.50mm,拱頂沉降37mm,圍巖遇水軟化后,隧道變形更大,ZK55+610斷面上臺(tái)階周邊收斂287.60mm,下臺(tái)階周邊收斂18.30mm,拱頂沉降226.85mm。變形速率隨著圍巖的軟化逐漸增大,后隨著圍巖應(yīng)力的釋放又逐漸減小。通過對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)情況的數(shù)值模擬分析,圍巖在沒有遇水軟化的計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)測(cè)結(jié)果基本相符,圍巖遇水軟化后的計(jì)算結(jié)果相對(duì)略小于實(shí)測(cè)結(jié)果。得出了在不同時(shí)期圍巖遇水軟化各分步開挖階段圍巖的位移、應(yīng)力場(chǎng)變化規(guī)律,支護(hù)襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)的變形、應(yīng)力分布及內(nèi)力分布情況。圍巖遇水軟化后,由于隧道的變形,錨桿與圍巖發(fā)生相對(duì)滑動(dòng),錨桿嵌入隧道圍巖,隧道變形大的部位也是錨桿受力大的部位,同時(shí)該部位錨桿與圍巖的相對(duì)滑動(dòng)也最大,數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)錨桿滑移的實(shí)際情況相符。隧道下臺(tái)階一次性開挖后施作的錨桿受力左右成對(duì)稱分布,下臺(tái)階左右分步開挖施作的錨桿受力成不對(duì)稱分布,后面施作的錨桿受力小于前面施作的錨桿受力,可以考慮折減最后施作錨桿的力學(xué)效應(yīng)。通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),隧道圍巖遇水軟化后初期支護(hù)發(fā)生整體下沉,沉降量由拱腳向拱肩逐漸增大,拱頂沉降相對(duì)小于拱肩沉降;通過對(duì)不同階段隧道圍巖遇水軟化下二次襯砌和仰拱的受力分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)在圍巖軟化的情況下進(jìn)行隧道的開挖時(shí),下臺(tái)階一次性開挖、仰拱一次性施作對(duì)隧道的安全性和穩(wěn)定性方面都有提高,并得出不同階段隧道圍巖遇水軟化隧道在后期運(yùn)營(yíng)階段均處于安全狀態(tài)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of highway traffic in China, the geological conditions in mountainous areas in the central and western regions are complex. In the process of tunnel construction, it is often necessary to pass through the strata with poor geological conditions, among which the shale-shale formation is one of them. Due to the characteristics of shale-water softening, large deformation and collapse often occur in the construction process of the tunnel, which seriously threaten the safety of the workers and bring economic losses. The design and construction of shale tunnel is a difficult problem at present. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically study the surrounding rock softening in the excavation and support process of shale tunnel combined with engineering practice. This paper relies on the newly built Boji Mountain Tunnel in the extension section of the first class highway from Yichang Lucheng to Yuyangguan. According to the actual design and construction methods adopted on the spot, combined with theoretical research, field experiments and numerical simulation research methods and ideas, The surrounding rock and supporting structure of the tunnel are studied in a series. By analyzing the deformation data of real-time monitoring in the field and combining with the geological exploration results of the tunnel, the variation of the mechanical parameters of the shale in the formation before and after the water softening is obtained, and the surrounding rock after the water softening, The elastic modulus and cohesive force decrease, Poisson's ratio increases, the angle of internal friction decreases, and the ability of surrounding rock to resist deformation is weakened. The deformation of muddy shale tunnel in section ZK55590 converges to 61.05mm in the upper step periphery, 3.50mm in the lower step periphery, 37mm in the dome settlement. After the surrounding rock is softened, the deformation of the tunnel is greater than that of the ZK55610 section. The convergence of the upper step perimeter is 287.60mm, the lower step peripheral convergence is 18.30mm, and the dome settlement is 226.85mm. The deformation rate increases gradually with the softening of surrounding rock, and then decreases with the stress release of surrounding rock. Through the numerical simulation and analysis of the field conditions, it is found that the calculated results of the surrounding rock without water softening are basically consistent with the measured results, and the calculated results of the surrounding rock after the water softening are relatively smaller than those of the measured ones. The displacement, stress field, deformation, stress distribution and internal force distribution of surrounding rock in different stages of excavation are obtained. After the surrounding rock softens in water, because of the deformation of the tunnel, the relative sliding between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock occurs, the anchor rod is embedded in the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the large deformation part of the tunnel is also the part where the anchor rod has a large force, at the same time, the relative sliding between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock is also the largest. The results of numerical simulation are in agreement with the actual situation of anchor slippage in situ. The anchor force applied after one-off excavation of the lower steps of the tunnel is symmetrical distributed on the left and right side of the tunnel, and the stress on the anchor rod after the step excavation of the lower step is asymmetrical, and the force applied at the end of the tunnel is less than that of the anchor rod applied in the previous step. The mechanical effect of reducing the final application of anchor rod can be considered. Through the research, it is found that the initial support of tunnel surrounding rock softens in the initial stage, the settlement gradually increases from arch foot to arch shoulder, and the settlement of arch roof is relatively smaller than that of arch shoulder. Through the stress analysis of secondary lining and inverted arch of tunnel surrounding rock under water softening in different stages, it is found that when tunnel excavation is carried out under the condition of surrounding rock softening, the one-off excavation of lower steps is carried out. The safety and stability of the tunnel are improved by the one-off operation of inverted arch, and it is concluded that the tunnel surrounding rock in different stages is in the safe state in the later stage of operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U455
