發(fā)布時間：2018-04-27 11:11

  本文選題：破冰 + 海河工程局��； 參考：《中國經(jīng)濟(jì)史研究》2017年06期

【摘要】：天津港在冬季約有72天的封凍期無法通航,嚴(yán)重制約其對外貿(mào)易的發(fā)展,直到海河工程局成功破冰通航。揭開塵封的英文、日文檔案,這一破天荒的歷史事件得以再現(xiàn)。作為公益法人的海河工程局,以其獨特的優(yōu)勢整合中外官商各利益相關(guān)方的資源,在清末民初動蕩時局下順利引進(jìn)西方技術(shù)、人才、信息,發(fā)行公債海外融資,形成有效的管理模式,短短一兩年就實現(xiàn)了破冰通航,并且得到持續(xù)發(fā)展和完善。從破冰船的訂制與作業(yè),無線通訊設(shè)備的使用,到新河修理廠定期的維護(hù)和修理,以及救援與導(dǎo)航,形成了一套完整而成熟的破冰業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng),成為中國破冰業(yè)的中心。冬季通航對天津港的貢獻(xiàn)率,從幾乎是0漸增至1929—1930年度的18.6%。從而使天津港在北方不凍港的挑戰(zhàn)中,能夠克服自身的劣勢,區(qū)位優(yōu)勢與市場優(yōu)勢得以釋放,港口競爭力得以強(qiáng)化。
[Abstract]:Tianjin Port was unable to sail during the 72 days of freezing period in winter, which seriously restricted the development of its foreign trade until Haihe Engineering Bureau successfully broke the ice. Uncover dusty English, Japanese file, this unprecedented historical event can reproduce. As a public welfare legal person, Haihe Engineering Bureau, with its unique advantages, integrates the resources of various stakeholders of Chinese and foreign government and businessmen, and smoothly introduces western technology, talents, information, and public debt overseas financing under the turbulent situation in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. The formation of an effective management model, in a short period of one or two years to achieve ice-breaking navigation, and has been sustainable development and improvement. From the order and operation of icebreaker, the use of wireless communication equipment to the regular maintenance and repair of Xinhe repair factory, as well as the rescue and navigation, a set of complete and mature ice-breaking business system has been formed, which has become the center of China's ice-breaking industry. The contribution rate of winter navigation to Tianjin Port increased from almost 0 to 18.6 in 1929-1930. So that Tianjin Port can overcome its own disadvantages, regional advantages and market advantages can be released, and the competitiveness of the port can be strengthened in the challenge of non-frozen port in the north.
【作者單位】： 清華大學(xué)社會科學(xué)學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究所;
【分類號】：F552.9
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本文編號：1810498