本文選題：高填涵洞 + 泡沫輕質(zhì)土��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)的逐漸完善,高速公路的建設(shè)也不斷向西北地區(qū)推進(jìn),因此,受我國西北山高溝深等復(fù)雜地形、地貌的影響,越來越多的高填方路堤逐漸涌現(xiàn)。涵洞作為高速公路的重要基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施之一,其設(shè)計(jì)、建設(shè)和維護(hù)都對高速公路具有至關(guān)重要的意義,但是一直以來,大范圍高填涵洞病害的產(chǎn)生成為影響我國西北高速公路建設(shè)質(zhì)量的一道難題。許多研究人員通過計(jì)算、實(shí)驗(yàn)分析總結(jié)得出,高填涵洞產(chǎn)生病害的主要原因是由涵洞頂部和涵洞兩側(cè)土體存在沉降差所引起的附加應(yīng)力導(dǎo)致的涵頂土應(yīng)力集中。因此如何恰當(dāng)?shù)慕鉀Q或減少高填涵洞涵頂和涵側(cè)土體的沉降差,對抑制附加應(yīng)力的產(chǎn)生,降低涵洞病害產(chǎn)生的概率是具有重要意義。本文通過室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值仿真計(jì)算,對一種新興的高質(zhì)量輕質(zhì)材料——泡沫輕質(zhì)土進(jìn)行分析研究,利用其輕質(zhì)性、自硬性、低彈性、低成本、易施工、無需壓實(shí),達(dá)到滿足的齡期后,成自立狀態(tài)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),進(jìn)行高填涵洞減荷方案研究。主要研究內(nèi)容包括:(1)結(jié)合高填涵洞病害的特征,分析病害產(chǎn)生的影響因素和作用機(jī)理,確定輕質(zhì)材料——泡沫輕質(zhì)土進(jìn)行回填減荷。依據(jù)泡沫輕質(zhì)土的性質(zhì)決定主要在涵側(cè)填筑泡沫輕質(zhì)土,不僅可以解決涵頂土應(yīng)力集中問題,還可以減小涵洞側(cè)向土應(yīng)力,解決因壓實(shí)不充分所引起的各類問題。(2)通過數(shù)值仿真計(jì)算,分析填土的力學(xué)參數(shù)對涵頂和涵側(cè)土體沉降差以及涵洞豎向土應(yīng)力的影響,并運(yùn)用正交實(shí)驗(yàn)和極差分析法確定不同土體力學(xué)參數(shù)對涵洞受力的影響程度。最終確定填土的彈性模量和泊松比是影響涵頂和涵側(cè)土體沉降差的主要因素,并以此作為換填材料選擇的主要依據(jù)。(3)根據(jù)泡沫輕質(zhì)土的不同用途選取試驗(yàn)材料,為改善輕質(zhì)土的各項(xiàng)性能,在傳統(tǒng)的泡沫、水泥、粉煤灰混合料中,摻入少量礦粉。運(yùn)用正交實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行配合比設(shè)計(jì),研究不同基礎(chǔ)組成材料用量對輕質(zhì)土的強(qiáng)度和力學(xué)參數(shù)的影響程度,得出最佳配合比。其中,水灰比和泡沫用量對泡沫輕質(zhì)土的達(dá)到固化期齡的抗壓強(qiáng)度和內(nèi)摩擦角影響較大。(4)運(yùn)用Midas對泡沫輕質(zhì)土的多種回填方案進(jìn)行數(shù)值仿真模擬,從涵頂和涵側(cè)土體沉降差、涵頂豎向應(yīng)力和涵側(cè)應(yīng)力三方面,對比不同回填形狀和回填高度的減荷效果,總結(jié)泡沫輕質(zhì)土的最佳回填方案。
[Abstract]:With the gradual improvement of our country's infrastructure construction, the construction of expressway is advancing to the northwest area. Therefore, due to the influence of complex topography and landform, more and more high-fill embankments emerge gradually.Culvert is one of the important infrastructure of freeway, its design, construction and maintenance are very important to expressway, but all the time,The occurrence of culvert disease in large scale and high filling has become a difficult problem affecting the quality of highway construction in Northwest China.Through calculation and experimental analysis, many researchers conclude that the main cause of culvert disease in high fill culvert is the stress concentration of culvert top soil caused by additional stress caused by settlement difference between the top of culvert and the soil on both sides of culvert.Therefore, how to properly solve or reduce the settlement difference between culvert top and culvert side of culvert is of great significance to restrain the generation of additional stress and reduce the probability of culvert disease.In this paper, a new kind of high quality lightweight material, foam lightweight soil, is analyzed and studied by laboratory experiments and numerical simulation. It is easy to construct and does not need compaction by using its lightweight, self-hardness, low elasticity, low cost, easy construction and no compaction.After reaching the satisfied age, the project of high fill culvert load reduction is studied.The main research contents include: (1) combined with the characteristics of culvert disease in high filling, the influencing factors and mechanism of the disease are analyzed, and the backfill and load reduction of lightweight material-foam lightweight soil is determined.According to the properties of foamed lightweight soil, foam lightweight soil is mainly filled on the culvert side, which can not only solve the stress concentration problem of culvert top soil, but also reduce the lateral soil stress of culvert.To solve all kinds of problems caused by insufficient compaction. (2) through numerical simulation, the influence of mechanical parameters of fill on settlement difference of culvert top and culvert and vertical soil stress of culvert is analyzed.Orthogonal test and range analysis were used to determine the influence of different soil mechanical parameters on culvert stress.Finally, the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of fill are the main factors that affect the settlement difference of culvert top and culvert soil, and this is used as the main basis for the selection of filling material.) according to the different uses of foamed lightweight soil, the test materials are selected.In order to improve the properties of lightweight soil, a small amount of mineral powder is mixed in traditional foams, cement and fly ash mixtures.The orthogonal design was used to study the influence of the content of different basic materials on the strength and mechanical parameters of light soil. The optimum mixture ratio was obtained.Among them, water cement ratio and foam content have great influence on compressive strength and internal friction angle of foamed lightweight soil at the age of curing period. (4) numerical simulation of various backfill schemes of foamed lightweight soil is carried out by using Midas, and the settlement difference between culvert top and culvert side soil is obtained.In this paper, the vertical stress of culvert top and lateral stress of culvert are compared, and the optimum backfill scheme of foamed lightweight soil is summarized by comparing the load reduction effect of different backfill shapes and backfill heights.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U449

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