本文選題：道路工程 + 熱拌瀝青混合料�。� 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：路面抗滑性能直接關(guān)系著道路行車安全性;且輪胎與路面之間的噪聲,隨著行車速度的不斷提高,已成為道路交通噪聲的主要聲源。路面表面構(gòu)造水平及分布特性直接影響路面抗滑降噪性能,而現(xiàn)行規(guī)范中規(guī)定的路面表面構(gòu)造評(píng)價(jià)方法,雖然可以很好地測(cè)試瀝青混合料表面構(gòu)造整體水平,但不能反映與抗滑降噪功能緊密相關(guān)的表面構(gòu)造分布特性。且現(xiàn)行規(guī)范中規(guī)定的瀝青混合料設(shè)計(jì)方法,基本屬于體積設(shè)計(jì)法,在體積指標(biāo)滿足要求的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步使瀝青混合料滿足高溫穩(wěn)定性、低溫抗裂性及水穩(wěn)性等路用性能要求后,即完成配合比設(shè)計(jì);未涉及瀝青混合料表面抗滑性能及噪聲水平,難以適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)對(duì)路面行車安全及環(huán)保低噪聲的要求。論文針對(duì)現(xiàn)行規(guī)范規(guī)定的路面表面構(gòu)造測(cè)試方法的不足,圍繞為基于抗滑降噪功能的瀝青混合料優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供必要的理論基礎(chǔ),對(duì)運(yùn)用圖像處理技術(shù)及頻譜分析的瀝青混合料二維表面構(gòu)造評(píng)價(jià)方法,依據(jù)表征空隙、集料及瀝青膠漿等瀝青混合料組成的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)指標(biāo)的表面構(gòu)造水平及分布預(yù)測(cè),以及基于表面構(gòu)造特性的瀝青混合料表面抗滑性能及噪聲水平預(yù)測(cè)等方面,展開深入系統(tǒng)的研究。論文利用圖像處理技術(shù)及頻譜分析方法,研發(fā)了瀝青混合料二維表面構(gòu)造測(cè)試評(píng)價(jià)系統(tǒng)2D-ITAM(2 Dimension Image-based Texture Analysis Method)。2D-ITAM能夠從斷面掃描圖像中,識(shí)取瀝青混合料二維表面構(gòu)造線;并依據(jù)頻譜分析理論,從二維表面構(gòu)造頻率譜中,計(jì)算得出表征瀝青混合料表面構(gòu)造水平及分布特性的不同波長(zhǎng)處倍頻程指數(shù)。通過將2D-ITAM測(cè)試結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)宏觀及微觀構(gòu)造評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,驗(yàn)證了2D-ITAM用于評(píng)價(jià)瀝青混合料表面構(gòu)造水平及分布特性的可行性及測(cè)試結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性。該系統(tǒng)為準(zhǔn)確、客觀地評(píng)價(jià)瀝青混合料表面構(gòu)造水平及分布特性,提供了一種測(cè)量精度高、操作簡(jiǎn)單、價(jià)格低廉、易于推廣的新方法。為了建立瀝青混合料表面構(gòu)造水平及分布預(yù)測(cè)模型,論文首先利用iPas(Image Processing and Analysis System)圖像處理軟件,從瀝青混合料斷面掃描圖像中,分析得出了影響表面構(gòu)造的瀝青混合料內(nèi)部集料規(guī)則度及分布方向角正弦值等結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。然后,使用分形維數(shù),定量地表征了集料級(jí)配的本質(zhì)分布特性;使用Weibull分布擬合的集料級(jí)配曲線,得到了表征集料顆粒粒徑整體大小水平的參數(shù)D90。同時(shí),提出了表征瀝青混合料表面構(gòu)造整體特性的特征波長(zhǎng)及特征波水平兩個(gè)指標(biāo)。最后,通過分析瀝青混合料中空隙、集料及瀝青膠漿這三組成部分的表征參數(shù)與表面構(gòu)造特征波水平之間的相關(guān)性,構(gòu)造了表征瀝青混合料設(shè)計(jì)特性的合理參數(shù)指標(biāo);并建立了依據(jù)表征空隙、集料及瀝青膠漿等瀝青混合料組成的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)指標(biāo)的表面構(gòu)造水平及分布預(yù)測(cè)模型。針對(duì)安裝有Anti-lock Brake System(ABS)防抱死制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的車輛,為了建立了瀝青混合料表面抗滑性能預(yù)測(cè)模型,論文使用動(dòng)態(tài)旋轉(zhuǎn)摩擦系數(shù)測(cè)試儀,測(cè)試了不同滑移速度下的瀝青混合料表面摩擦系數(shù);并依據(jù)安裝有ABS系統(tǒng)車輛制動(dòng)特性的分析,利用摩擦系數(shù)隨滑移速度的變化關(guān)系模型,Rado模型,推演出不同路面設(shè)計(jì)最佳滑移速度下的摩擦系數(shù)。運(yùn)用“希爾伯特黃變換”理論,計(jì)算得到了瀝青混合料表面輪胎有效接觸構(gòu)造。通過瀝青混合料表面摩擦系數(shù)產(chǎn)生機(jī)理分析,提出了基于抗滑性能的瀝青混合料表面構(gòu)造倍頻程指數(shù)。進(jìn)而建立了基于表面構(gòu)造特性的瀝青混合料摩擦系數(shù)預(yù)測(cè)模型。為了建立瀝青混合料降噪性能預(yù)測(cè)模型,論文利用課題組自行研發(fā)的室內(nèi)輪胎加速下滾噪聲測(cè)試法,分別測(cè)試了不同速度下的瀝青混合料噪聲水平。在Neithalath模型的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了基于微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的多孔瀝青混合料吸聲系數(shù)預(yù)測(cè)模型;并提出了表征瀝青混合料整體吸聲特性的指標(biāo),即由20Hz到1600Hz范圍內(nèi)所有1/3倍頻程中心頻率處吸聲系數(shù)的算數(shù)平均值計(jì)算得到的平均吸聲系數(shù)。通過輪胎/路面噪聲產(chǎn)生機(jī)理分析,得出了基于降噪性能的瀝青混合料表面構(gòu)造倍頻程指數(shù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,分別建立了基于表面構(gòu)造及吸聲特性的密實(shí)型及多孔瀝青混合料噪聲水平預(yù)測(cè)模型。
[Abstract]:The anti skid performance of the pavement is directly related to the road traffic safety, and the noise between the tire and the pavement has become the main sound source of the road traffic noise with the continuous improvement of the speed of the road. The surface structure level and distribution characteristics of the pavement directly affect the performance of the pavement anti skid and noise reduction, and the pavement surface structure evaluation method stipulated in the current specification Although the overall surface structure level of asphalt mixture can be well tested, it can not reflect the surface structure distribution characteristic closely related to the function of anti sliding and noise reduction, and the design method of asphalt mixture stipulated in the current specification belongs to the volume design method. On the basis of the full requirement of volume index, the asphalt mixture is further full. After high temperature stability, low temperature crack resistance and water stability and other road performance requirements, that is to complete the mix ratio design, not involving the asphalt mixture surface anti skid performance and noise level, it is difficult to adapt to the requirements of modern society on road safety and environmental low noise. In order to provide the necessary theoretical basis for the optimization design of asphalt mixture based on anti slippery and noise reduction function, the surface structure level and distribution of the design parameters of asphalt mixture such as voids, aggregates and asphalt mortar are used to evaluate the