本文編號(hào)：2118716
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of highway traffic in China, the geological conditions in mountainous areas in the central and western regions are complex. In the process of tunnel construction, it is often necessary to pass through the strata with poor geological conditions, among which the shale-shale formation is one of them. Due to the characteristics of shale-water softening, large deformation and collapse often occur in the construction process of the tunnel, which seriously threaten the safety of the workers and bring economic losses. The design and construction of shale tunnel is a difficult problem at present. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically study the surrounding rock softening in the excavation and support process of shale tunnel combined with engineering practice. This paper relies on the newly built Boji Mountain Tunnel in the extension section of the first class highway from Yichang Lucheng to Yuyangguan. According to the actual design and construction methods adopted on the spot, combined with theoretical research, field experiments and numerical simulation research methods and ideas, The surrounding rock and supporting structure of the tunnel are studied in a series. By analyzing the deformation data of real-time monitoring in the field and combining with the geological exploration results of the tunnel, the variation of the mechanical parameters of the shale in the formation before and after the water softening is obtained, and the surrounding rock after the water softening, The elastic modulus and cohesive force decrease, Poisson's ratio increases, the angle of internal friction decreases, and the ability of surrounding rock to resist deformation is weakened. The deformation of muddy shale tunnel in section ZK55590 converges to 61.05mm in the upper step periphery, 3.50mm in the lower step periphery, 37mm in the dome settlement. After the surrounding rock is softened, the deformation of the tunnel is greater than that of the ZK55610 section. The convergence of the upper step perimeter is 287.60mm, the lower step peripheral convergence is 18.30mm, and the dome settlement is 226.85mm. The deformation rate increases gradually with the softening of surrounding rock, and then decreases with the stress release of surrounding rock. Through the numerical simulation and analysis of the field conditions, it is found that the calculated results of the surrounding rock without water softening are basically consistent with the measured results, and the calculated results of the surrounding rock after the water softening are relatively smaller than those of the measured ones. The displacement, stress field, deformation, stress distribution and internal force distribution of surrounding rock in different stages of excavation are obtained. After the surrounding rock softens in water, because of the deformation of the tunnel, the relative sliding between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock occurs, the anchor rod is embedded in the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the large deformation part of the tunnel is also the part where the anchor rod has a large force, at the same time, the relative sliding between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock is also the largest. The results of numerical simulation are in agreement with the actual situation of anchor slippage in situ. The anchor force applied after one-off excavation of the lower steps of the tunnel is symmetrical distributed on the left and right side of the tunnel, and the stress on the anchor rod after the step excavation of the lower step is asymmetrical, and the force applied at the end of the tunnel is less than that of the anchor rod applied in the previous step. The mechanical effect of reducing the final application of anchor rod can be considered. Through the research, it is found that the initial support of tunnel surrounding rock softens in the initial stage, the settlement gradually increases from arch foot to arch shoulder, and the settlement of arch roof is relatively smaller than that of arch shoulder. Through the stress analysis of secondary lining and inverted arch of tunnel surrounding rock under water softening in different stages, it is found that when tunnel excavation is carried out under the condition of surrounding rock softening, the one-off excavation of lower steps is carried out. The safety and stability of the tunnel are improved by the one-off operation of inverted arch, and it is concluded that the tunnel surrounding rock in different stages is in the safe state in the later stage of operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U455
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