本文選題：VANET + 分簇加權(quán)�。� 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近十幾年來(lái),隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和城市建設(shè)不斷擴(kuò)展,車(chē)輛的數(shù)目直線上升,造成了很多交通問(wèn)題,尤其是在城市交通環(huán)境中,使得智能交通車(chē)載通信系統(tǒng)成為熱點(diǎn)研究之一,而車(chē)載自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)VANET技術(shù)又是研究的重中之重。為避免交通擁堵和交通事故的發(fā)生,智能交通的良好管理和誘導(dǎo)成為關(guān)鍵,這使得誘導(dǎo)信息的實(shí)時(shí)發(fā)布機(jī)制的研究具有重要意義。然而由于VANET的自治性和無(wú)固定結(jié)構(gòu)、多跳路由等特點(diǎn),在移動(dòng)自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)中可以得到優(yōu)良效果的信息發(fā)布算法直接運(yùn)用在VANET中,得到的效果并不理想。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,利用車(chē)輛移動(dòng)的規(guī)律性、一維性及城市交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)特點(diǎn),本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種改進(jìn)的基于適應(yīng)VANET加權(quán)分簇算法VAWCA(VANET Adapted Weighted Cluster Algorithm)的信息實(shí)時(shí)發(fā)布機(jī)制。該機(jī)制考慮了車(chē)載網(wǎng)中車(chē)輛的節(jié)點(diǎn)速度、連通度、節(jié)點(diǎn)位置、平均通信時(shí)間四個(gè)因素,計(jì)算綜合權(quán)值,以形成適應(yīng)VANET城市交通場(chǎng)景的穩(wěn)定分簇網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu),并在該網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)中,發(fā)布不同類(lèi)型的交通誘導(dǎo)信息。由于VANET中車(chē)輛節(jié)點(diǎn)密度的變化和發(fā)布的交通誘導(dǎo)信息類(lèi)型差異導(dǎo)致的問(wèn)題,本文采用相應(yīng)的解決策略來(lái)改善:適應(yīng)車(chē)輛密度的簇建立改進(jìn)策略和適應(yīng)信息類(lèi)型的數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布改進(jìn)策略。適應(yīng)車(chē)輛密度的簇建立改進(jìn)策略包括高密度下的負(fù)載均衡和低密度下基于偽簇首的穩(wěn)定性保障,前者主要是針對(duì)密集交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)場(chǎng)景,考慮網(wǎng)絡(luò)的資源利用、傳輸效率以及節(jié)點(diǎn)的負(fù)載能力,使整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)盡量達(dá)到負(fù)載均衡;后者主要是針對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)稀疏的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)場(chǎng)景,減少由于節(jié)點(diǎn)連通性弱引起的簇結(jié)構(gòu)劇烈抖動(dòng),提高算法性能。適應(yīng)信息類(lèi)型的數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布改進(jìn)策略包括借助RSU的緊急誘導(dǎo)信息廣播和實(shí)時(shí)誘導(dǎo)信息單播,前者是考慮了緊急誘導(dǎo)信息的傳輸特殊性,利用RSU傳輸能力更強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)輔助傳輸緊急信息,提高實(shí)時(shí)性;后者是在基于分簇算法構(gòu)建的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中傳輸節(jié)點(diǎn)請(qǐng)求和返回的數(shù)據(jù)信息,根據(jù)道路和車(chē)輛行駛特點(diǎn),高效使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源。最后,本文基于NS3仿真平臺(tái),搭建了城市交通仿真場(chǎng)景,并設(shè)計(jì)了性能指標(biāo)和仿真參數(shù),通過(guò)對(duì)VAWCA和VWCP(Vehicular Weighted Clustering Protocol)的仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,證明了VAWCA在單播數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布、緊急誘導(dǎo)信息廣播和通用誘導(dǎo)信息廣播的場(chǎng)景下,得到更好的負(fù)載均衡、實(shí)時(shí)性和穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of economy and the continuous expansion of urban construction, the number of vehicles has risen sharply, which has caused a lot of traffic problems, especially in the urban traffic environment, which makes the intelligent transportation vehicle communication system become one of the hot research. And the VANET technology of vehicle-borne self-organization network is the most important research. In order to avoid traffic jams and traffic accidents, the good management and guidance of intelligent traffic becomes the key, which makes the research of the mechanism of real-time release of induced information of great significance. However, due to the autonomy and lack of fixed structure of VANET, multi-hop routing and other characteristics, the information publishing algorithm which can obtain good results in mobile ad hoc networks is directly used in VANET, and the results are not satisfactory. To solve the above problems, an improved real-time information publishing mechanism based on adaptive VANET weighted clustering algorithm (VAWCA(VANET Adapted Weighted Cluster algorithm) is designed based on the regularity of vehicle movement, one-dimensional and urban traffic network characteristics. The mechanism takes into account four factors, such as vehicle speed, connectivity, node location and average communication time, and calculates the comprehensive weights to form a stable clustering network structure suitable for VANET urban traffic scenarios. Publish different types of traffic guidance information. The problem caused by the change of vehicle node density and the difference in the type of traffic guidance information published in VANET, In this paper, the corresponding solutions are adopted to improve: the cluster building strategy adapted to vehicle density and the improved strategy of data dissemination adapted to information type. The improved clustering strategy for vehicle density includes load balancing under high density and stability protection based on pseudo cluster head under low density. The former mainly considers the resource utilization of the network for dense traffic network scenarios. The transmission efficiency and the load capacity of the nodes make the whole network achieve load balance as far as possible. The latter is mainly aimed at the sparse traffic network scenarios to reduce the severe jitter of cluster structure caused by the weak connectivity of nodes and improve the performance of the algorithm. The improved strategy of data dissemination adapting to information type includes emergency induced information broadcast with RSU and real-time induced information unicast. The former takes into account the particularity of emergency induced information transmission. The RSU can be used to transmit emergency information and improve real-time performance. The latter is used to transmit the data information requested and returned by nodes in the network based on clustering algorithm, according to the driving characteristics of roads and vehicles. Efficient use of network resources. Finally, based on the NS3 simulation platform, the simulation scene of urban traffic is built, and the performance index and simulation parameters are designed. By comparing and analyzing the simulation results of VAWCA and VWCP(Vehicular Weighted Clustering protocol, it is proved that VAWCA is publishing unicast data. In the scenario of emergency induced information broadcast and general induced information broadcast, better load balance, real time and stability can be obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U495

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 陳柯蕾;車(chē)載自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)分簇及網(wǎng)關(guān)選擇算法研究[D];河南大學(xué);2014年

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本文編號(hào)：1798508