本文選題：自振特性 + 高速攝像機(jī)�。� 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：鑒于橋梁在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和人民生活中所發(fā)揮的重大作用,橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的健康維護(hù)和保障已成為現(xiàn)代工程技術(shù)人員的重要研究方向。隨著運(yùn)營時間的增長和車流量的增加,橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)會產(chǎn)生不同程度的損傷,從而嚴(yán)重影響結(jié)構(gòu)的安全性和耐久性。橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的自振特性可以反映橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的整體剛度,基于自振特性的模態(tài)參數(shù)能夠有效識別橋梁的損傷情況,所以研究一種更加方便、智能的橋梁自振特性測試方法具有一定的實際意義。本文首先總結(jié)了橋梁在動力測試中,橋梁動位移的常用測量方法及其優(yōu)缺點,結(jié)合數(shù)字圖像處理技術(shù),研究基于高速攝像技術(shù)的橋梁動態(tài)位移測量方法。在實驗室內(nèi),采用秒表進(jìn)行了高速攝像機(jī)拍攝頻率的標(biāo)定,以采集的時間間隔和消耗的總時間來評價拍攝頻率的穩(wěn)定性,試驗結(jié)果表明,在靜態(tài)實驗中,位移誤差都在毫米級;本文還使用高速攝像機(jī)做了懸臂梁結(jié)構(gòu)的一維運(yùn)動的監(jiān)測實驗研究,對角度、距離、測點、采集頻率、懸臂梁結(jié)構(gòu)的長度采取控制變量的研究方法,采集測點在振動下的圖像。然后通過圖像處理相關(guān)方法,得到測點的坐標(biāo)像素值,并計算坐標(biāo)的像素變化值;把像素單位通過標(biāo)定的比例換算成長度單位,獲得測點的位移,并繪制出位移時程曲線。對其中的數(shù)據(jù)采用FFT頻域分析,可獲得結(jié)構(gòu)的一階振動頻率,和理論值對比,誤差極小。試驗結(jié)果表明,該方法在環(huán)境合適的條件下,方便,精度很高。為了驗證基于高速攝像技術(shù)的橋梁動態(tài)位移測量方法的實際工程可行性,本文選取某在役城市橋梁,分別以DH5922動態(tài)測試儀和高速攝像機(jī)同步采集橋梁自振信息,將兩種測試方法的結(jié)果與理論計算值進(jìn)行對比分析。結(jié)果表明,動態(tài)測試儀測試值接近工程經(jīng)驗值,高速攝像機(jī)的數(shù)字圖像法能有效識別出主頻,峰值也很明顯,但是受外界環(huán)境的干擾,測試值與工程經(jīng)驗值有差距。分析其原因,脈動風(fēng)、其它外界干擾容易造成攝像機(jī)的基站振動。本文的研究對數(shù)字圖像法在實際工程運(yùn)用中具有一定的參考借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:In view of the important role played by the bridge in the national economy and people's life, the health maintenance and guarantee of the bridge structure has become an important research direction of the modern engineering technicians. With the increase of the operation time and the increase of the traffic flow, the bridge structure will produce different degrees of damage, which seriously affects the safety and durability of the structure. The self vibration characteristics of the bridge structure can reflect the overall stiffness of the bridge structure, and the modal parameters based on the natural vibration characteristics can effectively identify the damage of the bridge. So it is of certain practical significance to study a more convenient and intelligent test method for the self vibration characteristics of the bridge. A method of measuring the dynamic displacement of Bridges Based on high speed camera technology is studied by using the digital image processing technology. In the laboratory, a stopwatch is used to calibrate the shooting frequency of the high speed camera. The stability of the frequency is evaluated by the time interval and the total time consumed. The results show that the displacement error is in the millimeter level in the static experiment. In this paper, a high speed camera is used to monitor the one-dimensional motion of the cantilever beam, and the angle, distance, measuring point, acquisition frequency, and the length of the cantilever beam structure are studied by the method of controlling the length of the cantilever beam. The coordinate pixel value of the measured point is obtained and the pixel change value of the coordinate is calculated. The displacement of the measured point is obtained by converting the pixel unit into the growth degree by the calibration ratio, and the position shift time curve is drawn. The first order vibration frequency of the structure can be obtained by FFT frequency domain analysis. The error is compared with the theoretical value, and the error is very good. The experimental results show that the method is convenient and accurate under suitable environment. In order to verify the practical engineering feasibility of bridge dynamic displacement measurement method based on high speed camera technology, this paper selects two kinds of bridges in the service city by using DH5922 dynamic tester and high speed camera to synchronize the self vibration information of bridge. The result of the test method is compared with the theoretical value. The results show that the test value of the dynamic tester is close to the engineering experience value. The digital image method of the high speed camera can effectively identify the main frequency and the peak value is very obvious. However, the test value is different from the engineering test value because of the disturbance of the external environment. Interference can easily cause the vibration of the base station of the camera. The research in this paper has a certain reference value for the application of the digital image method in practical engineering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U441.3

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 威廉·G海澤爾,李銘;較為陌生的高速攝像機(jī)[J];影視技術(shù);1998年03期

2 陳德為;張培銘;;采用高速攝像機(jī)的智能交流接觸器控制及其測試裝置的研制[J];電工電能新技術(shù);2009年03期

3 王斌;賈粉粉;;高速攝像機(jī)測試目標(biāo)運(yùn)動軌跡的精度分析[J];測試技術(shù)學(xué)報;2014年01期

4 王燕;繆希仁;;一種非接觸式電器動態(tài)特性測試系統(tǒng)研究[J];低壓電器;2013年19期

5 鮑光海;吳守龍;;接觸器短路分?jǐn)嗵匦缘膭恿W(xué)仿真及實驗研究[J];電工技術(shù)學(xué)報;2014年09期

6 ;[J];;年期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 陳藝靈;張帆;葛桂賓;洪英倫;莊劍勇;黃錦濤;;高速攝像機(jī)觀察陶瓷電容材料的擊穿現(xiàn)象[A];第十七屆全國高技術(shù)陶瓷學(xué)術(shù)年會摘要集[C];2012年

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前3條

1 ;高速攝像機(jī)能拍到子彈飛行[N];新華每日電訊;2006年

2 本報記者 楊蕾 通訊員 桑茜;“時間魔術(shù)師”揭秘精彩瞬間[N];中國航天報;2013年

3 毛黎;科學(xué)家教你“打水漂”[N];科技日報;2004年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 熊鵬飛;基于高速攝像機(jī)的橋梁自振頻率測定方法研究[D];華南理工大學(xué);2016年

，

本文編號：1995732