本文選題：橋梁沉降 + 超聲波　； 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：橋梁沉降的發(fā)生會(huì)引起結(jié)構(gòu)損傷,承載力下降,造成一系列嚴(yán)重的災(zāi)害事故。因此作為衡量橋梁健康狀態(tài)的主要參數(shù)之一,橋梁沉降是結(jié)構(gòu)監(jiān)測(cè)與分析評(píng)估的重點(diǎn)。由于原有監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)的瓶頸以及橋梁沉降長(zhǎng)期實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)的困難,研究新型橋梁監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù),突破原有技術(shù)的局限性,具有重要的學(xué)術(shù)與工程價(jià)值。本論文首先介紹了目前橋梁沉降監(jiān)測(cè)意義以及現(xiàn)有監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù),通過(guò)對(duì)這些技術(shù)的原理、性能及優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)了現(xiàn)階段橋梁沉降監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)的局限性及其難點(diǎn),為本論文沉降監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)的研究提供參考。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有橋梁沉降監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)的局限性,本論文首次提出采用基于多模干涉技術(shù)的光纖超聲波傳感系統(tǒng)用于橋梁沉降非接觸式監(jiān)測(cè),并深入研究了光纖傳感器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化、傳感系統(tǒng)機(jī)理、超聲波位移傳感系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與搭建、傳感實(shí)驗(yàn)和橋梁沉降模擬測(cè)試。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括：(1)系統(tǒng)研究分析了超聲波的特性、基于超聲波的非接觸式測(cè)距原理。(2)研究了多模干涉光纖傳感器及其對(duì)超聲波探測(cè)機(jī)理,理論結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)傳感器進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化,有效提高了光纖傳感器對(duì)高頻超聲波的探測(cè)靈敏度。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究實(shí)現(xiàn)了多模干涉光纖傳感器對(duì)25kHz以上超聲波探測(cè)。同時(shí),針對(duì)外界環(huán)境變化引起傳感器信號(hào)漂移誤差,提出雙傳感器相位參考技術(shù),通過(guò)同步測(cè)量與解析參考傳感器與測(cè)量傳感器相位差值,有效降低了由于外界干擾引起的測(cè)量誤差,大幅提高系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性。(3)理論研究基于超聲波的光纖非接觸式測(cè)距系統(tǒng)機(jī)理,設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)了并搭建非接觸式位移傳感系統(tǒng),通過(guò)多模干涉光纖傳感器對(duì)位移所引起連續(xù)超聲波信號(hào)的相位變化進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)探測(cè)解析,研究實(shí)現(xiàn)了所設(shè)計(jì)傳感系統(tǒng)對(duì)3-7米距離內(nèi)位移變化的非接觸式測(cè)量,其位移分辨率達(dá)0.2mm。(4)實(shí)驗(yàn)室搭建橋梁沉降測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),模擬橋梁實(shí)際沉降發(fā)展規(guī)律,進(jìn)行了模擬沉降監(jiān)測(cè)試驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)現(xiàn)并驗(yàn)證了所設(shè)計(jì)傳感系統(tǒng)對(duì)7米范圍內(nèi)微小沉降變化的非接觸式探測(cè),其分辨率保持在0.2mm,測(cè)量誤差7%左右。通過(guò)對(duì)橋梁沉降監(jiān)測(cè)的模擬研究實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證該傳感系統(tǒng)可行性及初步的性能指標(biāo),為其用于橋梁沉降監(jiān)測(cè)提供了一定的理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:Bridge settlement will cause structural damage and decrease of bearing capacity, resulting in a series of serious disasters. Therefore, as one of the main parameters to measure bridge health, bridge settlement is the focus of structural monitoring and analysis. Because of the bottleneck of the original monitoring technology and the difficulty of long-term real-time monitoring of bridge settlement, it is of great academic and engineering value to study the new bridge monitoring technology and break through the limitations of the original technology. This paper first introduces the significance of bridge settlement monitoring and the existing monitoring technology. Through the analysis of the principle, performance, advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, the limitations and difficulties of bridge settlement monitoring technology at present are summarized. It provides a reference for the research of settlement monitoring technology in this paper. In view of the limitation of the existing bridge settlement monitoring technology, this paper first puts forward the application of fiber optic ultrasonic sensing system based on multi-mode interferometry to bridge settlement non-contact monitoring, and deeply studies the structure design and optimization of optical fiber sensor. Sensor system mechanism, ultrasonic displacement sensing system design and construction, sensing experiment and bridge settlement simulation test. The main research contents include: (1) the characteristics of ultrasonic wave are studied and analyzed. Based on the principle of non-contact ranging of ultrasonic wave, the multimode interferometric optical fiber sensor and its mechanism of ultrasonic detection are studied. The sensitivity of fiber optic sensor to high frequency ultrasonic detection is improved effectively by designing and optimizing the structure of the sensor based on theory and experiment. The multimode interferometric optical fiber sensor for ultrasonic detection above 25kHz is studied experimentally. At the same time, aiming at the sensor signal drift error caused by the change of external environment, a two-sensor phase reference technique is proposed. The phase difference between the reference sensor and the sensor is measured synchronously and analytically. The measurement error caused by external interference is effectively reduced, and the stability of the system is greatly improved. The theoretical study on the mechanism of fiber optic non-contact ranging system based on ultrasonic wave is carried out, and the non-contact displacement sensing system is designed and built. The phase change of continuous ultrasonic signal caused by displacement is detected and analyzed in real time by multimode interferometric optical fiber sensor, and the non-contact measurement of displacement change within 3-7 meters is studied and realized by the designed sensing system. The displacement resolution reaches 0.2mm. 4) the experimental system of bridge settlement testing is set up in the laboratory, and the actual settlement development law of the bridge is simulated, and the simulated settlement monitoring test is carried out. The experimental results show that the sensor system can detect the small subsidence within 7 meters. The resolution of the sensor system is 0.2mm, and the measurement error is about 7%. The feasibility of the sensor system and the preliminary performance index are verified by the simulation research on bridge settlement monitoring, which provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the bridge settlement monitoring.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U446

