本文選題：高分辨率遙感影像 + 路網(wǎng)提取��； 參考：《湖南工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近十年來,交通路網(wǎng)作為城市建設(shè)的基礎(chǔ),在我國城市化建設(shè)中取得長足發(fā)展,尤其是在建設(shè)大都市和城市群過程中,投資規(guī)模和道路建設(shè)里程數(shù)在十一五、十二五期間均大幅增加。然而經(jīng)濟發(fā)展刺激下的機動車保有量也在急劇增長,出現(xiàn)了諸如交通擁堵、寬闊道路常年空曠、車流稀少等現(xiàn)象,道路供需矛盾及分布不均衡現(xiàn)象日益突出。開展合理的城市群路網(wǎng)評價,科學(xué)指導(dǎo)路網(wǎng)建設(shè)規(guī)劃是解決這一矛盾的有效措施之一。HRRS(High-resolution Remote Sensing)以其信息量大、可視化程度高、觀測范圍廣,為大范圍的城市群路網(wǎng)技術(shù)評價提供了可靠的數(shù)據(jù)來源。對此,本文在2012年交通運輸部重點項目支持下,主要開展了一下研究工作:(1)首先對當(dāng)前城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)問題進行了分析,探討了課題研究的背景與意義,綜述了技術(shù)研究現(xiàn)狀,明確了課題研究內(nèi)容與關(guān)鍵問題,擬定了研究思路,形成全文研究綱領(lǐng)。(2)梳理并總結(jié)了現(xiàn)有道路建設(shè)評價指標(biāo),從道路分布、供需、經(jīng)濟效益等角度出發(fā),構(gòu)建了涵蓋路網(wǎng)密度、和路網(wǎng)路均GDP等11項二級指標(biāo),形成了一套基于HRRS的城市路網(wǎng)綜合評價指標(biāo)體系。(3)道路長度、寬度等信息的提取,是開展路網(wǎng)評價的難點和關(guān)鍵問題。首先對高分影像進行圖像灰度化與均衡處理,采用中值濾波去噪,實現(xiàn)了道路目標(biāo)增強預(yù)處理。以最大方差自動閾值的Canny算子對實現(xiàn)了影像的邊緣檢測,在此基礎(chǔ)上,以自適應(yīng)閾值的結(jié)構(gòu)元素實現(xiàn)了高分影像路網(wǎng)的初提取。利用直道和彎道路特征差異,對分割后的矢量影像采用直道模板匹配—彎道面向?qū)ο蠓诸惡筇幚?實現(xiàn)了Quick Bird 0.61m影像的道路矢量信息提取。進而對道路矢量信息的路長、路寬進行計算統(tǒng)計,經(jīng)實驗驗證,路長參數(shù)提取精度達到87.5%,為下一步路網(wǎng)評價提供了基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。(4)根據(jù)道路等級分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),將高分遙感影像中道路寬度進行轉(zhuǎn)化,將道路寬度、長度(里程)、等級等信息納入交通路網(wǎng)綜合評價標(biāo)體系中,建立了二級模糊綜合評價模型進行路網(wǎng)評價。對此,以深莞惠城市群為例,開展了路網(wǎng)密度及路網(wǎng)演變方向性的高分遙感影像城市群路網(wǎng)演變實證。(5)采用Arc GIS Engine,VS2008平臺,C++語言,將信息提取模塊、信息展示模塊、路網(wǎng)演變信息評價模塊進行集成,開發(fā)了一套結(jié)合HRRS與GIS的城市群路網(wǎng)演變信息評價系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:In the past ten years, as the foundation of urban construction, the traffic network has made great progress in the urbanization construction of our country, especially in the process of constructing metropolis and urban agglomeration, the investment scale and the mileage of road construction are in the 11th Five-Year Plan. During the twelfth five-year plan period, the number increased significantly. However, under the stimulation of economic development, the number of motor vehicles is also increasing rapidly, such as traffic congestion, wide open roads, scarce traffic, and so on. The contradiction between supply and demand of roads and the imbalance of distribution have become increasingly prominent. It is one of the effective measures to solve this contradiction to carry out reasonable evaluation of urban agglomeration network and scientifically guide road network construction planning. HRRS RS High-resolution Remote Sensing has a large amount of information, high degree of visualization and a wide range of observation. It provides a reliable data source for the technical evaluation of urban agglomeration network. In this paper, with the support of the key project of the Ministry of Transportation and Transport in 2012, we mainly carry out a little research work: 1) first of all, we analyze the current problems of urban road network construction, and discuss the background and significance of the research. This paper summarizes the present situation of technical research, clarifies the contents and key problems of the subject, formulates the research ideas, forms the full text research creed, and summarizes the existing evaluation indexes of road construction, including road distribution, supply and demand, etc. From the point of view of economic benefit, 11 second-level indexes, including road network density, road network average GDP and so on, are constructed, and a set of information such as road length and width is extracted from the comprehensive evaluation index system of urban road network based on HRRS. It is a difficult and key problem to carry out road network evaluation. Firstly, the image grayscale and equalization of high score image are processed, and the road target enhancement preprocessing is realized by using median filter to remove noise. The edge detection is realized by the Canny operator with the maximum variance automatic threshold. On this basis, the initial extraction of the high score image network is realized by the structure element of the adaptive threshold. Based on the differences between straight and curved road features, the segmentation vector image is processed with straight template matching and curve oriented object oriented classification, and the road vector information extraction of Quick Bird 0.61m image is realized. Then the road length and road width of road vector information are calculated and counted. The experimental results show that the extraction accuracy of road length parameters reaches 87.5%, which provides the basic data for the next road network evaluation. (4) according to the classification standard of road grade, The road width in the high score remote sensing image is transformed, and the road width, length (mileage, grade) and other information are incorporated into the comprehensive evaluation system of traffic network, and a two-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is established to evaluate the road network. In this paper, taking Shenguanhui Urban agglomeration as an example, a high-score remote sensing image of urban road network evolution with density and direction of road network evolution is carried out. Using Arc GIS engineer VS2008 platform C language, information extraction module and information display module are used. Based on the integration of information evaluation module of road network evolution, a set of urban agglomeration network evolution information evaluation system combining HRRS and GIS is developed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491

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