本文選題：高速公路 + 景觀設計�。� 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放我國加入世貿組織后經(jīng)濟得到快速發(fā)展,為高速公路的迅猛發(fā)展奠定了經(jīng)濟基礎,同時高速公路也為實行社會主義市場經(jīng)濟做出了突出的貢獻,在國民經(jīng)濟建設中發(fā)揮了重要的作用。然而,在走可持續(xù)行性發(fā)展道路的要求下,國民對生態(tài)環(huán)保意識不斷增強,社會組織及國家政府開始對因修建高速公路而被破壞的生態(tài)環(huán)境及高速公路沿線的視覺景觀日益重視。如何使高速公路在滿足車輛行駛等功能需求的前提下,和周圍景觀環(huán)境相協(xié)調,并將生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞程度降到最低,是高速公路建設中面臨的主要問題。在發(fā)達國家已經(jīng)有專門設計機構,高速公路景觀設計在我國尚處于探索發(fā)展階段。該研究通過查閱相關文獻資料,分析國內外高速公路景觀發(fā)展情況,總結相關研究成果,以廣西靖西至那坡高速公路景觀綠化設計實踐為案例,系統(tǒng)論述了對高速公路景觀要素及其構成等相關理論知識和設計手法,取得以下主要研究結果:1.高速公路景觀設計以景觀綠化設計為主線,滿足交通功能需求(如防眩光、誘導視線等)的同時,能夠順應自然、保護自然,營造出優(yōu)美的沿線景觀,力求打造“安全、快捷、舒適、和諧”的綠色生態(tài)走廊。2.高速公路沿線綠化是一個動態(tài)的三維空間景觀,是典型的“繩結模式”景觀,具有點式綠化(結)和線性綠化(繩)兩種形式。常規(guī)的高速公路景觀設計主要內容包括主線景觀(繩)和隧道進出口、互通立交及服務區(qū)景觀(結)兩大部分,如何安排各“結”點的景觀序列并通過“繩”有機的連貫起來是高速公路景觀設計的重點。3.高速公路景觀設計在保證道路的通暢與行駛安全的基礎與前提下,線性綠化設計重在“勢”,首先要考慮公路沿線景觀與周邊生態(tài)環(huán)境的協(xié)調性;其次,還要根據(jù)高速公路綠化的線性特性,使公路邊坡綠化、植生帶綠化及中央隔離帶的綠化保持良好的視覺景觀效果;第三,還應考慮高速公路沿線綠化帶的連續(xù)性及植物天際線的平滑自然。而點式綠化設計主要位于隧道進出口、互通立交及服務區(qū)綠化,其設計重點在“形”,主要考慮綠化植物的造型與品種的選擇、觀景點的主要建筑及景觀小品的風格、對景觀場所的可識別性、可記憶性的強調等景觀要素的處理手法。4.高速公路沿線的環(huán)境景觀設計、綠化造型設計、植物品種的選擇要與當?shù)仫L土人情、地理環(huán)境、歷史文化相協(xié)調,不能一味的強調景觀空間的視覺效果而破壞當?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)群落。高速公路的景觀設計不僅要考慮自然經(jīng)濟效益的可持續(xù)性,還要結合當?shù)氐拿麆俟袍E和各種動植物資源的優(yōu)勢,使新的景觀要素融入當?shù)氐沫h(huán)境中,突出當?shù)氐奈幕厣�、地域特色、展現(xiàn)本土的時代氣息與韻味。5.在廣西靖西至那坡高速公路景觀綠化設計實踐中,充分體現(xiàn)“因地制宜適地適樹”;景觀協(xié)調,注重突出當?shù)厣贁?shù)民族特色,使其具有明顯地域特色和景觀可識別性。
[Abstract]:After China's entry into the WTO, the economy has developed rapidly and laid the economic foundation for the rapid development of the expressway. At the same time, the expressway has made outstanding contributions to the implementation of the socialist market economy and played an important role in the construction of the national economy. The national awareness of ecological environmental protection is increasing. The social organizations and the national government have begun to pay more attention to the ecological environment and the visual landscape along the expressway because of the construction of the freeway. The main problem faced in the construction of expressway is the main problem in the construction of freeway. In developed countries, there are already special design institutions. The expressway landscape design is still in the stage of exploration and development in China. Through consulting related documents, this study analyzes the development of expressway landscape at home and abroad and summarizes the relevant research results, which is in Jingxi, Guangxi. As a case of landscape greening design practice of the expressway, the relevant theoretical knowledge and design techniques of the landscape elements and their composition are systematically discussed. The following main research results are obtained: 1. the landscape design of the freeway is based on landscape greening design, which meets the demand of traffic function (such as preventing glare, inducing sight and so on). It can adapt to nature, protect nature, create beautiful landscape along the line, make every effort to create "safe, fast, comfortable, harmonious" green ecological corridor.2. expressway along the road green is a dynamic three-dimensional landscape, is a typical "knot mode" landscape, with a point Greening (knot) and linear greening (rope) two forms. Conventional high The main contents of the speed road landscape design include the main line landscape (rope) and the tunnel import and export, the interchange and the service area landscape (knot) two parts, how to arrange each "knot" point of the landscape sequence and through the "rope" organic coherence is the focus of the highway landscape design.3. highway landscape design to ensure the smooth and line of the road On the basis and premise of driving safety, the linear green design emphasizes the "potential". First, we should consider the coordination between the landscape along the road and the surrounding ecological environment. Secondly, according to the linear characteristics of the expressway greening, the road slope greening, planting belt greening and the green belt greening maintain good visual landscape effect; third, should also be tested. The continuity of the green belt along the highway and the smooth nature of the plant skyline, and the point greening design is mainly located in the entrance and exit of the tunnel, interchange and service area greening. Its design focuses on "shape", mainly considering the shape and selection of greening plants, the main buildings of the scenic spots and the style of landscape sketches, and the landscape field The recognition, the emphasis on memory, and so on, the treatment of landscape elements.4., the landscape design along the expressway, the green design, the selection of the plant variety and the local customs, the geographical environment, the history and culture, and the failure to emphasize the visual effect of the landscape space and destroy the local ecological community. The landscape design of highway should not only consider the sustainability of natural economic benefits, but also combine the advantages of local historic sites and various animal and plant resources to make the new landscape elements into the local environment, highlight local cultural characteristics, regional characteristics, display the local flavor of the times and flavor.5. in Jingxi to the slope highway in Guangxi. In the landscape greening design practice, it fully embodies the "suitable local conditions to suitable trees", and the landscape coordination, focusing on the local minority characteristics, so that it has obvious regional characteristics and landscape identifiability.

【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U418.9

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