本文選題：索力測試 + 攝影測量��； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：拉索是索結(jié)構(gòu)橋梁的主要傳力構(gòu)件,索結(jié)構(gòu)的受力狀態(tài)直接反映了全橋的健康狀況,因此,需要對拉索進(jìn)行持續(xù)索力監(jiān)測。頻率法憑借其方便、快速、可重復(fù)測試等特點(diǎn)在工程中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。但在某些特定條件下它們存在測量速度慢、工作繁瑣、設(shè)備昂貴、難以考慮拉索邊界條件等不足之處。針對以上問題,本文采用基于攝影測量和基于拉索模態(tài)振型進(jìn)行索力識別,主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)開展了基于運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)圖像跟蹤法的拉索索力測試研究。在拉索上布置目標(biāo)測點(diǎn),用攝像機(jī)獲取單個(gè)及多個(gè)目標(biāo)的振動(dòng)圖像序列,利用背景差分法進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)檢測,基于卡爾曼濾波法對運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)進(jìn)行跟蹤,獲得拉索多個(gè)目標(biāo)測點(diǎn)的振動(dòng)位移時(shí)程曲線,進(jìn)而利用頻率法求解拉索索力。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,與加速度傳感器的結(jié)果相比,攝影測量法測試結(jié)果誤差較小,是基于頻率的拉索索力測試方法的有效發(fā)展與補(bǔ)充。(2)研究了基于攝影測量的拉索振動(dòng)位移測量方法。用相機(jī)標(biāo)定板作為參照物,通過相機(jī)成像平面上的點(diǎn)和標(biāo)定板上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)對應(yīng)關(guān)系建立攝像機(jī)模型,從而建立二維圖像與三維實(shí)體間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,求解相機(jī)的內(nèi)、外部參數(shù)。進(jìn)行了相機(jī)標(biāo)定后,即能通過目標(biāo)在圖像上的位移推出它的實(shí)際位移。(3)研究了基于振型的拉索索力識別方法。這種方法通過選取拉索振動(dòng)模態(tài)的兩個(gè)駐點(diǎn),將兩個(gè)駐點(diǎn)之間的拉索等效為兩端鉸接的計(jì)算模型,根據(jù)兩端鉸接的拉索索力與振動(dòng)頻率的關(guān)系計(jì)算等效模型的索力,并將它近似視作原索索力。經(jīng)過ANSYS仿真分析及實(shí)驗(yàn)室模擬初步驗(yàn)證了其精度和可行性。
[Abstract]:Cable is the main force transfer component of cable structure bridge. The stress state of cable structure directly reflects the health condition of the whole bridge. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the cable force continuously. Frequency method has been widely used in engineering because of its convenience, speed and repeatability. However, in some special conditions, they have some shortcomings such as slow measurement speed, tedious work, expensive equipment, difficult to consider cable boundary conditions and so on. In order to solve the above problems, cable force identification based on photogrammetry and cable modal mode is adopted in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) the research of cable force testing based on moving object image tracking method is carried out. The measuring points are arranged on the cable, the vibration image sequences of single or multiple targets are obtained by the camera, the moving target is detected by background difference method, and the moving target is tracked based on Kalman filter. The vibration displacement time history curve of several target measuring points is obtained, and the cable force is solved by frequency method. The experimental results show that the error of photogrammetry is smaller than that of acceleration sensor. It is an effective development and supplement of cable force measurement method based on frequency. (2) the vibration displacement measurement method based on photogrammetry is studied. Using the camera calibration board as the reference, the camera model is established by the coordinate correspondence relationship between the points on the camera imaging plane and the points on the calibration board, and the corresponding relationship between the two-dimensional image and the three-dimensional entity is established, and the internal and external parameters of the camera are solved. After the camera is calibrated, the actual displacement of the target can be deduced by the displacement of the target on the image. (3) the method of cable force recognition based on vibration mode is studied. By selecting two static points of the vibration mode of the cable, the cable between the two points is equivalent to the calculation model of the two ends of the cable hinge, and the cable force of the equivalent model is calculated according to the relationship between the cable force and the vibration frequency of the two ends of the cable. It is approximately regarded as the original cable force. The accuracy and feasibility are preliminarily verified by ANSYS simulation and laboratory simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U446

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 汪沖;席志紅;肖春麗;;基于背景差分的運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)檢測方法[J];應(yīng)用科技;2009年10期

2 柯紅軍;李德慧;李曉寶;;減震器對斜拉索索力檢測的影響[J];中外公路;2008年03期

3 方志;汪建群;顏江平;;基于頻率法的拉索及吊桿張力測試[J];振動(dòng)與沖擊;2007年09期

4 劉志勇;;斜拉橋斜拉索索力測試方法綜述[J];鐵道建筑;2007年04期

5 孫芳錦,殷志祥;一種新型索膜結(jié)構(gòu)——倒傘式可展膜結(jié)構(gòu)的研究[J];工業(yè)建筑;2005年S1期

6 任偉新;陳剛;;由基頻計(jì)算拉索拉力的實(shí)用公式[J];土木工程學(xué)報(bào);2005年11期

7 高建勛;斜拉橋索力測試方法及誤差研究[J];公路與汽運(yùn);2004年04期

8 張艷珍,歐宗瑛;一種新的攝像機(jī)線性標(biāo)定方法[J];中國圖象圖形學(xué)報(bào);2001年08期

9 高立志,方勇,林志航,陳康寧;高精度立體視覺測量中一種通用的攝像機(jī)標(biāo)定技術(shù)[J];機(jī)械科學(xué)與技術(shù);1998年05期

10 鄧華,董石麟,包紅澤;拉索預(yù)應(yīng)力空間網(wǎng)格結(jié)構(gòu)的計(jì)算分析方法[J];浙江大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);1998年05期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周亞剛;斜拉索—輔助索系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力特性和減振研究[D];同濟(jì)大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 莊瑞華;拉索—多支撐系統(tǒng)索力識別研究[D];湖南大學(xué);2014年

2 夏祥麟;環(huán)境激勵(lì)模態(tài)分析方法的比較[D];中南大學(xué);2013年

3 鄧龍飛;橋梁氣動(dòng)彈性模型的模態(tài)參數(shù)識別[D];湖南大學(xué);2011年

4 鄭玉鳳;微光條件下視頻目標(biāo)跟蹤關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究[D];天津理工大學(xué);2011年

5 劉偉靜;視頻序列目標(biāo)檢測與跟蹤技術(shù)的研究[D];河北大學(xué);2009年

，

本文編號：2068273