本文選題：高架橋墩 + 彈性模型　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的高速發(fā)展,日益繁忙的交通運(yùn)輸給沿海城市的跨海運(yùn)輸能力提出了更高的要求�？绾蛄和ǔｉL(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)十公里,其中通航橋?yàn)榇罂缍刃崩瓨蚝蛻宜鳂?而更多的是常規(guī)簡(jiǎn)支或連續(xù)高架橋。在海洋環(huán)境下,橋梁在服役過(guò)程中將遭受更為嚴(yán)苛的環(huán)境條件,尤其是風(fēng)浪作用。在風(fēng)荷載和波浪荷載的共同作用下,結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生破壞將導(dǎo)致難以估計(jì)的巨大損失。隨著我國(guó)大量跨海橋梁的新建,結(jié)構(gòu)在風(fēng)浪耦合作用下的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)問(wèn)題日益得到關(guān)注,但是國(guó)內(nèi)外在相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究還極度缺乏。本文以我國(guó)規(guī)劃建設(shè)的瓊州海峽跨海通道的高架橋墩為研究對(duì)象,在風(fēng)洞與浪槽實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)展了風(fēng)浪耦合作用下結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力響應(yīng)的試驗(yàn)研究。結(jié)構(gòu)基于彈性試驗(yàn)方法進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)橋梁模型結(jié)構(gòu)在風(fēng)、波浪以及風(fēng)浪耦合作用下的響應(yīng)規(guī)律進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)探究,并在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)大型橋墩的波浪力問(wèn)題開(kāi)展了理論分析和驗(yàn)證。本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和成果如下:(1)針對(duì)所研究高架橋墩進(jìn)行了模型設(shè)計(jì)、流場(chǎng)調(diào)試、測(cè)試系統(tǒng)安裝和工況設(shè)計(jì)。在Froude相似準(zhǔn)則的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮彈性模型試驗(yàn)的幾何相似、動(dòng)力相似和運(yùn)動(dòng)相似,設(shè)計(jì)了幾何相似比為1:60的高架橋墩模型;針對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)裝置的不足,進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)室的改造和流場(chǎng)調(diào)試,并完成了試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ秃蛡鞲衅鞯陌惭b與調(diào)試以及試驗(yàn)工況設(shè)計(jì)。(2)開(kāi)展了高架橋墩彈性模型在風(fēng)、波浪和風(fēng)浪耦合作用下的模型試驗(yàn)和數(shù)據(jù)分析。根據(jù)橋梁所處的海況條件以及相似準(zhǔn)則,分別開(kāi)展了模型結(jié)構(gòu)在單獨(dú)風(fēng)和波浪荷載,以及在風(fēng)浪耦合作用下的試驗(yàn)測(cè)試。基于測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù),分析了模型結(jié)構(gòu)在不同工況條件下的位移、加速度和基底彎矩和剪力等動(dòng)力響應(yīng)特征。研究結(jié)果表明波浪荷載是作用在結(jié)構(gòu)上的主要荷載,風(fēng)荷載對(duì)于墩頂位移占主導(dǎo)作用。(3)開(kāi)展了高架橋墩的波浪力計(jì)算的理論研究�；诖蟪叨冉Y(jié)構(gòu)在波浪作用下的繞射理論,建立了該類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)的波浪力計(jì)算的理論方法,得到結(jié)構(gòu)在波浪作用下的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律,并將試驗(yàn)所得的結(jié)果與繞射理論所得的結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,對(duì)本次試驗(yàn)中結(jié)構(gòu)在波浪作用下的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of infrastructure construction in our country, the increasingly busy traffic and transportation put forward higher requirements for coastal cities' trans-sea transport capacity. Sea-crossing bridges are usually tens of kilometers long, in which navigation bridges are long span cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges, and more are conventional simply supported or continuous viaducts. In the marine environment, bridges will be subjected to more severe environmental conditions, especially wind and waves. Under the combined action of wind load and wave load, the failure of the structure will lead to a huge loss which is difficult to estimate. With the construction of a large number of bridges across the sea in our country, the dynamic response of structures under the coupling of wind and waves has been paid more and more attention, but the research in related fields at home and abroad is extremely scarce. In this paper, the experimental study of the dynamic response of the structure under the coupling of wind tunnel and wave channel is carried out in the wind tunnel and the wave channel laboratory, taking the elevated pier of the Qiongzhou Strait cross-sea passage planned for construction in China as the research object. The structure is designed based on elastic test method, and the response law of bridge model structure under wind, wave and wind-wave coupling is investigated. On this basis, the wave force of large bridge pier is theoretically analyzed and verified. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) the model design, flow field debugging, test system installation and working condition design are carried out for the viaduct pier studied in this paper. On the basis of Froude similarity criterion, considering the geometric similarity, dynamic similarity and kinematic similarity of elastic model test, an elevated pier model with a geometric similarity ratio of 1:60 is designed. The experiment model and sensor are installed and debugged, and the design of test condition. 2) the model test and data analysis of the elastic model of elevated bridge pier under the coupling of wind, wave and wind wave are carried out. According to the sea condition and the similarity criterion of the bridge, the tests of the model structure under the wind and wave loads alone and under the coupling action of wind and wave are carried out respectively. Based on the test data, the dynamic response characteristics of the model structure under different working conditions, such as displacement, acceleration, base bending moment and shear force, are analyzed. The results show that the wave load is the main load acting on the structure, and the wind load plays a dominant role in the displacement of the pier top. Based on the diffraction theory of large scale structures under wave action, a theoretical method for wave force calculation is established, and the dynamic response of structures under wave action is obtained. The experimental results are compared with those obtained from the diffraction theory, and the dynamic responses of the structures under the action of the waves in this experiment are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U446;U443.22

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