本文選題：交叉口 + 尾氣排放��； 參考：《北京理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來，隨著城市交通系統(tǒng)的不斷發(fā)展，交通尾氣排放帶來的大氣污染已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響了人民的生活，引起越來越多的關(guān)注和研究。因此，將尾氣排放作為道路評價(jià)的指標(biāo)，尤其在信號交叉口這一交通節(jié)點(diǎn)處，可以更好地解決尾氣排放優(yōu)化問題。 本文在總結(jié)前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，以信號交叉口綜合評價(jià)為研究對象，充分考慮尾氣排放指標(biāo)在交叉口綜合評價(jià)中的作用，建立基于車輛運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的對交叉口的尾氣排放計(jì)算模型，并采用主成分分析法，實(shí)現(xiàn)定量化交叉口綜合評價(jià)。本論文主要在一下幾方面進(jìn)行了探索和研究： 首先對國內(nèi)外尾氣排放及交叉口評價(jià)相關(guān)研究進(jìn)行了梳理總結(jié)，分析了使用較為廣泛的機(jī)動車尾氣排放模型和交叉口管理控制技術(shù)對機(jī)動車尾氣排放的影響，重點(diǎn)對交叉口綜合評價(jià)方法及評價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行研究，為交叉口處尾氣排放計(jì)算和交叉口綜合評價(jià)指標(biāo)建立奠定了較好的理論基礎(chǔ)。 其次從城市信號交叉口處交通特性入手，，引入比功率參數(shù)來描述車輛運(yùn)性工況與污染物排放因子之間的關(guān)系，并給出各VSP區(qū)間內(nèi)機(jī)動車的污染物排放因子，利用交叉口處車輛運(yùn)行狀態(tài)將交通微觀仿真模型與尾氣排放模型相結(jié)合，建立基于車輛運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的交叉口尾氣排放計(jì)算模型。 然后針對城市道路平面信號交叉口的特點(diǎn)及評價(jià)指標(biāo)選取原則，建立交叉口綜合評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系和主成分分析評價(jià)模型。利用主成分分析法將高維度的評價(jià)指標(biāo)變?yōu)榈途S度不相關(guān)的主成分指標(biāo)，確定其權(quán)重系數(shù)，并得到交叉口處綜合評價(jià)值。 最后以典型信號交叉口為例，展開模型的應(yīng)用分析。利用基于車輛運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的交叉口尾氣排放計(jì)算模型對交叉口尾氣排放進(jìn)行計(jì)算，驗(yàn)證了該尾氣計(jì)算模型具有良好的可行性和適用性。同時(shí)利用多個(gè)交叉口仿真數(shù)據(jù)對交叉口綜合評價(jià)模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，不僅可以科學(xué)地計(jì)算出各個(gè)交叉口的綜合評價(jià)值，同時(shí)還可以實(shí)現(xiàn)多交叉口間定量化比較，對交叉口的評價(jià)及優(yōu)化有著重要的意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous development of urban traffic system, the air pollution caused by traffic exhaust emissions has seriously affected the lives of the people, causing more and more attention and research. Therefore, taking exhaust emission as the index of road evaluation, especially at the traffic node of signalized intersection, can better solve the problem of exhaust emission optimization. On the basis of summarizing the previous studies, this paper takes the comprehensive evaluation of signalized intersection as the research object, and fully considers the role of exhaust emission index in the comprehensive evaluation of intersection. The exhaust emission calculation model of intersection based on vehicle running state is established, and the comprehensive evaluation of quantitative intersection is realized by principal component analysis (PCA). This paper mainly carries on the exploration and the research in the following several aspects: First of all, the domestic and foreign research on exhaust emission and intersection evaluation is summarized, and the impact of vehicle exhaust emission model and intersection management and control technology on vehicle exhaust emission is analyzed. The comprehensive evaluation method and evaluation index of intersection are studied in order to lay a good theoretical foundation for the calculation of exhaust emission at intersection and the establishment of comprehensive evaluation index for intersection. Secondly, based on the traffic characteristics of urban signalized intersections, specific power parameters are introduced to describe the relationship between vehicle transport conditions and pollutant emission factors, and the emission factors of motor vehicles in each VSP region are given. The traffic microscopic simulation model and the exhaust emission model are combined by using the vehicle running state at the intersection, and the calculation model of the intersection exhaust emission based on the vehicle running state is established. Then, according to the characteristics of urban road signalized intersection and the selection principle of evaluation index, the comprehensive evaluation index system and principal component analysis evaluation model of intersection are established. The principal component analysis (PCA) is used to change the high dimension evaluation index into the low dimension independent principal component index, and the weight coefficient of the index is determined, and the comprehensive evaluation value at the intersection is obtained. Finally, a typical signal intersection is taken as an example to analyze the application of the model. The exhaust emission calculation model of intersection based on vehicle running state is used to calculate the exhaust emission of intersection, and it is verified that the model has good feasibility and applicability. At the same time, the comprehensive evaluation model of intersection can be verified by using the simulation data of multiple intersections, which can not only calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of each intersection scientifically, but also realize the quantitative comparison between multiple intersections. It is of great significance to evaluate and optimize the intersection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.23;X82

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本文編號：1809453