本文選題：TBM + 撐靴��； 參考：《北京交通大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國交通、水利等基礎設施建設的快速發(fā)展,復雜地質條件下深長隧道采用TBM施工是最佳選擇。開敞式TBM在穿越軟弱地層時,由于側壁圍巖承載力不足會出現(xiàn)撐靴撐不住、圍巖失穩(wěn)等問題。為解決此問題,本文以遼西北供水工程(二段)施工四標為依托,通過數(shù)值模擬、理論分析和工程驗證等方法對軟巖地層主梁式TBM撐靴側壁圍巖的極限承載力進行了分析。論文的主要工作和研究成果如下:(1)通過大量查閱相關文獻資料,對國內(nèi)外TBM撐靴與側壁圍巖的相互作用的現(xiàn)有研究成果進行了分析和總結�？偟膩砜�,目前對TBM撐靴側壁圍巖極限承載力的研究比較匱乏,撐靴支撐力的預估主要依靠工程經(jīng)驗或者經(jīng)驗公式計算。(2)采用有限元和離散元耦合的數(shù)值模擬軟件GDEM建立計算模型,參考現(xiàn)有經(jīng)驗公式以及現(xiàn)場實測數(shù)據(jù)選取計算荷載,分析了主梁式TBM撐靴側壁圍巖的變形規(guī)律,確定了軟巖地層圍巖的破壞模式為整體剪切破壞,破壞區(qū)域近似為兩邊小中間大的紡錘體,紡錘體靠近掘進方向一端稍短,遠離掘進方向一端稍長。(3)根據(jù)GDEM計算確定的破壞模式,首先設定了側壁圍巖在撐靴作用下破壞面的幾何形式,分析了破壞面上的應力分布;然后應用巖土體的塑性極限平衡理論,推導出了軟巖地層主梁式TBM撐靴側壁圍巖極限承載力計算公式。(4)基于所推導的公式,對影響撐靴側壁圍巖極限承載力的6個因素(圍巖的粘聚力、內(nèi)摩擦角、極限承載力傾角、隧道的半徑、撐靴的寬度和撐靴對應的圓心半角)進行了分析,結果表明圍巖抗剪強度和撐靴與圍巖接觸面積為極限承載力的主要影響因素。(5)通過計算的TBM撐靴側壁圍巖極限承載力數(shù)值與現(xiàn)有經(jīng)驗公式和依托工程實測數(shù)據(jù)對比,撐靴承載力的安全系數(shù)(儲備)一般在1.4～2.0之間,與現(xiàn)有相關規(guī)范的規(guī)定具有可比性,說明本文所推導公式的合理性。本文的研究結果對于TBM撐靴的設計及TBM在軟巖地層掘進時承載力的選擇具有重要指導意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of transportation, water conservancy and other infrastructure construction in China, TBM is the best choice for the construction of deep and long tunnels under complex geological conditions. When open TBM passes through weak strata, the failure of supporting boots and the instability of surrounding rock will occur due to the insufficient bearing capacity of side wall rock. In order to solve this problem, the paper analyzes the ultimate bearing capacity of lateral wall rock of main beam type TBM boots in soft rock strata by numerical simulation, theoretical analysis and engineering verification based on the fourth standard of construction of the water supply project in northwest Liaoning Province. The main work and research results of this paper are as follows: (1) by consulting a large number of relevant literature, the existing research results on the interaction between TBM boots and side wall rock are analyzed and summarized at home and abroad. Generally speaking, the research on the ultimate bearing capacity of the surrounding rock of the side wall of the TBM brace boot is relatively scarce. The prediction of supporting force mainly depends on engineering experience or empirical formula calculation. (2) the calculation model is established by using the numerical simulation software GDEM, which is coupled with finite element and discrete element, and the calculated load is selected with reference to the existing empirical formula and the field measured data. The deformation law of lateral wall rock of main beam TBM brace boot is analyzed. The failure mode of surrounding rock in soft rock stratum is determined to be whole shear failure, and the failure area is approximately a spindle with small middle size on both sides, and the spindle is a little short near one end of the heading direction. Based on the failure mode determined by GDEM calculation, firstly, the geometric form of failure surface of lateral wall rock under the action of boot is set, and the stress distribution on failure surface is analyzed. Based on the plastic limit equilibrium theory of rock and soil mass, a formula for calculating the ultimate bearing capacity of surrounding rock around the lateral wall of TBM bracing boots in soft rock strata is derived. Six factors affecting the ultimate bearing capacity of the side wall rock of the boot, such as the cohesion of the surrounding rock, the angle of internal friction, the inclination angle of the ultimate bearing capacity, the radius of the tunnel, the width of the boot and the center half angle of the boot, are analyzed. The results show that the shear strength of surrounding rock and the contact area between supporting boots and surrounding rock are the main influencing factors of ultimate bearing capacity. The calculated values of the ultimate bearing capacity of side wall rock of TBM bracing boots are compared with the existing empirical formulas and the measured data of supporting engineering. The safety factor (reserve) of the bearing capacity of the supporting boots is generally between 1.4 and 2.0, which is comparable with the existing regulations, which shows the rationality of the formula derived in this paper. The results of this paper are of great significance for the design of TBM boots and the selection of bearing capacity of TBM in soft rock strata.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U455.43;U451.2

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