本文選題：西北干寒地區(qū) + 加固方案優(yōu)選��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國現(xiàn)役的公路橋梁中,已有大量舊橋由于原有設(shè)計(jì)荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)低,加上交通運(yùn)輸量和荷載的增加,出現(xiàn)了橋梁承載能力不足、寬度不夠的問題,成了技術(shù)等級不斷提高的公路上的瓶頸路段。對于這些不能滿足現(xiàn)代交通需要的公路舊橋,如果全部拆除重建,不僅成本高、工期長,而且會對公路運(yùn)營帶來諸多不便。因此,需要不斷加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)有橋梁的維修、養(yǎng)護(hù)、加固與改造,恢復(fù)或提高其承載能力,保障公路建設(shè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。在西北干寒地區(qū),由于惡劣的氣候環(huán)境加之相對落后的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平,公路舊橋的加固問題顯得更為嚴(yán)重和迫切。目前我國已有多種成熟的橋梁加固技術(shù),各自有其特點(diǎn)和適用范圍;選擇加固方案時(shí)要考慮方案的技術(shù)適應(yīng)性、加固工期、加固費(fèi)用、加固效果和對周圍環(huán)境的影響等;西北干寒地區(qū)的橋梁加固方案優(yōu)選可使稀缺資源得到優(yōu)化配置,促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展�；诖�,本文提出對西北干寒地區(qū)在役梁橋加固方案優(yōu)選進(jìn)行分析研究,主要內(nèi)容如下:通過對連霍高速(G30)古浪—瓜州段798座梁橋現(xiàn)有資料的深入分析,總結(jié)了西北干寒地區(qū)梁橋最常見的病害和產(chǎn)生的原因,針對病害提出加固對策,重點(diǎn)分析了梁橋上部結(jié)構(gòu)常用加固方法的特點(diǎn)和適用性,為其備選加固方案的選用提供了有力參考。通過參考規(guī)范、實(shí)地調(diào)研、查閱文獻(xiàn),提出西北干寒地區(qū)梁橋加固方案優(yōu)選指標(biāo)體系,計(jì)算指標(biāo)離散程度、重要系數(shù),篩選后形成最終的二級加固方案優(yōu)選指標(biāo)體系,包含三個(gè)一級指標(biāo),十九個(gè)二級指標(biāo),并明確各個(gè)指標(biāo)的內(nèi)涵、計(jì)算公式和初步處理辦法。采用離差最大化的賦權(quán)方式將主觀AHP權(quán)重和客觀熵權(quán)進(jìn)行組合,確定了西北干寒地區(qū)梁橋加固方案優(yōu)選指標(biāo)的權(quán)重;在分析眾多決策方法的原理和使用范圍后選擇最適用于方案優(yōu)選的TOPSIS法,并針對傳統(tǒng)TOPSIS法的缺陷,提出基于垂面距離的改進(jìn)TOPSIS法;建立了西北干寒地區(qū)梁橋加固方案優(yōu)選模型,為選擇符合社會性、技術(shù)性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性要求的加固方案提供了新的思路和方法。針對連霍高速(G30)古浪—瓜州段的嘉峪關(guān)K2378+466總寨中橋003加固工程實(shí)例,采用基于組合賦權(quán)—改進(jìn)的TOPSIS法加固方案優(yōu)選模型,對實(shí)例中的四種加固方案進(jìn)行優(yōu)選,計(jì)算結(jié)果是粘貼碳纖維布方案最優(yōu),這與實(shí)際一致,充分說明該加固方案優(yōu)選模型是有效合理的。本文研究了西北干寒地區(qū)橋梁加固方案的優(yōu)選,一方面為橋梁加固方案優(yōu)選的區(qū)域性研究增添了新成果,另一方面為橋梁管理者提供決策依據(jù),促進(jìn)了西北干寒地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Among the existing highway bridges in our country, due to the low design load standard and the increase of traffic volume and load, a large number of old bridges have the problems of insufficient bearing capacity and insufficient width. It has become the bottleneck section of the highway with increasing technical grade. For these old bridges which can not meet the needs of modern traffic, if all the old bridges are demolished and rebuilt, not only the cost is high, the construction period is long, but also the highway operation will be inconvenient. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the maintenance, reinforcement and reconstruction of existing bridges, restore or improve their bearing capacity, and ensure the sustainable development of highway construction. In the dry and cold region of Northwest China, due to the bad climate environment and the relatively backward economic level, the reinforcement of old highway bridges is more serious and urgent. At present, there are many mature bridge reinforcement technologies in our country, each of them has its own characteristics and applicable scope, the technical adaptability of the scheme, the time limit, the cost, the effect of reinforcement and the influence on the surrounding environment should be considered when selecting the reinforcement scheme. The optimal selection of bridge reinforcement scheme in northwest dry and cold regions can optimize the allocation of scarce resources and promote economic development. Based on this, this paper puts forward an analysis and study on the optimal selection of existing beam bridge reinforcement schemes in the northwest dry and cold region. The main contents are as follows: through the in-depth analysis of the existing data of 798 beam bridges in Gulang-Guazhou section of Lianghuo High-Speed G30, This paper summarizes the most common diseases and causes of beam bridges in the dry and cold region of northwest China, puts forward the reinforcement countermeasures against the diseases, and emphatically analyzes the characteristics and applicability of the commonly used reinforcement methods for the superstructure of the beam bridges. It provides a powerful reference for the selection of alternative reinforcement schemes. Based on the reference criterion, field investigation and literature review, this paper puts forward the optimal selection index system of beam bridge reinforcement scheme in the dry and cold region of northwest China, calculates the degree of dispersion and important coefficient of the index, and forms the final optimal selection index system of the second grade reinforcement scheme after screening. It includes three primary indexes and nineteen secondary indexes, and defines the connotation, calculation formula and preliminary treatment method of each index. The subjective AHP weight and objective entropy weight are combined to determine the weight of the optimal selection index of beam and bridge reinforcement scheme in the dry and cold region of Northwest China by using the weighted method of maximizing deviation. After analyzing the principle and application range of many decision methods, the TOPSIS method, which is the most suitable for scheme selection, is selected. Aiming at the defects of traditional TOPSIS method, an improved TOPSIS method based on vertical plane distance is put forward, and an optimal selection model of beam bridge reinforcement scheme is established in the dry and cold region of Northwest China. New ideas and methods are provided for the selection of reinforcement schemes that meet the social, technical and economic requirements. Aiming at the example of Jiayuguan K2378,466 Zongzhai Bridge 003 reinforcement project in Gulang-Guazhou section of Lianhuo High-speed G30, the optimal selection model of reinforcement scheme based on combined weighting and improved TOPSIS method is adopted, and the four reinforcement schemes in the example are selected optimally. The result of calculation is that the scheme of bonded carbon fiber cloth is optimal, which is consistent with the actual situation, which fully shows that the optimal selection model of the reinforcement scheme is effective and reasonable. This paper studies the optimal selection of bridge reinforcement schemes in the dry and cold region of Northwest China. On the one hand, it adds new results to the regional study of bridge reinforcement schemes, on the other hand, it provides a basis for bridge managers to make decisions. Promoted the northwest dry cold area economic development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U445.72

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