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 余楊,黃惟一;一種機(jī)器人光纖傳感器光路設(shè)計(jì)的一般方法[J];東南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2001年01期

2 趙育良,李開(kāi)端;光纖傳感器在測(cè)量領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用[J];航空計(jì)測(cè)技術(shù);2001年06期

3 盧哲安,符晶華,張全林;光纖傳感器用于土木工程檢測(cè)的研究——關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑[J];武漢理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2001年08期

4 ;日本發(fā)明光纖傳感器[J];機(jī)床與液壓;2003年04期

5 周佳晟;唐國(guó)安;王皓;;光纖傳感器振動(dòng)特性分析方法[J];振動(dòng)與沖擊;2008年04期

6 李海燕;;光纖傳感器的現(xiàn)狀和展望[J];儀表技術(shù)與傳感器;2009年S1期

7 張成鋼;;光纖傳感器及其工程應(yīng)用[J];交通世界(運(yùn)輸.車輛);2011年07期

8 謝露;鞠浩然;張舵;;光纖傳感器淺析[J];企業(yè)技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā);2011年12期

9 李亞婷;;光纖傳感器的應(yīng)用[J];電子制作;2012年10期

10 尹林;楊熠;;光纖傳感器及其應(yīng)用研究[J];電子制作;2013年08期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 李川;;《光纖傳感器技術(shù)》課程建設(shè)[A];2006-2010年教育部高等學(xué)校光電信息科學(xué)與工程專業(yè)教學(xué)指導(dǎo)分委員會(huì)及協(xié)作委員會(huì)2010年全體會(huì)議論文集[C];2010年

2 ;一種用于薄結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)測(cè)量的新型光纖傳感器[A];廣東省材料研究學(xué)會(huì)部分單位會(huì)員成果匯編[C];2005年

3 田領(lǐng)紅;;一種可用于軍事領(lǐng)域上的壓力光纖傳感器[A];2000全國(guó)力學(xué)量傳感器及測(cè)試、計(jì)量學(xué)術(shù)交流會(huì)論文集[C];2000年

4 盧哲安;符晶華;張全林;;光纖傳感器用于土木工程檢測(cè)的研究——關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑[A];湖北省土木建筑學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)術(shù)論文集（2000-2001年卷）[C];2002年

5 冷勁松;;光纖傳感器及其在復(fù)合材料結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)中的應(yīng)用[A];科技、工程與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展——中國(guó)科協(xié)第五屆青年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2004年

6 何s，

本文編號(hào)：1849631