本文選題：作業(yè)安全 + 流程設計　； 參考：《大連理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,生產(chǎn)安全已經(jīng)成為促進社會和諧健康發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵問題,日益受到全社會的高度關(guān)注。研究顯示,80%以上的安全生產(chǎn)事故是由人的不安全行為導致的,其產(chǎn)生原因與環(huán)境情況、設備狀態(tài)等因素的影響密不可分,因此,分析不安全行為的產(chǎn)生原因,降低不安全行為的發(fā)生概率,設計安全合理的作業(yè)流程,對促進生產(chǎn)安全意義重大。本文針對碼頭安全作業(yè)流程設計問題開展研究,核心內(nèi)容如下：首先,針對碼頭鋼板庫場卸貨作業(yè)的作業(yè)流程,分析了流程中可能產(chǎn)生的不安全行為及其產(chǎn)生原因；其次,借助事故樹和貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡,建立考慮作業(yè)角色不安全行為的安全評價模型,該模型能夠反映系統(tǒng)全生命周期中各環(huán)節(jié)“動態(tài)”、“連續(xù)”的特點,能夠有效加強事故預防的針對性；隨后,對模型進行求解,采用模糊理論對不安全行為的發(fā)生概率及產(chǎn)生原因的影響度進行求解,并利用貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡的雙向推理能力,分別對事故的發(fā)生概率和基本事件的重要度進行計算,通過分析高重要度不安全行為的產(chǎn)生原因,設計改進的作業(yè)流程對其進行控制。最后,研究異常環(huán)境對不安全行為發(fā)生概率的影響,推算該環(huán)境下事故概率的變化范圍,并設計針對異常環(huán)境的作業(yè)流程,降低不利環(huán)境對作業(yè)安全性的影響,達到提升作業(yè)安全性的目的。本文的結(jié)果表明：本方法可以有效改善所研究的作業(yè)流程的安全性,不僅能夠在事故發(fā)生時快速對應到出現(xiàn)問題的作業(yè)步驟和角色,加強事故的預防工作的針對性,更能夠通過作業(yè)流程的設計,降低正常情況下的事故發(fā)生概率,降低異常環(huán)境對作業(yè)安全性的威脅,為作業(yè)流程的安全分析及安全設計提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:In recent years, production safety has become a key issue to promote the harmonious and healthy development of society. The study shows that more than 80% of accidents in production safety are caused by unsafe behavior of human beings, and the causes are closely related to the environmental conditions, equipment condition and other factors. Therefore, the causes of unsafe behaviors are analyzed. It is of great significance to reduce the probability of unsafe behavior and design safe and reasonable operation flow. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the unsafe behavior and its causes in the process are analyzed according to the unloading process of the steel yard of the wharf. With the help of accident tree and Bayesian network, a safety evaluation model considering the unsafe behavior of job role is established. The model can reflect the characteristics of "dynamic" and "continuous" in the whole life cycle of the system. It can effectively strengthen the pertinence of accident prevention, then solve the model, use fuzzy theory to solve the probability of unsafe behavior and the influence degree of the causes, and utilize the two-way reasoning ability of Bayesian network. The probability of accidents and the importance of basic events are calculated, and the causes of unsafe behavior of high importance are analyzed, and the improved operation flow is designed to control them. Finally, the influence of abnormal environment on the probability of unsafe behavior is studied, and the variation range of probability of accidents is calculated, and the operation flow is designed to reduce the influence of adverse environment on the safety of work. Achieve the purpose of improving job safety. The results of this paper show that this method can effectively improve the safety of the work flow studied, not only can quickly correspond to the operation steps and roles of the problem at the time of the accident, but also strengthen the pertinence of the accident prevention work. It can reduce the probability of accidents under normal conditions and reduce the threat of abnormal environment to job safety through the design of job flow, which provides a new idea for safety analysis and safety design of job flow.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U698.5

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本文編號：1878030