本文選題：斜拉橋鋼梁焊接變形控制技術(shù) + 剛性加固法�。� 參考：《石家莊鐵道大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國(guó)鋼橋建設(shè)事業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展,越來越多的機(jī)構(gòu)和學(xué)者投入到焊接變形的研究工作中并發(fā)表了一系列相關(guān)的理論和成果。但與整個(gè)鋼橋建設(shè)的發(fā)展速度相比,仍有各方面的不足,主要表現(xiàn)在理論與實(shí)際聯(lián)系較少、科研單位側(cè)重于數(shù)值模擬和理論計(jì)算、所得成果多是在理想理論狀態(tài)下獲得的,而實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中影響焊接變形的因素很多。因此,理論研究成功與實(shí)際生產(chǎn)總是有相當(dāng)?shù)钠?而生產(chǎn)企業(yè)由于每個(gè)行業(yè)、企業(yè)裝備化水平不同、操作人員水平參差不齊、工藝傳統(tǒng)各有側(cè)重等,焊接變形的預(yù)測(cè)及控制大多憑實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)估計(jì),沒有形成系統(tǒng)的體系,不具有普遍意義。由于鋼材具有強(qiáng)度高、自重輕、低碳環(huán)保等特點(diǎn),因此,在橋梁建設(shè)中越來越多的采用鋼結(jié)構(gòu),而且橋梁設(shè)計(jì)理論水平及冶金技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步,所使用的鋼材強(qiáng)度也越來越高,厚度越來越大,同時(shí)焊接方法和焊接設(shè)備不斷更新,也直接促進(jìn)了鋼橋制造行業(yè)水平的整體提升。而如何有效的預(yù)測(cè)及控制焊接變形,保證焊接質(zhì)量及鋼構(gòu)件制造精度,一直以來是研究人員關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。本文結(jié)合實(shí)際工程,對(duì)高強(qiáng)度厚鋼板焊接變形結(jié)果進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,并通過實(shí)測(cè)和理論計(jì)算的方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比總結(jié),同時(shí)提出了控制焊接變形的一系列工藝措施,具有較高的實(shí)際意義及一定的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。針對(duì)本項(xiàng)目鋼梁特點(diǎn),結(jié)合我國(guó)鋼橋發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)和趨勢(shì),在本項(xiàng)目鋼梁生產(chǎn)制造過程中選取有針對(duì)性的板厚、焊接接頭類型的構(gòu)件,對(duì)其焊接前、后的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行測(cè)量,并歸納分析。同時(shí)采取理論計(jì)算的方法計(jì)算出同類型鋼板、焊接接頭焊接變形量,與實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,總結(jié)出其焊接變形趨勢(shì)及規(guī)律。同時(shí)提出在各個(gè)階段如何控制及減少焊接變形,減少矯正工作量,保證焊接質(zhì)量及構(gòu)件幾何精度,為其他工程鋼梁生產(chǎn)提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本文研究的重點(diǎn)有:(1)在生產(chǎn)過程中經(jīng)過大量的數(shù)據(jù)采集,總結(jié)實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中的焊接變形趨勢(shì),并進(jìn)行分析整理,提出一定工藝參數(shù)及焊接環(huán)境下鋼板的焊接變形趨勢(shì)。(2)經(jīng)過理論計(jì)算,得出鋼板焊接變形量;(3)進(jìn)行理論計(jì)算與試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的對(duì)比,總結(jié)其異同,并提出各個(gè)階段控制及減小焊接變形的措施、方法,以便更好的指導(dǎo)實(shí)際生產(chǎn)。在設(shè)計(jì)階段采用合理可行的設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),設(shè)計(jì)適當(dāng)?shù)暮缚p,既滿足受力及安全要求,同時(shí)又避免過大的焊縫及熔深造成的難以矯正的焊接變形;在制造階段選取科學(xué)合理的焊接工藝參數(shù)和合理的坡口形式,采用恰當(dāng)?shù)暮附禹樞?并采用剛性加固法、預(yù)變形法、機(jī)械矯正法、火焰矯正法等措施控制及減小焊接變形。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of steel bridge construction in China, more and more institutions and scholars have put into the research work of welding deformation and published a series of related theories and achievements. However, compared with the development speed of the whole steel bridge construction, there are still some shortcomings in various aspects, which are mainly reflected in the lack of theoretical and practical connection, the emphasis of scientific research units on numerical simulation and theoretical calculation, and the results obtained in the ideal theoretical state. There are many factors that affect welding deformation in actual production. Therefore, there is always a considerable deviation between the success of theoretical research and actual production. However, for each industry, the level of equipment of the enterprise is different, the level of the operator is not uniform, the process tradition has its own emphasis, etc. The prediction and control of welding deformation are mostly estimated by practical experience, and there is no systematic system, so it is not of universal significance. Because steel has the characteristics of high strength, light weight, low carbon environmental protection and so on, more and more steel structures are used in bridge construction, and the strength of steel used in bridge design and metallurgical technology is getting higher and higher with the development of bridge design theory and metallurgical technology. The thicker and thicker the welding method and welding equipment are, the higher the level of steel bridge manufacturing industry is. How to effectively predict and control welding deformation and ensure welding quality and manufacturing accuracy of steel members has always been the focus of attention of researchers. In this paper, the results of welding deformation of high strength and thick steel plate are statistically analyzed and compared with theoretical calculation methods, and a series of technological measures to control welding deformation are put forward. It has high practical significance and certain application value. According to the characteristics of the steel beam of the project, combined with the characteristics and trends of the steel bridge development in our country, in the process of production and manufacture of the steel beam of this project, the members of the plate thickness and welded joint type are selected, and the state of the steel beam before and after welding is measured. And inductive analysis. At the same time, the method of theoretical calculation is adopted to calculate the welding deformation of the same type steel plate and welded joint, and the welding deformation trend and law are summarized by comparing with the measured data. At the same time, how to control and reduce the welding deformation, reduce the workload of correction, ensure the welding quality and geometric accuracy of the components in each stage, and provide experience for other engineering steel beam production. In this paper, the focus of the research is: (1) after a lot of data collection in the production process, the trend of welding deformation in actual production is summarized, and the trend of welding deformation is analyzed and sorted out. The welding deformation trend of steel plate under certain technological parameters and welding environment is put forward. After theoretical calculation, it is concluded that the welding deformation of steel plate is calculated and compared with the experimental data, and the similarities and differences are summarized. The measures of controlling and reducing welding deformation in each stage are put forward, so as to guide the actual production better. The reasonable and feasible design standard is adopted in the design stage, and the proper welding seam is designed, which not only meets the requirements of force and safety, but also avoids the difficult to correct welding deformation caused by excessive weld seam and penetration depth. In the manufacturing stage, scientific and reasonable welding process parameters and rational groove form are selected, proper welding sequence is adopted, rigid reinforcement method, predeformation method, mechanical correction method and flame correction method are adopted to control and reduce welding deformation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U445.583

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本文編號(hào)：1800369