本文選題：融雪劑 + 碳酰胺　； 參考：《長安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：冬季道路積雪往往會引起行車打滑、交通阻塞,給人們的出行帶來不便。融雪劑以其快速、高效的除雪特點(diǎn),成為冬季除雪的一種重要手段。作物營養(yǎng)型融雪劑結(jié)合了傳統(tǒng)融雪劑高效除雪和非氯鹽型融雪劑環(huán)保的優(yōu)點(diǎn),同時還具備促進(jìn)作物生長這一特點(diǎn),是一種可大范圍使用的環(huán)保型融雪劑。而在目前對作物營養(yǎng)型融雪劑的制備研究中,碳酰胺只是被當(dāng)作一種普通的肥料,由于摻量過少而不能充分發(fā)揮其所具備的融冰化雪特性。因此,本文選用碳酰胺作為主物料之一制備一種低氯高效復(fù)合融雪劑,對其融雪性能進(jìn)行研究和評價,并與常用融雪劑作對比。論文首先以冰點(diǎn)及溶解熱為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)篩選出碳酰胺復(fù)合融雪劑的其它兩種主物料-G和M,利用單純形重心設(shè)計法確定碳酰胺和放熱劑組成的混合物(F)在摻量分別為10%、20%和30%時的最佳配比。以高效環(huán)保為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)優(yōu)選緩蝕劑,利用失重法對緩蝕劑進(jìn)行復(fù)配,確定出由鉬酸鈉與磷酸氫二鈉按一定比列混合組成的復(fù)合緩蝕劑及其最適濃度。然后對現(xiàn)有融雪劑評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行細(xì)化和補(bǔ)充,提出除冰雪能力和腐蝕破壞性能兩類指標(biāo),通過冰點(diǎn)、融冰速率、融冰持效性和防粘結(jié)性測試,評價融雪劑的除冰雪能力;通過融雪劑對金屬、水泥混凝土、瀝青混合料的腐蝕及對植物生長的破壞試驗,評價融雪劑的腐蝕破壞性能,并與常用融雪劑作對比。最后以碳酰胺復(fù)合融雪劑冰點(diǎn)與溶液濃度的關(guān)系為依據(jù),建立單位面積融雪劑撒布量與環(huán)境溫度、降雪量的數(shù)學(xué)模型。論文以碳酰胺、G和M為主物料制備得到三種適用于不同環(huán)境的碳酰胺融雪劑,通過研究融雪劑的除冰雪能力和腐蝕破壞性能,對融雪劑性能進(jìn)行全面評價,并根據(jù)性能研究結(jié)果,對其應(yīng)用提出建議。
[Abstract]:Winter road snow will often cause traffic slippage, traffic congestion, people's travel inconvenience. Snowmelt has become an important method for snow removal in winter because of its fast and high efficiency. Crop nutritious snow melting agent combines the advantages of traditional snow melting agent with high efficiency and non-chlorinated snow melt agent to protect environment, at the same time, it has the characteristics of promoting crop growth, so it is a kind of environmental protection snow melting agent which can be widely used. In the present research on the preparation of crop nutritious snowmelt, carbamide is only used as a common fertilizer, and it can not give full play to its characteristics of melting snow due to its low content. Therefore, carbamide was chosen as one of the main materials to prepare a low chlorine and high efficiency composite snowmelt agent, and its snowmelt performance was studied and evaluated, and compared with common snowmelt agent. In this paper, the other two main materials of carbamide composite snowmelt agent, -G and M, were selected by using freezing point and heat of solution as the standard, and the mixture of carbamide and exothermic agent was determined by the simplex center of gravity design method with the content of 10% and 20%, respectively. The best ratio is 30. Based on the high efficiency and environmental protection as the standard, the corrosion inhibitor and its optimum concentration were determined by weight loss method. The compound corrosion inhibitor was composed of sodium molybdate and disodium hydrogen phosphate in a certain ratio. Secondly, the existing evaluation criteria of snowmelt agent are refined and supplemented, and two kinds of indexes, namely the ability of snow and ice removal and the ability of corrosion damage, are put forward. Through the test of freezing point, ice melting rate, ice holding capacity and anti-binding ability, the ability of snow melting agent to remove snow and ice is evaluated. Through the corrosion test of snowmelt agent to metal, cement concrete, asphalt mixture and plant growth, the corrosion and damage performance of snowmelt agent was evaluated and compared with that of common snowmelt agent. Finally, based on the relationship between freezing point and solution concentration of carbamide composite snowmelt agent, a mathematical model of snow melting agent dispersing amount, environmental temperature and snowfall amount per unit area is established. In this paper, three kinds of carbamide snowmelt agents which are suitable for different environments are prepared by using carbamide G and M as main materials. Through the study of snow removal ability and corrosion damage performance of snowmelt agents, the properties of snowmelt agents are comprehensively evaluated. According to the results of performance research, some suggestions for its application are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U418.41

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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