本文選題：TBM刀盤 + 動態(tài)特性��； 參考：《大連理工大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：全斷面巖石掘進機(TBM)是隧道施工領域典型的大型復雜裝備,其技術復雜和附加值高,反映一個國家的裝備制造業(yè)水平。刀盤是TBM的核心部件,其壽命等同于TBM的壽命,掘進過程中會遇到高硬度、高溫、高石英含量的“三高”圍巖環(huán)境,加以不同類型的滾刀群多點沖擊破巖特性使得刀盤振動極其劇烈,受力性態(tài)及力流傳遞規(guī)律極其復雜,導致刀盤在未達到預定壽命指標前出現(xiàn)大面積損傷開裂的嚴重工程問題。其根本原因在于上述極端環(huán)境下刀盤系統(tǒng)的動力學行為及損傷機理難以預測,實現(xiàn)強沖擊環(huán)境下刀盤的減振抗損設計難度極大。因此,對TBM刀盤的動態(tài)特性及疲勞壽命進行分析和預測,提出結構參數(shù)的設計依據(jù),具有較大的理論價值及工程意義。本文以中方五分式刀盤為例,對其振動特性及疲勞壽命展開深入研究和探討,主要研究內容如下：1)復雜因素影響下分體式TBM刀盤系統(tǒng)多自由度耦合動力學行為及其振動機理：綜合考慮空間多點時變隨機激勵、輪齒嚙合剛度、間隙及軸承剛度等內外部因素影響,推導構件間的變形協(xié)調關系,建立分體式TBM刀盤系統(tǒng)的耦合動力學模型,提出了基于Newmark-β的分體式TBM刀盤系統(tǒng)快速解耦方法,進而分析不同掘進參數(shù)、分體質量參數(shù)、主驅動布置參數(shù)等復雜因素對刀盤系統(tǒng)振動特性的影響規(guī)律,并用掘進現(xiàn)場的刀盤振動實測加速度數(shù)據(jù)驗證及修正了動力學模型的準確性及可信度。2)基于子模型技術的分體式刀盤結構復合型應力強度因子模型：針對刀盤結構及邊界載荷的復雜性,其裂紋應力強度因子難以確定。結合刀盤結合面動態(tài)載荷及多滾刀空間時變激勵,采用雨流計數(shù)法統(tǒng)計得到8級等效的疲勞載荷譜,提出基于子模型技術的分體式刀盤結構復合型應力強度因子計算方法,并用Newman-Raju公式進行了方法的驗證。進而,分析裂紋位置角、形狀比及相對深度等參數(shù)對應力強度因子的影響,揭示了不同參數(shù)下裂紋尖端的主導擴展規(guī)律。3)復雜邊界條件下TBM刀盤的裂紋擴展壽命預測及參數(shù)影響：基于各級等效的疲勞載荷譜,擬合分體刀盤薄弱部位裂紋尖端最深處等效應力強度因子幅的數(shù)學表達,分析刀盤的裂紋擴展規(guī)律,基于Newman模型及累積損傷理論建立其疲勞裂紋擴展壽命預測模型,進而預測疲勞壽命,并用刀盤特征子結構進行裂紋擴展實驗驗證。同時,分析不同盤體結構參數(shù)、裂紋尺寸參數(shù)及擴展速率參數(shù)對刀盤壽命的影響規(guī)律,為刀盤的結構設計、抗損準則、故障檢修策略及選材提供借鑒。4)遼西北供水工程TBM刀盤振動特性及壽命預測：為進一步驗證本文模型及方法的有效性及實用性,以遼西北供水工程刀盤為例,采用本文方法建立其系統(tǒng)振動模型,計算刀盤的動態(tài)響應及結合面動態(tài)載荷,預測其疲勞壽命,并提出盤體結構的改進方案。
[Abstract]:Full-section rock tunneling machine (TBM) is a typical large-scale complex equipment in the field of tunnel construction. Its technical complexity and high added value reflect the level of a country's equipment manufacturing industry. The cutter head is the core component of TBM, and its life is equal to that of TBM. In the process of driving, the "three high" surrounding rock environments with high hardness, high temperature and high quartz content will be encountered. When different types of hobs are used to break rock, the vibration of the cutter head is extremely intense, and the mechanical behavior and the law of force flow transfer are very complicated, which leads to the serious engineering problem of large area damage and cracking before the cutter head does not reach the predetermined life target. The fundamental reason is that it is difficult to predict the dynamic behavior and damage mechanism of the cutter head system under the above extreme environment, and it is very difficult to design the vibration absorption and damage resistance of the cutter head under the strong impact environment. Therefore, it is of great theoretical value and engineering significance to analyze and predict the dynamic characteristics and fatigue life of TBM cutter head and to put forward the design basis of structural parameters. In this paper, the vibration characteristics and fatigue life of the Chinese five-point cutter head are studied and discussed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) under the influence of complex factors, the coupling dynamic behavior and vibration mechanism of a split TBM cutter head system with multi-degrees of freedom are considered: considering the spatial multi-point time-varying random excitation, the gear tooth meshing stiffness, Under the influence of internal and external factors such as clearance and bearing stiffness, the deformation coordination relationship between components is deduced, the coupling dynamic model of split TBM cutter head system is established, and the fast decoupling method of split TBM cutter head system based on Newmark- 尾 is proposed. Furthermore, the influence of complex factors, such as different tunneling parameters, mass parameters and main driving layout parameters, on the vibration characteristics of the cutter head system is analyzed. The accuracy and reliability of the dynamic model are verified and corrected by the measured acceleration data of the cutter head vibration at the excavation site. 2) based on the sub-model technology, the composite stress-intensity factor model of the split cutter head structure is proposed: aiming at the cutter head junction. The complexity of the construction of boundary loads, The crack stress intensity factor is difficult to determine. Combined with dynamic load of cutter face and time-varying excitation of multi-hob space, the equivalent fatigue load spectrum of 8 stages is obtained by using rain flow counting method, and a method for calculating composite stress intensity factor of split cutter head structure based on sub-model technique is proposed. The method is verified by Newman-Raju formula. Furthermore, the influence of crack position angle, shape ratio and relative depth on the stress intensity factor is analyzed. The crack propagation life prediction and parameter influence of TBM cutter head under complex boundary conditions are revealed. The fatigue load spectrum of different equivalent levels is used to predict the crack growth life. The mathematical expression of equivalent stress intensity factor amplitude at the deepest part of the crack tip of the split cutter head is fitted, and the crack propagation law of the cutter head is analyzed. Based on Newman model and cumulative damage theory, the prediction model of fatigue crack propagation life is established. The fatigue life is predicted and the crack propagation is verified by the characteristic substructure of the cutter head. At the same time, the effects of structural parameters, crack size parameters and propagation rate parameters on the life of the cutter head are analyzed, which are the structural design of the cutter head and the criterion of resistance to damage. Vibration characteristics and Life Prediction of TBM Cutter head in Northwest Liaoning Water supply Project. In order to further verify the validity and practicability of the model and method in this paper, the cutter head of Liaoning Northwest Water supply Project is taken as an example. The vibration model of the system is established by using the method in this paper. The dynamic response of the cutter head and the dynamic load of the joint surface are calculated, the fatigue life is predicted, and the improvement scheme of the structure of the disc body is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U455.31

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本文編號：2077129