本文選題：城市路網(wǎng)脆弱性 + 局部影響范圍��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：路網(wǎng)脆弱性研究的主要目的是識(shí)別路網(wǎng)中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),快速有效地識(shí)別路網(wǎng)中的脆弱單元有助于保證道路交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)健發(fā)展。目前路網(wǎng)脆弱性的研究過多的注重評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的選取,而忽略了實(shí)際路網(wǎng)特點(diǎn),對(duì)城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)與公路網(wǎng)絡(luò)不加以明確區(qū)分。為此,本文在對(duì)城市路網(wǎng)脆弱性進(jìn)行分析時(shí)將綜合考慮城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特點(diǎn)。城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)路網(wǎng)密度高,可替代路徑較多,單一路網(wǎng)單元的失效通常只會(huì)對(duì)局部范圍內(nèi)的交通流運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生影響。所以本文在進(jìn)行流量重分配時(shí)只在局部影響范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行,對(duì)于局部影響范圍內(nèi)需要重分配的交通需求通過OD反推的方法進(jìn)行獲取。在進(jìn)行流量重分配時(shí),還需要考慮路網(wǎng)單元失效引起的其他路段的級(jí)聯(lián)失效。城市道路路段長度不長,交叉口較多,而交叉口作為城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)中通行能力的瓶頸,對(duì)于交通流的運(yùn)行存在著重要的影響,但是傳統(tǒng)的路網(wǎng)級(jí)聯(lián)失效模型忽略了交叉口對(duì)于交通流的影響。所以,本文將綜合考慮路段與交叉口對(duì)于交通流運(yùn)行的影響,對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的路網(wǎng)級(jí)聯(lián)失效模型進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。關(guān)于路網(wǎng)單元脆弱性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的構(gòu)建,本文將選用出行時(shí)間的變化率作為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。傳統(tǒng)的方法是直接使用路段總行駛時(shí)間的變化或變化率來進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),但這種方法忽略了交叉口對(duì)于交通流運(yùn)行的影響。對(duì)于城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)來說,交叉口對(duì)于交通流運(yùn)行存在著重要的影響,所以本文將以路段總行駛時(shí)間和交叉口總服務(wù)時(shí)間之和的變化率來作為路網(wǎng)單元的脆弱性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。最后,通過案例分析對(duì)本文提出的城市路網(wǎng)脆弱性評(píng)價(jià)方法進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。結(jié)果表明:本文改進(jìn)的級(jí)聯(lián)失效模型和提出的城市路網(wǎng)脆弱性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)都有助于提高脆弱性的計(jì)算精度。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of the research on road network vulnerability is to identify the weak links in the road network, and to identify the fragile units in the road network quickly and effectively to ensure the stable operation of the road traffic network and the steady development of social economy. At present, too much attention is paid to the selection of evaluation indexes in the study of road network vulnerability, and the characteristics of the actual road network are ignored, and the distinction between urban road network and highway network is not clear. Therefore, the characteristics of urban road network will be taken into account when analyzing the vulnerability of urban road network. The density of urban road network is high and the number of alternative paths is more. The failure of single road network unit usually only affects the local traffic flow operation. So this paper only carries on in the local influence range when carrying on the flow redistribution, and obtains the traffic demand which needs to be redistributed in the local influence range by the method of OD backstepping. The cascade failure of other sections caused by the failure of road network unit should also be considered in the process of flow redistribution. The length of urban road section is not long, and there are many intersections. As the bottleneck of traffic capacity in urban road network, intersection has an important impact on the operation of traffic flow. But the traditional cascade failure model ignores the influence of intersection on traffic flow. Therefore, this paper will consider the impact of road sections and intersections on traffic flow operation, and improve the traditional cascade failure model of road network. Regarding the construction of vulnerability evaluation index of road network unit, this paper chooses the change rate of travel time as the evaluation index. The traditional method is to use the change of total driving time or rate of change directly to evaluate the traffic flow, but this method ignores the influence of intersection on the traffic flow. For urban road network, intersection has an important impact on traffic flow, so this paper will take the change rate of the sum of total travel time and total service time of intersection as the vulnerability evaluation index of road network unit. Finally, the method of vulnerability assessment of urban road network is verified by case study. The results show that the improved cascade failure model and the proposed vulnerability evaluation index of urban road network are helpful to improve the calculation accuracy of vulnerability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U491

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本文編號(hào)：1820492