本文選題：交通安全 + 交通沖突技術(shù)　； 參考：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：交叉口是城市道路交通的瓶頸點(diǎn)和事故多發(fā)區(qū)域,減少交叉口的事故發(fā)生率,提高交叉口的安全性對(duì)保障出行者的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全和城市道路暢通運(yùn)行至關(guān)重要。做好城市道路交叉口的安全評(píng)價(jià)是提高交叉口安全性的重要內(nèi)容,也是城市道路交通安全評(píng)價(jià)領(lǐng)域中的重要內(nèi)容,對(duì)分析城市道路交叉口事故誘因與機(jī)理、改善城市道路交叉口安全設(shè)計(jì)與運(yùn)營(yíng)管理都具有重要指導(dǎo)價(jià)值。本文首先基于國(guó)內(nèi)外平面交叉口交通沖突研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的分析,總結(jié)發(fā)現(xiàn)國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者更加傾向于從交通沖突為出發(fā)點(diǎn),定性分析交叉口交通沖突的概率,對(duì)交叉口的安全水平進(jìn)行研究;然后分析總結(jié)了平面交叉口交通沖突的應(yīng)用問題,包括沖突種類與碰撞角度分類單一、沖突危險(xiǎn)度影響因素完整性不足、沖突危險(xiǎn)性大小或危險(xiǎn)度計(jì)算與評(píng)價(jià)考慮因素不全面等問題;最后,利用灰色聚類評(píng)估原理,針對(duì)交叉口不同種類交通沖突危險(xiǎn)度的計(jì)算問題,構(gòu)建了一種基于交通沖突技術(shù)的城市道路交叉口危險(xiǎn)度的系統(tǒng)計(jì)算模型與方法。模型構(gòu)建的具體內(nèi)容為:第一,將城市道路信號(hào)平面交叉口可能存在的交通沖突分為機(jī)動(dòng)車間沖突、機(jī)非沖突、機(jī)動(dòng)車與行人沖突、非機(jī)動(dòng)車間沖突、非機(jī)動(dòng)車與行人沖突5大類,提取影響沖突危險(xiǎn)度大小的6類因素,包括沖突參與者類別、避讓空間大小、沖突碰撞角度、沖突持續(xù)時(shí)長(zhǎng)、沖突區(qū)域大小、參與者相對(duì)速度;第二,根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)查及模型計(jì)算,確定各因素在不危險(xiǎn)、輕微危險(xiǎn)、一般危險(xiǎn)、非常危險(xiǎn)、極度危險(xiǎn)5個(gè)區(qū)間的取值范圍,利用灰色聚類評(píng)估模型,分析計(jì)算每個(gè)因素對(duì)交通沖突危險(xiǎn)度的影響權(quán)重大小,根據(jù)各類交通沖突影響因素所在的危險(xiǎn)度區(qū)間閾值,加權(quán)計(jì)算此類交通沖突的綜合危險(xiǎn)度;第三,通過分析在同一周期內(nèi)5類交通沖突的發(fā)生次數(shù),計(jì)算此周期所有交通沖突的綜合危險(xiǎn)度,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)交叉口一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的危險(xiǎn)度判別。論文研究結(jié)果表明:本文所提出的基于TCT的城市道路平面交叉口安全評(píng)價(jià)研究方法不僅可以有效計(jì)算交叉口某類交通沖突的危險(xiǎn)度,有利于對(duì)平面交叉口不同時(shí)段交通沖突安全水平進(jìn)行比較,還可以計(jì)算一段時(shí)間內(nèi)平面交叉口發(fā)生的所有交通沖突的綜合危險(xiǎn)度,方便不同平面交叉口間交通沖突危險(xiǎn)度的橫向比較,并可依據(jù)新建平面交叉口不同參與者的流量及分布規(guī)律,對(duì)平面交叉口的交通沖突危險(xiǎn)度進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。
[Abstract]:Intersection is the bottleneck point and accident prone area of urban road traffic. It is very important to reduce the incidence of accidents and improve the safety of intersection in order to ensure the safety of life and property of travelers and the smooth operation of urban roads. The safety evaluation of urban road intersections is an important content to improve the safety of intersections, and it is also an important content in the field of urban road traffic safety evaluation. This paper analyzes the accident inducement and mechanism of urban road intersections. Improving the safety design and operation management of urban road intersection has important guiding value. Firstly, based on the analysis of the current situation and development trend of traffic conflicts at intersections at home and abroad, it is found that scholars at home and abroad are more inclined to qualitatively analyze the probability of traffic conflicts at intersections from the point of view of traffic conflicts. The safety level of intersections is studied, and then the application of traffic conflicts at intersections is analyzed and summarized, including the single classification of conflict types and collision angles, and the lack of integrity of factors affecting conflict risk. The calculation and evaluation of the risk of conflict is not comprehensive. Finally, using the theory of grey clustering evaluation, the paper aims at the calculation of the risk of different traffic conflicts at intersections. A systematic calculation model and method of urban road intersection risk based on traffic conflict technology is constructed. The specific contents of the model are as follows: first, the possible traffic conflicts at signalized intersections of urban roads are divided into motor vehicle conflict, motor vehicle conflict and pedestrian conflict, non-motor vehicle conflict. There are five categories of non-motor vehicle and pedestrian conflict. Six kinds of factors affecting the risk of conflict are extracted, including the type of conflict participants, the size of avoidance space, the angle of conflict collision, the duration of conflict, the size of conflict area, and the relative speed of participants. Second, according to the actual investigation and model calculation, determine the value range of the five intervals of no danger, slight danger, general danger, very dangerous, extreme danger, and use the grey cluster evaluation model. Analyze and calculate the influence weight of each factor on traffic conflict risk, calculate the comprehensive risk degree of traffic conflict according to the risk interval threshold of each kind of traffic conflict influence factor; third, By analyzing the occurrence times of five kinds of traffic conflicts in the same period, the comprehensive risk degree of all traffic conflicts in this period is calculated, and the risk degree of intersection is judged for a period of time. The research results show that the TCT-based safety evaluation method for urban road intersections can not only effectively calculate the risk of traffic conflicts at intersections. It is helpful to compare the safety level of traffic conflicts between different periods of time at intersections, and can also calculate the comprehensive risk of all traffic conflicts that occur at intersections within a certain period of time. It is convenient to compare the traffic conflict risk degree between different intersections, and can predict the traffic conflict risk degree according to the flow and distribution law of different participants in the newly built intersection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U492.8

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本文編號(hào)：2012553