本文選題：應(yīng)急疏散 + 交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)　； 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),全球各地各類(lèi)應(yīng)急事件頻發(fā),為降低災(zāi)害事件帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響,提高區(qū)域疏散效率,各地均制定了相應(yīng)的應(yīng)急疏散預(yù)案。應(yīng)急疏散網(wǎng)絡(luò)的集約化處理對(duì)于應(yīng)急交通疏散預(yù)案的合理性與有效性有著重要影響。對(duì)應(yīng)急疏散網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行集約化處理,可以在保證其交通分配精度的前提下,降低計(jì)算時(shí)間,提高其運(yùn)算效率�，F(xiàn)階段應(yīng)急疏散網(wǎng)絡(luò)集約化處理多以定性分析為主,缺乏定量模型計(jì)算,在應(yīng)急條件下的適用性較差。因此,針對(duì)應(yīng)急疏散條件下交通特點(diǎn),建立適用于應(yīng)急條件下的城市疏散網(wǎng)絡(luò)集約化方法,對(duì)于應(yīng)急疏散預(yù)案的有效實(shí)施有著重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文以城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)分級(jí)理論為基礎(chǔ),將疏散網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分為應(yīng)急疏散干路網(wǎng)絡(luò)與應(yīng)急疏散支路網(wǎng)絡(luò),針對(duì)各自網(wǎng)絡(luò)特點(diǎn)并結(jié)合常用集約化方法的適用范圍確定了應(yīng)急疏散網(wǎng)絡(luò)分層集約化的設(shè)計(jì)框架,即針對(duì)不同道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)采用不同的集約化方法進(jìn)行處理。應(yīng)急疏散干路網(wǎng)絡(luò)在疏散過(guò)程中起機(jī)動(dòng)性作用,其網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)的改變不利于相關(guān)交通組織策略的實(shí)施,因此基于干路提取法,建立以網(wǎng)絡(luò)過(guò)飽和度最低為目標(biāo)的應(yīng)急干路網(wǎng)絡(luò)集約化模型對(duì)其進(jìn)行定量化集約處理；應(yīng)急疏散支路網(wǎng)絡(luò)在疏散過(guò)程中起可達(dá)性作用,應(yīng)以盡快接入疏散干路網(wǎng)絡(luò)、降低疏散時(shí)間成本為目標(biāo),因此本文采用網(wǎng)絡(luò)抽象法對(duì)應(yīng)急支路網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行集約化處理。最后,本文以寧波市北侖區(qū)臺(tái)風(fēng)疏散為研究背景,對(duì)寧波市北侖區(qū)疏散道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行集約化處理,并對(duì)集約化網(wǎng)絡(luò)與原有網(wǎng)絡(luò)交通分配結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,其結(jié)果表明,本文所提出的模型與方法在保證網(wǎng)絡(luò)過(guò)飽和度與疏散成本變化不大的前提下能有效提高疏散交通分配的效率,為應(yīng)急交通疏散預(yù)案提供較為合理的網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, various kinds of emergency events occur frequently all over the world. In order to reduce the negative impact of disaster events and improve the efficiency of regional evacuation, the corresponding emergency evacuation plans have been formulated. The intensive processing of emergency evacuation network has an important influence on the rationality and effectiveness of emergency traffic evacuation plan. The intensive processing of emergency evacuation network can reduce the calculation time and improve the operation efficiency on the premise of ensuring the traffic distribution accuracy. At present, the intensive processing of emergency evacuation network is mainly based on qualitative analysis, lacking of quantitative model calculation, and the applicability of emergency evacuation network is poor. Therefore, according to the traffic characteristics of emergency evacuation, it is of great practical significance to establish an intensive method of urban evacuation network for emergency evacuation. Based on the classification theory of urban road network, this paper divides the evacuation network into emergency evacuation trunk road network and emergency evacuation branch road network. According to the characteristics of their respective networks and the scope of application of the commonly used intensive methods, the design framework of emergency evacuation network stratification and intensification is established, that is, different intensive methods are adopted to deal with different road networks. Emergency evacuation trunk road network plays a mobile role in the evacuation process, and the change of its network structure is not conducive to the implementation of relevant traffic organization strategy, so based on the method of trunk road extraction, An intensive model of emergency trunk road network with the lowest supersaturation is established to deal with it quantitatively and intensively, and the emergency evacuation branch network plays a reachable role in the evacuation process, and should be connected to the evacuation trunk network as soon as possible. The goal is to reduce the cost of evacuation time, so the network abstraction method is used to deal with the emergency branch network intensively. Finally, based on the background of typhoon evacuation in Beilun District of Ningbo City, this paper makes intensive processing of evacuation road network in Beilun District of Ningbo City, and compares the traffic distribution results of intensive network with that of the original network. The model and method proposed in this paper can effectively improve the efficiency of evacuation traffic allocation and provide a more reasonable network basis for emergency traffic evacuation plan on the premise of little change of network supersaturation and evacuation cost.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491

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