本文選題：智能交通系統(tǒng) + 中小學(xué)校門口道路�。� 參考：《河北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：很多中小學(xué)特別是位于老城區(qū)的,在上下學(xué)高峰時(shí)段,門口道路交通擁堵現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重、交通安全問題突出,成為城市交通線、面擁堵的主要源點(diǎn)和交通管控的主要防止點(diǎn),也是家長和社會十分關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。而造成這一現(xiàn)象的主要原因是包括小汽車、自行車、行人等多種交通方式的混行和局部交通供給和需求的矛盾。一些家長選擇用私家車接送學(xué)生上下學(xué),由于學(xué)校門口停車位有限,有的私家車甚至選擇在機(jī)動(dòng)車道上臨時(shí)停車;大量學(xué)生和家長橫穿馬路,等等,使學(xué)校周邊道路交通陷入擁堵、無序、混亂的狀態(tài),進(jìn)而影響到整個(gè)城市道路交通。在理論方面,雖有部分中小學(xué)門口道路區(qū)段交通擁堵治理的研究,但僅是模型的治理措施定性建議,不涉及具體交通流模型及其機(jī)理特性分析,而已有的交通流模型特別是元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型的研究尚未針對中小學(xué)門口道路區(qū)段�；诖�,本文嘗試建立一個(gè)受中小學(xué)上下學(xué)影響下學(xué)校門口道路區(qū)段的元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型,對上下學(xué)期間的道路交通流特性進(jìn)行了模擬仿真,為具體交通管理提供決策支持。主要工作可概括為以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)在交通流對稱型雙車道(symmetric two-lane Nagel-Schreckenberg,STNS)元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型基礎(chǔ)上,建立一個(gè)針對上下學(xué)期間機(jī)動(dòng)車行為特性和混合交通流組成的城市中小學(xué)門口道路元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型,為城市中小學(xué)門口道路上下學(xué)交通流特性研究提供基本模型和基礎(chǔ)平臺,為校門口道路交通管理、控制,以及交通安全研究提供基礎(chǔ)工具,為類似這樣的問題如醫(yī)院等的交通管控決策支持提供借鑒。(2)在已有交通流道路瓶頸、交織區(qū)和混合交通流研究的基礎(chǔ)上,對上學(xué)期間的道路交通流特性進(jìn)行了仿真。結(jié)合具體學(xué)校門口現(xiàn)狀,對駕私家車送學(xué)生上學(xué)比例、乘校車上學(xué)比例和交警現(xiàn)場指揮對道路交通流的影響進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)分析。結(jié)果表明大力推廣校車政策,讓更多的學(xué)生放棄乘私家車上學(xué)的習(xí)慣,并在上學(xué)高峰時(shí)段輔助以交警現(xiàn)場指揮,可以保證交通安全,從而達(dá)到抑制交通擁堵、減少車輛總通行時(shí)間、提高道路實(shí)際通行能力的目的。(3)研究基于元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型的中小學(xué)放學(xué)期間學(xué)校門口道路交通流仿真問題。對放學(xué)期間的道路交通流特性進(jìn)行了仿真。結(jié)合具體學(xué)校門口現(xiàn)狀,對駕私家車接學(xué)生和乘校車學(xué)生比例、學(xué)校錯(cuò)峰放學(xué)對道路交通流的影響進(jìn)行了仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)分析。結(jié)果表明倡導(dǎo)使用校車送學(xué)生放學(xué)回家這種綠色交通方式,呼吁學(xué)校方面選擇合適的錯(cuò)峰放學(xué)時(shí)間,可在保證交通安全的前提下達(dá)到抑制交通擁堵的目的。
[Abstract]:Many primary and secondary schools, especially those located in the old urban areas, have serious traffic congestion at the entrance and traffic safety problems during the rush hours of the upper and lower schools. They have become the main sources of urban traffic lines, the main sources of congestion and the main prevention points for traffic control. It is also the focus of parents and society. The main causes of this phenomenon are the mixed transportation of cars, bicycles and pedestrians and the contradiction between local traffic supply and demand. Some parents choose to use private cars to transport their students to and from school. Due to the limited parking space in front of the school, some private cars even choose to stop temporarily in the motorway; a large number of students and parents cross the road, and so on. Make the traffic around the school into a state of congestion, disorder, chaos, and then affect the entire urban road traffic. In theory, although there are some studies on traffic congestion management in the entrance road section of primary and secondary schools, it is only the qualitative suggestion of the management measures of the model, and does not involve the analysis of the specific traffic flow model and its mechanism characteristics. However, the existing traffic flow models, especially the cellular automata model, have not been focused on the road sections at the entrance of primary and secondary schools. Based on this, this paper attempts to establish a cellular automata model of the school entrance road section under the influence of the upper and lower schools, and simulates the characteristics of the road traffic flow during the upper and lower schools to provide decision support for the specific traffic management. The main work can be summarized as follows: 1) on the basis of the cellular automata model of symmetric two-lane Nagel-Schreckenberg STNSs, A cellular automaton model of urban primary and secondary school entrance road cellular automata is established, which is based on the characteristics of motor vehicle behavior and mixed traffic flow in the upper and lower school period, which provides a basic model and basic platform for the study of the characteristics of the upper and lower school traffic flow in the entrance of the city primary and secondary schools. To provide basic tools for road traffic management, control, and traffic safety research at school gates, and to provide reference for traffic control decision support for such issues as hospitals, etc.) in existing traffic flow road bottlenecks, Based on the study of intertwined area and mixed traffic flow, the characteristics of road traffic flow during school period are simulated. According to the present situation of school entrance, the paper analyzes the effect of driving private car to send students to school, school bus to school and traffic police on the road traffic flow. The results show that by popularizing the school bus policy, making more students abandon the habit of taking private cars to school, and assisting the traffic police in the rush hour, the traffic safety can be guaranteed and the traffic congestion can be restrained. The purpose of reducing the total traffic time of vehicles and improving the actual capacity of roads is to study the simulation problem of road traffic flow at the entrance of primary and secondary schools during school hours based on cellular automata model. The characteristics of road traffic flow during school are simulated. Combined with the present situation of school entrance, the paper analyzes the effect of driving private car to pick up students and school bus students, and the influence of school failure peak to the road traffic flow. The results show that using school bus to send students home from school is a green mode of transportation, and calling on school to choose the right time for school to stop traffic jams can be achieved on the premise of ensuring traffic safety.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.112

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 梅超群;黃海軍;唐鐵橋;;高速公路入匝控制的一個(gè)元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型[J];物理學(xué)報(bào);2008年08期

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本文編號：1931601