發(fā)布時間：2018-05-04 07:56

  本文選題：城市軌道交通 + 振動測試　； 參考：《中國鐵道科學研究院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：進入21世紀以來,城市道路的交通擁堵成為全國各大城市的重點熱點問題,為保證城市內的快速交通運輸,城市軌道交通在全國范圍內快速發(fā)展,隨之而來的是軌道交通通過市區(qū)時帶給周邊建筑與民眾的振動與噪聲問題,由于軌道交通的改造與重建成本高,同時噪聲問題影響的范圍和人群廣,因此城市軌道交通的噪聲問題越來越受到工程界的重視。本文綜述了橋梁結構噪聲的聲學特性和國內外研究現狀,并介紹了現有評價噪聲的方法和物理量,指出用現有的評價方法評價結構噪聲具有一定的局限性。本文對國內某城市軌道交通高架橋進行了振動與噪聲測試,得到橋梁噪聲隨距離衰減的關系;利用全封閉聲屏障的屏蔽效果,在梁底0.3m處測得較為準確的橋梁結構噪聲,并對比分析了聲屏障對城市軌道交通高架橋的降噪效果。本文以城市軌道交通常用的30m簡支箱梁為模型,考慮移動質量模型,基于有限元—邊界元理論計算高架橋的結構噪聲,首先計算分析了橋梁振動、聲場噪聲的時程分析和頻譜分析,最終總結了振動和噪聲的傳播、衰減規(guī)律,并將振動與噪聲的計算值和實測值進行了對比印證,驗證計算模型的準確性,其中,橋梁結構振動的計算采用了通用有限元軟件ANSYS的動力分析模塊,而輻射噪聲采用聲學仿真軟件Virtual.Lab Acoustics的瞬態(tài)邊界元模塊來計算。本文通過改變橋梁參數和車輛速度來研究其對振動和輻射噪聲的影響程度,為指導工程實踐進行減振降噪提供了理論依據。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the 21st century, traffic congestion on urban roads has become an important hot issue in all major cities in China. In order to ensure the rapid transportation in cities, urban rail transit develops rapidly throughout the country. What follows is the vibration and noise problem that rail transit brings to the surrounding buildings and people when it passes through the urban area. Because of the high cost of reconstruction and reconstruction of rail transit, at the same time, the noise problem affects a wide range of people and a wide range of people. Therefore, the noise problem of urban rail transit is paid more and more attention by the engineering circles. This paper summarizes the acoustic characteristics of bridge structure noise and the present research situation at home and abroad, and introduces the existing methods and physical quantities for evaluating structural noise. It is pointed out that the existing evaluation methods have some limitations in evaluating structural noise. In this paper, the vibration and noise of an urban rail transit viaduct in China are tested, and the relationship between the bridge noise and distance attenuation is obtained, and the bridge structure noise is measured accurately at the bottom of the beam at 0.3 m using the shielding effect of the completely closed noise barrier. The noise reduction effect of noise barrier on urban rail transit viaduct is compared and analyzed. Taking the 30m simply supported box girder commonly used in urban rail transit as the model, considering the moving mass model, the structural noise of the viaduct is calculated based on the finite-boundary element theory. Firstly, the bridge vibration is calculated and analyzed. The time history analysis and frequency spectrum analysis of sound field noise finally summarize the propagation and attenuation laws of vibration and noise. The calculated and measured values of vibration and noise are compared to verify the accuracy of the calculation model. The dynamic analysis module of the general finite element software ANSYS is used to calculate the vibration of the bridge structure, while the transient boundary element module of the acoustic simulation software Virtual.Lab Acoustics is used to calculate the radiated noise. In this paper, the influence of bridge parameters and vehicle speed on vibration and radiated noise is studied, which provides a theoretical basis for guiding engineering practice to reduce vibration and noise.
【學位授予單位】：中國鐵道科學研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U441.3

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