本文選題：電動汽車 + 充電站規(guī)劃　； 參考：《西華大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,能源危機和環(huán)境污染等問題日益突出,人們對自身健康和居住環(huán)境也越來越關(guān)注。在環(huán)境壓力和國家政策驅(qū)使下新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)得到快速發(fā)展,而電動汽車是新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)的代表之一,電動汽車不僅可以為人們生活提供便利,而且也是解決能源和環(huán)境問題的一個重要手段。目前電動汽車續(xù)航里程短,充換電設(shè)施網(wǎng)絡(luò)不夠完善,還無法滿足電能供給,因此需要對充換電設(shè)施進行科學的規(guī)劃。本文首先對公交車充換電站的運行進行優(yōu)化,涉及公交運營、電池更換和電池充電等多個方面�？紤]公交車的運行規(guī)律和耗電特性等因素,定量分析了車輛的日換電需求,并基于均衡使用電池和有利于電池充電的原則,推導(dǎo)了電池優(yōu)化更換的順序。以充電成本最小為首要目標,綜合考慮平滑充電負荷曲線,分別建立了兩階段優(yōu)化充電模型,實現(xiàn)削峰填谷作用。然后備用電池數(shù)量等因素對優(yōu)化結(jié)果的影響進行了分析,從而驗證了所提優(yōu)化模型的可行性。然后研究了電動汽車充電站的規(guī)劃,為實現(xiàn)電動汽車用戶和充電站運營者利益雙贏,提出充電站選址定容模型,該模型以社會成本總損耗最小為目標進行充電站選址優(yōu)化,采用免疫優(yōu)化算法求解;同時還建立了以最優(yōu)服務(wù)效率為目標,模擬車輛行為產(chǎn)生換電需求,多類設(shè)備形成服務(wù)機構(gòu)的排隊系統(tǒng),并考慮了車輛等待超時退出、服務(wù)時間的充電站運營模型,計算了充電站的服務(wù)容量、等待時長、設(shè)備使用率等指標,最后通過算例驗證了該方法的可行性。最后,對電動汽車充電站運營發(fā)展模式進行評估,指出我國充電站的運營模式主要由政府、企業(yè)和用戶三類主導(dǎo)建設(shè)模式,然后分別對電動汽車整車充電和換電模式下的經(jīng)濟效益、運行安全、等其他因素進行對比分析,建立指標評價體系確定運營模式并通過算例驗證了評價體系的實用性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, energy crisis and environmental pollution have become increasingly prominent, people pay more and more attention to their own health and living environment. Driven by environmental pressure and national policies, the new energy industry has developed rapidly, and electric vehicles are one of the representatives of the new energy industry. Electric vehicles can not only provide convenience for people's lives. It is also an important means of solving energy and environmental problems. At present, electric vehicles have short mileage of life, the network of charging and switching facilities is not perfect, and can not satisfy the supply of electric energy, so it is necessary to plan the charging and changing facilities scientifically. This paper first optimizes the operation of the bus charging station, including bus operation, battery replacement and battery charging. Considering the running rule and power consumption characteristics of the bus, this paper quantitatively analyzes the demand for the daily electricity exchange of the vehicle, and based on the principle of the balanced use of the battery and the principle of the battery charging, deduces the order of the optimal replacement of the battery. Taking the minimum charge cost as the primary goal and considering the smooth charging load curve, a two-stage optimal charging model was established to realize the effect of peak cutting and valley filling. Then, the influence of the number of spare cells on the optimization results is analyzed, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed optimization model. Then, the planning of charging station of electric vehicle is studied. In order to realize the benefit of both users of electric vehicle and operator of charging station, a fixed volume model of charging station location is put forward, which aims at minimizing the total loss of social cost to optimize the location of charging station. The immune optimization algorithm is used to solve the problem. At the same time, a queuing system with the goal of optimal service efficiency is established, which simulates the demand for electricity exchange in vehicle behavior and forms a service organization with many kinds of equipment, and considers the waiting time out of the vehicle. The operation model of charging station for service time is used to calculate the service capacity, waiting time, equipment utilization rate and so on. Finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by an example. Finally, the paper evaluates the operation and development mode of electric vehicle charging station, and points out that the operation mode of charging station in our country is dominated by three kinds of construction modes: government, enterprise and user. Then, the economic benefit, operation safety and other factors of electric vehicle charging and switching mode are compared and analyzed respectively, and the evaluation system is established to determine the operation mode and the practicability of the evaluation system is verified by an example.
【學位授予單位】：西華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.8

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本文編號：1818949