發(fā)布時間：2018-05-08 00:23

  本文選題：可變限速 + 模糊控制��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：高速公路作為我國城市間的連接紐帶發(fā)展迅速,但由超速行駛導(dǎo)致的事故頻發(fā)、死亡率高嚴(yán)重威脅著生命及財產(chǎn)的安全。一方面,目前我國高速公路普遍采用全線統(tǒng)一的限速方式,可變限速覆蓋率小并且設(shè)置不合理,包括影響因素考慮不全面并且存在頻率過快駕駛員難以適應(yīng)等問題。另一方面,高速公路交通環(huán)境系統(tǒng)是非線性、時變的,受道路線形、交通流、天氣等不可控影響因素的影響,大環(huán)境無法用確定的模型進(jìn)行描述。本文在對各影響因素分析研究的前提下,以模糊思想為理論基礎(chǔ)構(gòu)建了基于多元因素預(yù)判的高速公路可變限速控制模型,充分并合理考慮影響因素的影響并且通過預(yù)判的方式減少可變限速值的變換次數(shù),以提高駕駛員舒適度、運(yùn)行效率并保障行車安全。首先,分析各高速公路限速值的影響因素及其作用機(jī)理,求解各影響因素對基準(zhǔn)限速值的修正系數(shù),后運(yùn)用層次分析的方法對各修正系數(shù)賦予權(quán)重,避免了因影響因素間相互作用導(dǎo)致對限速值重復(fù)修正、可變限速值偏小的情況;其次,運(yùn)用模糊控制的基本思想構(gòu)建了三個環(huán)境識別子模型,子模型共同組成的模糊預(yù)判系統(tǒng)可以對高速公路綜合環(huán)境進(jìn)行打分,在高速公路整體環(huán)境不佳的情況下對靜態(tài)限速模型進(jìn)行修正以適應(yīng)真實(shí)道路環(huán)境;最后,在MATLAB以及SIMULINK的環(huán)境下對構(gòu)建的多元因素預(yù)判限速控制模型進(jìn)行建模、仿真,將系統(tǒng)輸出的結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)限速方法得出的限速結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比分析,驗(yàn)證本文所構(gòu)建的可變限速控制模型的合理性、可行性。模糊控制是傳統(tǒng)智能控制的一個重要的分支,是模仿人腦具有的模糊決策和推理功能來解決復(fù)雜問題的控制方法,為非線性、復(fù)雜問題的解決提供了新的方法。本文構(gòu)建的基于模糊控制理論的預(yù)判系統(tǒng),能夠綜合考慮多元因素對高速公路限速值的影響,使后續(xù)限速值控制合理化,并有效地減少高速公路可變限速值的變化次數(shù)、縮小可變限速值的浮動范圍,增加駕駛員的服從度及舒適性、改善高速公路的通行能力、保證時效的最大化、減少事故的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Expressway is developing rapidly as a link between cities in our country, but accidents caused by overspeed frequently occur, and the high mortality rate seriously threatens the safety of life and property. On the one hand, at present, the highway of our country generally adopts the whole line unified speed limit way, the variable speed limit coverage rate is small and the setting is unreasonable, including the influence factor consideration is not comprehensive and the frequency too fast driver is difficult to adapt and so on. On the other hand, the highway traffic environment system is nonlinear, time-varying, affected by uncontrollable factors such as road alignment, traffic flow, weather and so on. In this paper, based on the fuzzy theory, the variable speed limit control model of expressway based on multiple factors prejudgment is constructed based on the analysis and research of various influencing factors. The influence of influencing factors is fully and reasonably taken into account and the number of times of changing variable speed limit is reduced by means of pre-judgment to improve driver comfort, operation efficiency and ensure driving safety. First of all, the influence factors and their action mechanism of the speed limit value of each expressway are analyzed, and the correction coefficient of each influencing factor to the benchmark speed limit value is solved, and then the weight of each correction coefficient is given by the method of analytic hierarchy process. It avoids the situation that the speed limit value is modified repeatedly because of the interaction between the influence factors, and the variable speed limit value is small. Secondly, three environmental recognition sub-models are constructed by using the basic idea of fuzzy control. The fuzzy prejudgment system composed of sub-models can grade the comprehensive environment of freeway, and modify the static speed limit model to adapt to the real road environment when the overall environment of expressway is not good. In the environment of MATLAB and SIMULINK, the multi-factor predictive speed limit control model is modeled and simulated. The system output results are compared with those obtained by the traditional speed limit method. Verify the rationality and feasibility of the variable speed limit control model constructed in this paper. Fuzzy control is an important branch of traditional intelligent control, which imitates the fuzzy decision and reasoning function of human brain to solve complex problems. It provides a new method for solving nonlinear and complex problems. The predictive system based on fuzzy control theory can synthetically consider the influence of multiple factors on the speed limit of freeway, rationalize the control of subsequent speed limit, and effectively reduce the change times of variable speed limit of expressway. It can reduce the floating range of variable speed limit, increase driver's serviceability and comfort, improve the traffic capacity of freeway, ensure the maximization of time limit, and reduce the occurrence of accidents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491

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本文編號：1859129