本文選題：公交停靠 + 交通流影響��； 參考：《長安大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著城市化進程的不斷加速,各大城市機動車保有量激增,交通壓力日益嚴峻,常規(guī)公交作為緩解城市交通問題的有效手段之一,得到城市管理者的重視。常規(guī)公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,公交�？空咀鳛橹匾木W(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點,不僅影響到公交服務(wù)效率,還制約著路段交通流的正常運行。公交車輛需要在停靠站�？客瓿沙丝偷倪\輸,造成公交車與其他社會車輛間的相互干擾,影響�？空韭范蔚慕煌鬟\行�？梢�,有必要對城市公交停靠行為進行細致的分析,通過構(gòu)建貼合實際情況的公交�？磕Ｐ�,研究公交�？啃袨閷β范谓煌鞯挠绊�。這對于提高路段交通運行效率,緩解路網(wǎng)擁堵有著重要意義。本文首先綜述了國內(nèi)外有關(guān)公交運行、停靠模型、對路段交通流影響的研究成果,為論文奠定理論基礎(chǔ);在國內(nèi)外文獻綜述的基礎(chǔ)上,從公交停靠對路段交通流運行特性影響分析出發(fā),描述了公交�？康奈⒂^過程,定性分析路段交通流運行的影響因素。其次,選取福州市、西安市交通量較大的港灣式、直線式�？空咀鳛檠芯繉ο�,從停靠站所在路段交通量Q、流速V、交通流中公交車輛比例rb、停靠公交比例rbus、停靠時間Tbus分布、乘客乘降時間Tcj分布、�？垦诱`Tyw分布等方面對公交�？啃袨榈奶卣鲾�(shù)據(jù)進行收集分析。再次,采用元胞自動機構(gòu)建公交停靠模型,以單路多通道排隊理論作為公交�？恳�(guī)則,結(jié)合調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù),確定模型參數(shù)取值區(qū)間,對構(gòu)建的公交�？磕Ｐ瓦M行可靠性校驗及參數(shù)校核。通過MATLAB編程分別實現(xiàn)直線式、港灣式�？空灸Ｐ头抡�,研究分析公交停靠行為中到達頻率、�？繒r長、停靠車輛間相互影響程度對路段交通流的影響。最后,基于仿真所得結(jié)果,提出“�？烤�路調(diào)整”、“設(shè)置主-輔公交�？空尽钡却胧┮越档凸煌？繉β范谓煌鞯挠绊�,通過改進港灣式公交停靠仿真模型,定量分析改善措施的實施效果,結(jié)果表明:①對于港灣式公交�？空�,在路段公交線路數(shù)量分配上,應(yīng)盡可能使交通流中公交車輛的比例不高于7%,從而減少停靠站排隊溢出現(xiàn)象;②當路段交通流中公交車輛比例超過8%的情況下,通過設(shè)置港灣式主-輔公交站,可有效的降低公交�？垦诱`。
[Abstract]:With the accelerating process of urbanization, the number of motor vehicles in major cities is increasing rapidly, and the traffic pressure is becoming increasingly severe. As one of the effective means to alleviate urban traffic problems, bus routine has been attached great importance to by city managers. As an important network node, bus stop not only affects the efficiency of bus service, but also restricts the normal operation of road traffic flow. Public transport vehicles need to stop at the stop to complete the transportation of passengers, which results in the mutual interference between buses and other social vehicles, and affects the traffic flow of the stop sections. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis on the behavior of bus stop in the city, and to study the effect of the behavior of bus stop on the traffic flow through the construction of a model of bus stop in accordance with the actual situation. It is of great significance to improve the traffic efficiency and alleviate the congestion of road network. This paper first summarizes the domestic and foreign research results of public transport operation, parking models and the impact of road traffic flow, which lays a theoretical foundation for the paper; on the basis of literature review at home and abroad, Based on the analysis of the influence of bus stops on the traffic flow characteristics of road sections, this paper describes the microscopic process of bus stops, and qualitatively analyzes the influencing factors of traffic flow operation on road sections. Secondly, select the port type and straight line stop station of Fuzhou and Xi'an city as the research object, from the traffic volume Q, the flow velocity V, the proportion of public transport vehicle in the traffic flow, the proportion of bus stop to the bus, the Tbus distribution of stopping time, the traffic volume, the velocity of traffic, the proportion of bus in traffic flow, the proportion of bus stop and the Tbus distribution of stopping time, The characteristic data of bus stop behavior are collected and analyzed in the aspects of passenger time Tcj distribution, delay Tyw distribution and so on. Thirdly, using cellular automata to construct the bus stopping model, taking the single channel queuing theory as the bus stopping rules, combining the investigation data, the model parameters are determined to take value interval. The reliability and parameters of the bus stop model are verified. Through the MATLAB programming to realize the model simulation of the straight-line station and the harbor station, the influence of the arrival frequency, the length of the stop time and the degree of the interaction between the vehicles on the traffic flow in the public transportation is studied and analyzed. Finally, based on the simulation results, some measures, such as "adjusting the stop line" and "setting up the main and auxiliary bus stop", are put forward to reduce the influence of the bus stop on the traffic flow on the road section, and the simulation model of the port bus stop is improved. The result of quantitative analysis of the effect of the improvement measures shows that for the port bus stop, the number of public transport lines on the section of the section is allocated in the proportion of the number of bus lines in the section. The proportion of public transport vehicles in traffic flow should not be higher than 7%, so as to reduce the queue overflow phenomenon of stop stop. When the proportion of public transport vehicles in traffic flow of section of road is more than 8%, by setting up the main auxiliary bus station of harbor type, It can effectively reduce the delay of bus stop.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.17

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