本文選題：間歇式公交專用進口道 + 車流波動理論�。� 參考：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：間歇式公交專用進口道(IBA,Intermittent Bus Approach)是一種在交叉口間歇性賦予公交車優(yōu)先通行權(quán)的新型公交優(yōu)先方式。IBA的原理是當(dāng)公交車占用IBA時實行公交優(yōu)先;當(dāng)公交車不占用IBA時,社會車輛擁有在IBA上的通行權(quán)。從而降低了實行公交優(yōu)先對社會車輛的影響,提高了交叉口道路資源利用率。本論文就設(shè)置IBA后社會車輛及公交車的延誤進行了分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)了設(shè)置IBA的交通條件,不僅為開辟IBA及評價提供理論依據(jù),還為提高公共交通吸引力提供了新思路。本文的具體研究內(nèi)容如下:首先,分析現(xiàn)有的IBA控制系統(tǒng)中開啟IBA時間計算方面存在的不足。基于車輛隨著相位的變化形成集結(jié)波和消散波,運用交通波動理論,提供了改進后的IBA開啟時間的計算方法及改進后的IBA控制流程。基于IBA工作原理分析了設(shè)置IBA后車輛換道行為,得到社會車輛不對稱變道、公交車單一道路行駛的運行特點。最后借鑒國外IBL的成功經(jīng)驗,總結(jié)了保障IBA運行的硬件設(shè)備的選擇原則及所需的具體硬件保障設(shè)施。其次,理論分析設(shè)置IBA后社會車輛和公交車的延誤。運用均勻延誤模型分別討論開啟IBA和關(guān)閉IBA期間的社會車輛的周期延誤,進而得出不同交通飽和度下社會車輛周期延誤計算公式。結(jié)合IBA的工作原理得到公交車的周期平均延誤公式。通過算例分析,分析了設(shè)置IBA前后社會車輛及公交車的延誤差值隨著不同信號周期及綠信比的變化趨勢,得出了延誤最小的情況下設(shè)置IBA的交通飽和度理論條件為(0.4,0.7)。然后,仿真分析設(shè)置IBA前后社會車輛及公交車的延誤。對Nasch模型和NS模型進行改進,建立了滿足設(shè)置IBA前后交叉口車輛行駛規(guī)則的元胞自動機模型。通過MATLAB仿真得到設(shè)置IBA前后不同信號時長下兩條進口道上車輛行駛速度、社會車輛的換道頻率等交通參數(shù)隨交通飽和度變化值并擬制成圖。對仿真所得參數(shù)進行處理,得到設(shè)置IBA前后不同飽和度下車輛延誤差值。通過對比仿真延誤差值與理論延誤差值,驗證了車輛延誤計算公式的合理性。最后,分析設(shè)置IBA的交通條件。結(jié)合仿真所得的數(shù)據(jù)得出了設(shè)置IBA后不同信號周期時長及綠信比下的人總延誤差值,并綜合交通參數(shù)變化率對改進后的IBA效果進行評價,得出設(shè)置IBA的合理交通飽和度條件為(0.5,0.7)。
[Abstract]:IBA is a new type of bus priority method that gives priority to buses intermittently at intersections. The principle of IBA is to give priority to public transport when buses occupy IBA, and when buses do not occupy IBA. Social vehicles have the right of passage on the IBA. Thus, the impact of bus priority on social vehicles is reduced, and the utilization ratio of road resources at intersections is improved. This paper analyzes the delay of social vehicles and buses after setting up IBA, and summarizes the traffic conditions of setting up IBA, which not only provides a theoretical basis for opening up IBA and evaluation, but also provides a new way of thinking for improving the attraction of public transportation. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the shortcomings of the current IBA control system in the calculation of IBA time are analyzed. Based on the formation of aggregation wave and dissipation wave of vehicle with the change of phase, an improved method for calculating the opening time of IBA and an improved IBA control flow are provided by using the theory of traffic wave. Based on the working principle of IBA, this paper analyzes the changing behavior of vehicles after setting up IBA, and obtains the running characteristics of social vehicles with asymmetric change of course and single road running of buses. At last, using the successful experience of foreign IBL for reference, the paper summarizes the selection principle of hardware equipment to guarantee IBA operation and the specific hardware support facilities needed. Secondly, the theory analyzes the delay of social vehicles and buses after setting up IBA. Using the uniform delay model, the periodic delays of social vehicles during the period of opening IBA and closing IBA are discussed, and the formulas for calculating the cycle delays of social vehicles under different traffic saturation are obtained. Combined with the working principle of IBA, the average delay formula of bus cycle is obtained. Based on the analysis of an example, the variation trend of the delay difference of social vehicles and buses with different signal periods and green letter ratio before and after setting up IBA is analyzed. The theoretical condition of traffic saturation for setting up IBA in the case of minimum delay is obtained as follows: 0. 4% 0. 7%. Then, the delay of social vehicles and buses before and after setting up IBA is analyzed by simulation. The Nasch model and NS model are improved, and the cellular automata model is established to meet the vehicle driving rules at the intersection before and after IBA. By means of MATLAB simulation, the traffic parameters such as the vehicle speed on two entry roads with different signals before and after setting IBA and the changing frequency of social vehicles are obtained with the change of traffic saturation, and the diagram is made. After processing the parameters obtained by simulation, the difference of vehicle delay under different saturation before and after IBA is obtained. By comparing the simulation delay difference with the theoretical delay difference, the rationality of the vehicle delay calculation formula is verified. Finally, the traffic conditions of setting up IBA are analyzed. Combined with the data obtained from simulation, the difference of human total delay under different signal periods and green letter ratio after setting IBA is obtained, and the effect of improved IBA is evaluated by synthesizing the change rate of traffic parameters, and the reasonable traffic saturation conditions for setting IBA are obtained as follows: 0. 5% 0. 7%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491

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本文編號：1941999