本文選題：快速路 + 離散性　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市快速路作為城市道路的重要組成部分之一,與主干路、次干路、支路一起構成道路交通網絡,服務城市交通�？焖俾肥浅鞘袃鹊母咚俚缆�,而日益嚴重的交通擁堵問題也逐漸困擾其交通的運行,如何提高快速路的通行效率、減少擁堵的產生成為交通領域比較關注的問題。而快速路的合理限速區(qū)間的制定可以實現道路行車安全、通行高效以及緩解交通擁堵的目的。因此,本文旨在研究城市快速路的合理限速標準區(qū)間,為快速路的限速實施提供依據和參考�；诮煌ㄕ{查數據,對城市快速路基本路段的流量、速度、車型組成、事故情況等進行了統(tǒng)計分析,得到了快速路交通流分布特征,提出了速度的離散性含義,定義了三種速度離散性描述方法:速度標準差、鄰車速度差和85%與15%位車速差。為后文分析城市快速路速度離散性對交通事故以及對道路通行能力的影響奠定基礎。通過分析跟馳車輛速度差值與車輛安全間距模型,可知速度離散性越大、車輛行駛需要的安全間距越大,因此減小城市快速路車輛的速度離散度,能提高車輛行駛的安全性。國內外研究成果表明,速度離散性與交通事故率存在函數關系;通過對實測數據的速度離散性指標與事故率進行數據擬合,得到了各速度離散性指標與事故率的函數模型。借助事故率容忍值確定了不同安全水平下城市快速路速度離散性的容忍值,并進行影響分析,證明模型的有效性。速度離散對通行能力的影響方面,建立了鄰車速度標準差對通行能力的修正系數模型,分析速度離散對通行能力的影響,得出在相同的交通流密度下,速度離散性越小,對實際通行能力的影響就越小的結論。從高峰和平峰兩個時段分別建立約束模型,基于安全性、舒適性、通行能力建立了最高限速模型,考慮速度離散的安全性指標確定快速路最低限速值,并給出不同設計速度下的快速路最低和最高限速標準推薦值,確定了快速路合理的限速區(qū)間。最后給出快速路基本路段的可變限速實施策略,為快速路限速的實施提出一種可行性方案。
[Abstract]:As one of the important parts of urban road, urban expressway, together with trunk road, secondary trunk road and branch road, constitutes road traffic network and serves urban traffic. The expressway is the high-speed road in the city, and the increasingly serious traffic congestion problem is also gradually perplexing the operation of its traffic. How to improve the efficiency of the expressway and reduce the generation of congestion has become a more concerned problem in the traffic field. The establishment of reasonable speed limit of expressway can achieve the purpose of road safety, high efficiency and traffic congestion alleviation. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the reasonable speed limit standard interval of the urban expressway, and to provide the basis and reference for the speed limit implementation of the expressway. Based on the traffic survey data, the traffic flow, speed, vehicle type composition and accident situation of the basic section of the urban expressway are statistically analyzed, and the characteristics of the traffic flow distribution on the expressway are obtained, and the discrete meaning of the speed is put forward. Three description methods of velocity discreteness are defined: speed standard deviation, adjacent speed difference and velocity difference of 85% and 15%. It lays a foundation for the analysis of the influence of the speed dispersion of urban expressway on traffic accidents and road capacity. By analyzing the model of vehicle speed difference and vehicle safety distance, it can be seen that the greater the speed dispersion, the greater the safety distance required for vehicle driving. Therefore, reducing the speed dispersion of urban expressway vehicles can improve the safety of vehicle driving. The research results at home and abroad show that there is a functional relationship between the speed discreteness and the traffic accident rate, and the function model of the speed discreteness index and the accident rate is obtained by fitting the speed dispersion index and the accident rate of the measured data. The tolerance value of speed dispersion of urban expressway under different safety level is determined by means of the tolerance value of accident rate, and the influence analysis is carried out to prove the validity of the model. In terms of the influence of speed dispersion on capacity, the modified coefficient model of the standard deviation of adjacent vehicle speed to capacity is established, and the influence of speed dispersion on capacity is analyzed. It is concluded that the smaller the speed dispersion is under the same traffic density, the smaller the speed dispersion is. The smaller the impact on actual capacity, the smaller the conclusion. The maximum speed limit model is established from two periods of peak and peak, and the maximum speed limit model is established based on safety, comfort and capacity. The minimum speed limit of expressway is determined by considering the discrete safety index of speed. At the same time, the recommended values of the lowest and the highest speed limit of the expressway under different design speeds are given, and the reasonable speed limit interval of the expressway is determined. Finally, the variable speed limit implementation strategy of the basic section of the expressway is given, and a feasible scheme for the speed limit implementation of the expressway is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491

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本文編號：2107564