two-dimensional surface structure of asphalt mixture using image processing technology and spectrum analysis. The research on the surface anti skid performance of asphalt mixture surface based on the surface structure characteristics and the prediction of noise level is carried out systematically. The paper developed a two-dimensional surface structure test and evaluation system 2D-ITAM (2 Dimension Image-based Texture Analysis Method) using image processing technology and spectrum analysis method. .2D-ITAM can identify the two-dimensional surface structure line of asphalt mixture from the cross section scanning image. According to the spectrum analysis theory, the frequency doubling exponent at different wavelengths representing the surface structure and distribution characteristics of the asphalt mixture is calculated from the two-dimensional surface structure frequency spectrum. The results of the 2D-ITAM test are compared with the traditional macro and microcosmic. The correlation analysis of structural evaluation index has been carried out to verify the feasibility of 2D-ITAM for evaluating the surface structure level and distribution characteristics of asphalt mixture and the accuracy of the test results. This system provides an accurate and objective evaluation of the surface structure level and distribution characteristics of asphalt mixture, which provides a high precision, simple operation, low price and easy to use. In order to establish the surface structure level and distribution prediction model of asphalt mixture, the paper first uses iPas (Image Processing and Analysis System) image processing software to analyze the internal aggregate rule degree and distribution direction angle of asphalt mixture with the influence of surface structure from the cross section scan image of asphalt mixture. Then, the fractal dimension is used to quantitatively characterize the essential distribution characteristics of aggregate gradation, and the parameter D90. that characterizing the overall size of the aggregate particle size is obtained by using the aggregate gradation curve fitted by the Weibull distribution, and the characteristic wavelengths and characteristics of the overall characteristics of the surface structure of the asphalt mixture are presented. In the end, by analyzing the correlation between the characterization parameters of the three components of the asphalt mixture and the porosity of the asphalt mixture, the reasonable parameter index of the design characteristics of the asphalt mixture is constructed by analyzing the correlation between the characteristic parameters of the void, the aggregate and the asphalt mortar, and the asphalt mixture, such as the voids, the aggregate and the asphalt mortar, is established. In order to establish a prediction model for the anti skid performance of the asphalt mixture with Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) anti lock braking system, a dynamic rotating friction coefficient tester is used to test the asphalt mixture at different sliding speeds. In accordance with the analysis of the braking characteristics of the vehicle with ABS system, the friction coefficient with the change of the sliding velocity and the Rado model are used to perform the friction coefficient under the optimum slippage speed of different pavement designs. Using the theory of "Hilbert yellow transformation", the efficiency of the asphalt mixture surface tire is calculated. In order to establish the prediction model of asphalt mixture friction coefficient based on the surface structure characteristics, the prediction model of asphalt mixture based on the surface structure characteristics is established. The noise level of asphalt mixture at different speeds was tested by the self developed test method of indoor tire accelerated roll down noise. On the basis of Neithalath model, the prediction model of sound absorption coefficient of porous asphalt mixture based on microstructure was established, and the overall sound absorption characteristic of asphalt mixture was proposed, which was from 20Hz to 1. The average sound absorption coefficient calculated by the mean value of the sound absorption coefficient at the center frequency of all 1/3 frequency doubling range in 600Hz range. Through the analysis of the mechanism of tire / pavement noise production, the frequency multiplication index of the surface structure of asphalt mixture based on noise reduction is obtained. On this basis, the density of the surface structure and sound absorption characteristics are established respectively. Noise level prediction model for real and porous asphalt mixtures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U414

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號(hào)：1942883